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la gente"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas.","book_number":"10","total_folios":315,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"06aae2ea-f037-4882-afd1-83ea4c1d2d26","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"decir \"noche y aire\" o \"spíritu invisible\", y le eran devotos y grandes oradores. Y la noche que le velaban se pasaba en cantar con un atamboril que llaman _tepunaztli_, y hacíanle sacrificio, puzando y cortando con espinas o puntas de magueyes con que se sangraban; y para ello tocaban un caracol grande en lugar de trompeta, que sonaba muy lexos. Lavábanse también a la medianoche, por más que hiciese gran frío. Hacían fiestas cada veinte días, y sacrificio a su dios.\n\nEran habilísimos de grandes trazas; sotiles y curiosos mecánicos, porque eran oficiales de plumas, pintores, encaladores, plateros, doradores, herreros, carpinteros, albaníes, lapidarios muy primos en debastar y polir las piedras preciosas, hiladores, texedores, pláticos y elegantes en su habla, curiosos en su comer y en su traxe, muy aficionados a ser devotos y a ofrecer a su dios e incensarle en sus templos, valientes en las guerras, animosos, de muchos ardides, que hacían grandes presas. Esto solamente en suma se dice destos nahuas, porque había mucho que decir de su república y manera de vivir. \n\n##### Párrafo sexto. Aquí se dice quién son los otomíes y su manera de ser y vivir","html":"<p>decir &quot;noche y aire&quot; o &quot;spíritu invisible&quot;, y le eran devotos y grandes oradores. Y la noche que le velaban se pasaba en cantar con un atamboril que llaman <em>tepunaztli</em>, y hacíanle sacrificio, puzando y cortando con espinas o puntas de magueyes con que se sangraban; y para ello tocaban un caracol grande en lugar de trompeta, que sonaba muy lexos. Lavábanse también a la medianoche, por más que hiciese gran frío. Hacían fiestas cada veinte días, y sacrificio a su dios.</p>\n<p>Eran habilísimos de grandes trazas; sotiles y curiosos mecánicos, porque eran oficiales de plumas, pintores, encaladores, plateros, doradores, herreros, carpinteros, albaníes, lapidarios muy primos en debastar y polir las piedras preciosas, hiladores, texedores, pláticos y elegantes en su habla, curiosos en su comer y en su traxe, muy aficionados a ser devotos y a ofrecer a su dios e incensarle en sus templos, valientes en las guerras, animosos, de muchos ardides, que hacían grandes presas. Esto solamente en suma se dice destos nahuas, porque había mucho que decir de su república y manera de vivir.</p>\n<h5>Párrafo sexto. Aquí se dice quién son los otomíes y su manera de ser y vivir</h5>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"70250d37-5637-4f44-8113-8d3df2969747","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"“night and wind” or “invisible spirit,” and they were devoted to him and prayed fervently to him. And they would spend the night of his vigil singing with a drum that they call _teponaztli_. And they would perform sacrifices to him, pricking and cutting themselves with maguey thorns or spikes, which they used to bleed themselves. And for this [vigil], instead of a trumpet, they would blow a large shell whose sound could be heard far away. They would also wash themselves at midnight, no matter how cold it was. They would celebrate festivals every twenty days and make sacrifices to their god.\n\nThey were extremely skillful in [designing] large projects [and were] subtle and intelligent mechanics, as they were feather artisans, painters, masons, silversmiths, goldsmiths, blacksmiths, carpenters, builders, lapidaries—who were experts in carving and polishing precious stones—spinners, and weavers. And they were elegant and eloquent in their speech; smart in both their manner of eating and dressing; very earnest in their devotions, in making offerings to their god, and in offering incense in their temples. They were courageous in war, brave, and they had many ruses that allowed them to take many captives. This is only a summary of what can be said about these Nahuas, because there is much to say about their republic and their way of life.\n\n##### Paragraph 6: Here is described who the Otomis are and their way of being and living","html":"<p>“night and wind” or “invisible spirit,” and they were devoted to him and prayed fervently to him. And they would spend the night of his vigil singing with a drum that they call <em>teponaztli</em>. And they would perform sacrifices to him, pricking and cutting themselves with maguey thorns or spikes, which they used to bleed themselves. And for this [vigil], instead of a trumpet, they would blow a large shell whose sound could be heard far away. They would also wash themselves at midnight, no matter how cold it was. They would celebrate festivals every twenty days and make sacrifices to their god.