tomadas, y poseídas todas por los que vinieron primero. Y por estar en los términos de los tepanecas, fueron subjectos y tributarios del pueblo de Azcaputzalco. Todas las dichas familias se llaman chichimecas, y aun de tal nombre se jactan y se glorian. Y es porque todas anduvieron peregrinando como chichimecas por las tierras antes dichas, y de allí volvieron para estas partes. Aunque a la verdad no se llaman tierras de chichimecas por donde ellos anduvieron, sino Teotlalpan Tlacochcalco Mictlampa, que quiere decir "campos llanos y espaciosos que están hacia el norte". Llamáronse tierras de chichimecas porque por allí suelen ahora habitar los chichimecas, que son unas gentes bárbaras que se sustentan de la caza que toman, y no pueblan. Y aunque los mexicanos se dicen chichimecas, empero propriamente se dicen atlacachichimeca, que quiere decir "pescadores que vinieron de lexas tierras". Las gentes nahuas, que son las que entienden la lengua mexicana, también se llaman chichimecas, porque vinieron de las tierras ya dichas, donde están las siete cuevas que ya están referidas, y son las que se nombran aquí: tepanecas, acolhuacas, chalcas, y los hombres de tierra caliente,
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"f72d4aef-3c6e-4f03-ae07-58513e0e5e2d","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"were taken and owned by those who arrived first. And since they were within the boundaries of the Tepanecas, they became subjects and taxpayers of the town of Azcapotzalco.\n\nAll these families are called Chichimecas, and they even boast and take pride of such a name. And this is because all [these ethnic groups] wandered about as Chichimecas across the lands mentioned above, and from there they made their way back into this region—even though the truth is that the lands through which they journeyed are called not “lands of the Chichimecas” but rather Teotlalpan Tlacochalco Mictlampa, which means “spacious plains and fields that lie to the north.” They were called “lands of the Chichimecas” because today they are usually inhabited by the Chichimecas, who are some barbarous people who support themselves with the game that they hunt and who do not build towns. And even though the Mexicans are called Chichimecas, they are properly called, however, Atlacachichimeca, which means “fishermen who came from distant lands.” The Nahua peoples, who are those who understand the Mexican language, are also called Chichimecas, because they came from the lands just mentioned, where the seven caves are, which have already been mentioned. And [the Nahua peoples] are the ones named here: Tepanecas; Acolhuacas; Chalcas; the people from the hot land;","html":"were taken and owned by those who arrived first. And since they were within the boundaries of the Tepanecas, they became subjects and taxpayers of the town of Azcapotzalco.
\nAll these families are called Chichimecas, and they even boast and take pride of such a name. And this is because all [these ethnic groups] wandered about as Chichimecas across the lands mentioned above, and from there they made their way back into this region—even though the truth is that the lands through which they journeyed are called not “lands of the Chichimecas” but rather Teotlalpan Tlacochalco Mictlampa, which means “spacious plains and fields that lie to the north.” They were called “lands of the Chichimecas” because today they are usually inhabited by the Chichimecas, who are some barbarous people who support themselves with the game that they hunt and who do not build towns. And even though the Mexicans are called Chichimecas, they are properly called, however, Atlacachichimeca, which means “fishermen who came from distant lands.” The Nahua peoples, who are those who understand the Mexican language, are also called Chichimecas, because they came from the lands just mentioned, where the seven caves are, which have already been mentioned. And [the Nahua peoples] are the ones named here: Tepanecas; Acolhuacas; Chalcas; the people from the hot land;
\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"aa50ba24-af7d-44f5-af8f-8507d77e6323","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"nemjto, in mochintin chichimecatlalpan, oalmocuepato: tel amo itocaiocan chichimecatlalpan, çan itocaiocan Teutlalpan, tlacochcalco, mjctlampa: çan ic motocaioti chichimecatlalpan: ipampa in vmpa nemj chichimeca, in tlamjnaliztli qujqua, quj: injc mjtoa, mochichimecaitoa, Mexica: mjtoa, motocaiotia, atlaca chichimeca.\n\nIn naoatlaca, in nepapan tlaca: no mjtoa, chichimeca: ipampa in chichimecatlalpan oalmocuepato, in mjtoa, chicomoztoc oalmocuepato: iehoantin Tepaneca, Aculhoaque, Chalca, Tonaiantlaca, Tlalhujcca, Covixca, Tlateputzca, Vexutzinca, Tlaxcalteca: ioan in oc cequjntin naoatlaca: ic no intlatquj ietinemj, in acatl, in tlacochtli.\n\nIn tulteca no mjtoa, chichimeca, mjtoa tulteca chichimeca. In otomj no mjtoa, chichi[meca,]","html":"nemjto, in mochintin chichimecatlalpan, oalmocuepato: tel amo itocaiocan chichimecatlalpan, çan itocaiocan Teutlalpan, tlacochcalco, mjctlampa: çan ic motocaioti chichimecatlalpan: ipampa in vmpa nemj chichimeca, in tlamjnaliztli qujqua, quj: injc mjtoa, mochichimecaitoa, Mexica: mjtoa, motocaiotia, atlaca chichimeca.