</p>\n<p>They were extremely skillful in [designing] large projects [and were] subtle and intelligent mechanics, as they were feather artisans, painters, masons, silversmiths, goldsmiths, blacksmiths, carpenters, builders, lapidaries—who were experts in carving and polishing precious stones—spinners, and weavers. And they were elegant and eloquent in their speech; smart in both their manner of eating and dressing; very earnest in their devotions, in making offerings to their god, and in offering incense in their temples. They were courageous in war, brave, and they had many ruses that allowed them to take many captives. This is only a summary of what can be said about these Nahuas, because there is much to say about their republic and their way of life.</p>\n<h5>Paragraph 6: Here is described who the Otomis are and their way of being and living</h5>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"1f4f6df2-66f1-4a64-9f15-2115a968aa54","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[mj]leque, cuezcomeque: auh teoaque, quinotzque, qujtlatlauhtique, qujmoteutique in teutl: in qujtocaiotique iooalli ehecatl, tlateumatinj, in ioalli ic qujtlaça tlapia, teponaçoa, cujcatoque, mjço, motetequj, movitztlalia, tlapitza, apan temo. Cecempoaltica in ilhujchiuhtivi,\n\nvel intech ca in jxqujch ixtlamatiliztli, in nematiliztli, ioan in tultecaiutl, amanteca, tlacujloque, tlaqujlque, teucujtlaoaque, tepuzpitzque, tlaxinque, tetzotzonque, tlatecque, tlachiqujnj, tlapetlaoanj, tlaiotovianj, tzauhque, hiqujtque, mjmatque, in jpan tlatolli, mjmati in jpan tlaqualchioaliztli mjmati in tilmatica, in tlaquentica teuoaque, tlateomatinj, tlatlatlauhtianj, tlamananj: tlenamacanj, oqujchtinj, in iaoc mjmatinj, tlamanj, tetopeoanj:\nçan cuel ixqujch y, njcan mjtoa, oc mjec in mocaoa, in jnnemjliz in naoa, in naoatlaca.\n\nAchiton nican vnmoteneoa: in aqujque otomj, ioan in quenamj inieliz, in jnnêmachiliz.","html":"<p>[mj]leque, cuezcomeque: auh teoaque, quinotzque, qujtlatlauhtique, qujmoteutique in teutl: in qujtocaiotique iooalli ehecatl, tlateumatinj, in ioalli ic qujtlaça tlapia, teponaçoa, cujcatoque, mjço, motetequj, movitztlalia, tlapitza, apan temo. Cecempoaltica in ilhujchiuhtivi,</p>\n<p>vel intech ca in jxqujch ixtlamatiliztli, in nematiliztli, ioan in tultecaiutl, amanteca, tlacujloque, tlaqujlque, teucujtlaoaque, tepuzpitzque, tlaxinque, tetzotzonque, tlatecque, tlachiqujnj, tlapetlaoanj, tlaiotovianj, tzauhque, hiqujtque, mjmatque, in jpan tlatolli, mjmati in jpan tlaqualchioaliztli mjmati in tilmatica, in tlaquentica teuoaque, tlateomatinj, tlatlatlauhtianj, tlamananj: tlenamacanj, oqujchtinj, in iaoc mjmatinj, tlamanj, tetopeoanj:\nçan cuel ixqujch y, njcan mjtoa, oc mjec in mocaoa, in jnnemjliz in naoa, in naoatlaca.</p>\n<p>Achiton nican vnmoteneoa: in aqujque otomj, ioan in quenamj inieliz, in jnnêmachiliz.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"aba93e76-5b52-4de1-857c-a04753105e99","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"gardens, maize bins. They had a god; they addressed him, they prayed to him, they worshipped him as a god. They gave him the name of Night [and] Wind. They were devout: they held vigil, held watch, played the two-toned drum, sat singing, bled themselves, mutilated themselves, inserted maguey spines, blew the trumpet shell, entered into the water. Every twenty-day period they proceeded to observe feast days.\n\nIn them were all prudence, industry, and craftmanship. [They were] feather workers, painters, masons, gold workers, metal casters, carpenters, stone cutters, lapidaries, grinders, stone polishers, weavers, spinners; they were adroit in speech, distinctive in food preparation, elegant with capes, with clothes. They had gods; they were devout; they were pray-ers, givers of offerings, offerers of incense. They were brave, able in war, takers of captives, conquerors.\n\nThis is all which is here to be told. Still, much is omitted concerning the life of the Nahua, of the Nahua people.\n\nA little is mentioned here of those [who were] the Otomí and of their way of life, their qualities.","html":"<p>gardens, maize bins. They had a god; they addressed him, they prayed to him, they worshipped him as a god. They gave him the name of Night [and] Wind. They were devout: they held vigil, held watch, played the two-toned drum, sat singing, bled themselves, mutilated themselves, inserted maguey spines, blew the trumpet shell, entered into the water. Every twenty-day period they proceeded to observe feast days.</p>\n<p>In them were all prudence, industry, and craftmanship. [They were] feather workers, painters, masons, gold workers, metal casters, carpenters, stone cutters, lapidaries, grinders, stone polishers, weavers, spinners; they were adroit in speech, distinctive in food preparation, elegant with capes, with clothes. They had gods; they were devout; they were pray-ers, givers of offerings, offerers of incense. They were brave, able in war, takers of captives, conquerors.</p>\n<p>This is all which is here to be told. Still, much is omitted concerning the life of the Nahua, of the Nahua people.</p>\n<p>A little is mentioned here of those [who were] the Otomí and of their way of life, their qualities.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"125r"}