\nIn naoatlaca, in nepapan tlaca: no mjtoa, chichimeca: ipampa in chichimecatlalpan oalmocuepato, in mjtoa, chicomoztoc oalmocuepato: iehoantin Tepaneca, Aculhoaque, Chalca, Tonaiantlaca, Tlalhujcca, Covixca, Tlateputzca, Vexutzinca, Tlaxcalteca: ioan in oc cequjntin naoatlaca: ic no intlatquj ietinemj, in acatl, in tlacochtli.
\nIn tulteca no mjtoa, chichimeca, mjtoa tulteca chichimeca. In otomj no mjtoa, chichi[meca,]
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"541a5a19-f911-45aa-a4cc-96be3ffa9e0b","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"they went to live; all returned from Chichimeca land. But the name of the place is not Chichimeca land; the name of the place is only the desert lands, the house of darts,[^98] the north. It is only named Chichimeca land because there live the Chichimeca who eat [and] drink from hunting. It is said the Mexica called themselves Chichimeca, [but properly] it is said they called themselves Atlaca Chichimeca.[^99]\n\nThe different Nahua peoples also are called Chichimeca, because they returned from the Chichimeca land, they returned from the so-called Chicomoztoc. They are the Tepaneca, the Acolhuaque, the Chalca; the people from the hot lands, the Tlalhuica, the Couixca; those beyond [the mountains], the Uexotzinca, the Tlaxcalteca; and still other Nahua peoples. They also go bearing their equipment, the arrow, the spear.\n\nThe Tolteca are also called Chichimeca; they are called Tolteca Chichimeca. The Otomí are also called \n\n\n\n\n[^98]: Corresponding Spanish text: *”aunque a la verdad no se llaman tierras de chichimecas, por donde ellos anduujeron, sino teotlalpan, tlacochcalco mjctlampa, q̃ qujere dezir: campos llanos, y espaciosos, que estan hazia el norte.”*\n\n\n[^99]: Literally, “Chichimeca who live on the water.” The corresponding Spanish text reads: *”pescadores, que vinjeron de lexas tierras.”*","html":"they went to live; all returned from Chichimeca land. But the name of the place is not Chichimeca land; the name of the place is only the desert lands, the house of darts,1 the north. It is only named Chichimeca land because there live the Chichimeca who eat [and] drink from hunting. It is said the Mexica called themselves Chichimeca, [but properly] it is said they called themselves Atlaca Chichimeca.2
\nThe different Nahua peoples also are called Chichimeca, because they returned from the Chichimeca land, they returned from the so-called Chicomoztoc. They are the Tepaneca, the Acolhuaque, the Chalca; the people from the hot lands, the Tlalhuica, the Couixca; those beyond [the mountains], the Uexotzinca, the Tlaxcalteca; and still other Nahua peoples. They also go bearing their equipment, the arrow, the spear.
\nThe Tolteca are also called Chichimeca; they are called Tolteca Chichimeca. The Otomí are also called
\nCorresponding Spanish text: ”aunque a la verdad no se llaman tierras de chichimecas, por donde ellos anduujeron, sino teotlalpan, tlacochcalco mjctlampa, q̃ qujere dezir: campos llanos, y espaciosos, que estan hazia el norte.”↩
Literally, “Chichimeca who live on the water.” The corresponding Spanish text reads: ”pescadores, que vinjeron de lexas tierras.”↩