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la gente"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas.","book_number":"10","total_folios":315,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"ed34af49-8f12-4574-9ece-ba37432dd3de","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"[fue]ra en todas, y perseverara hasta agora; ya casi está imposibilitado de remediarse.\n\nFueron grandes los trabajos y perplexidades que tuvimos a los principios para casar a los baptizados y que tenían muchas mujeres, para darles aquellas que el derecho manda que tomen; porque para examinar los parentescos y saber cuál fue la primera, para dársela, nos vimos en un laberinto de gran dificultad, porque ellos mentían en decir cuál fuese la primera, y hacían embustes para casarse con aquellas que ellos tenían mas afectión. Y para saber con cuál habían hecho la cerimonia que usaban cuando tomaban mujer legítima, fue necesario revolver y saber muchas cerimonias y ritus idolátricos de su infidelidad. Y como sabíamos poca lengua, casi nunca bien caímos en la cuenta como agora lo habemos entendido. Cerca de los otros sacramentos, como fue el de la confesión y comunión, ha habido tanta dificultad en ponerlos en el camino derecho dellos, que aún agora hay muy pocos que vayan vía recta a recebir estos sacramentos, lo cual nos da gran fatiga y mucho conocimiento de lo poco que han aprovechado en el cristianismo.","html":"<p>[fue]ra en todas, y perseverara hasta agora; ya casi está imposibilitado de remediarse.</p>\n<p>Fueron grandes los trabajos y perplexidades que tuvimos a los principios para casar a los baptizados y que tenían muchas mujeres, para darles aquellas que el derecho manda que tomen; porque para examinar los parentescos y saber cuál fue la primera, para dársela, nos vimos en un laberinto de gran dificultad, porque ellos mentían en decir cuál fuese la primera, y hacían embustes para casarse con aquellas que ellos tenían mas afectión. Y para saber con cuál habían hecho la cerimonia que usaban cuando tomaban mujer legítima, fue necesario revolver y saber muchas cerimonias y ritus idolátricos de su infidelidad. Y como sabíamos poca lengua, casi nunca bien caímos en la cuenta como agora lo habemos entendido. Cerca de los otros sacramentos, como fue el de la confesión y comunión, ha habido tanta dificultad en ponerlos en el camino derecho dellos, que aún agora hay muy pocos que vayan vía recta a recebir estos sacramentos, lo cual nos da gran fatiga y mucho conocimiento de lo poco que han aprovechado en el cristianismo.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"0fee21a7-f471-474f-a8d4-2bf3f933e7a4","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"as it was in a few places and would continue on today. Now it is almost impossible to rectify.\n\nIn the beginning, we had great troubles and perplexities in marrying the men who had been baptized and who had many women, [and] in giving them the women whom the law requires them to take. For, when examining their kinship relations in order to learn which [of the women] had been the first, so as to give her to him, we found ourselves in a labyrinth of great difficulty because they would lie when telling us which one had been the first, and they would cheat in order to marry the women whom they loved the most. And in order to find out with which woman they had performed the ceremony that they practiced when they took a legitimate wife, it was necessary to investigate and learn about many idolatrous ceremonies and rituals from the time of their unfaithfulness. And since we knew little of their language, we almost never got it right, as we have now learned. Regarding the other sacraments, such as confession and Communion, there was such difficulty in setting them on the straight path toward them that even now there are very few of them who follow the right way to receive these sacraments, which causes us a great deal of weariness and much awareness of how little progress they have made in Christianity.","html":"<p>as it was in a few places and would continue on today. Now it is almost impossible to rectify.</p>\n<p>In the beginning, we had great troubles and perplexities in marrying the men who had been baptized and who had many women, [and] in giving them the women whom the law requires them to take. For, when examining their kinship relations in order to learn which [of the women] had been the first, so as to give her to him, we found ourselves in a labyrinth of great difficulty because they would lie when telling us which one had been the first, and they would cheat in order to marry the women whom they loved the most. And in order to find out with which woman they had performed the ceremony that they practiced when they took a legitimate wife, it was necessary to investigate and learn about many idolatrous ceremonies and rituals from the time of their unfaithfulness. And since we knew little of their language, we almost never got it right, as we have now learned. Regarding the other sacraments, such as confession and Communion, there was such difficulty in setting them on the straight path toward them that even now there are very few of them who follow the right way to receive these sacraments, which causes us a great deal of weariness and much awareness of how little progress they have made in Christianity.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}},{"id":"eb732707-dcde-43f5-ac20-90ce0f39ac2f","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"everywhere as it was in a few places, and if it had persisted until today. Now it is almost hopeless to correct. \n\nGreat were the labors and perplexities we had in the beginning in marrying those who were baptized and who had many women, so as to give them those whom the law requires them to take; for in investigating the relationships and knowing which was the first, in order to give her to him, we found ourselves in a labyrinth of great difficulty, for they lied in saying which was the first, and they committed fraud in order to marry those for whom they had greater affection. And, to know with whom they had performed the ceremony which they practiced when they took a legitimate wife, it was necessary to review and understand many idolatrous ceremonies and rituals of the time of their unbelief. And as we knew little of the language, hardly ever did we gain the insight as we have now learned it.\n\nRegarding the other Sacraments such as confession and communion, there has been so much difficulty in placing them on their right course that even now there are very few who proceed the correct way to receive these Sacraments, which brings us much weariness and much awareness of the little they have availed themselves of Christianity.","html":"<p>everywhere as it was in a few places, and if it had persisted until today. Now it is almost hopeless to correct.</p>\n<p>Great were the labors and perplexities we had in the beginning in marrying those who were baptized and who had many women, so as to give them those whom the law requires them to take; for in investigating the relationships and knowing which was the first, in order to give her to him, we found ourselves in a labyrinth of great difficulty, for they lied in saying which was the first, and they committed fraud in order to marry those for whom they had greater affection. And, to know with whom they had performed the ceremony which they practiced when they took a legitimate wife, it was necessary to review and understand many idolatrous ceremonies and rituals of the time of their unbelief. And as we knew little of the language, hardly ever did we gain the insight as we have now learned it.</p>\n<p>Regarding the other Sacraments such as confession and communion, there has been so much difficulty in placing them on their right course that even now there are very few who proceed the correct way to receive these Sacraments, which brings us much weariness and much awareness of the little they have availed themselves of Christianity.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_spanish_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"01800562-990e-4cc2-b848-058902bfe3fd","choice":{"en":["Spanish by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"fuera en todas, y perseuerara hasta agora, ya casi esta imposibilitado de remediarse.\n\nfueron grãdes los trabajos, y perplexidades que tuujmos a los principios, para casar a los baptizados; y que tenjã muchas mugeres, para darles aquellas, que el derecho manda que tomen, porque para examjnar los parentescos, y saber qual fue la primera, para darsela: nos vimos en vn laberinto de gran difficultad, porque ellos mentian en dezir qual fuesse la primera, y hazian embustes para casarse con aquellas que ellos tenjan mas affection y para saber con qual avian hecho la cerimonja, que vsauã quando tomavan muger legitima: fue necesario reboluer, y saber muchas cerimonjas, y ritus idolatricos de su infidelidad, y como sabiamos poca lengua, casi nunca bien caymos en la cuenta, como agora lo auemos entendido. \n\nCerca de los otros sacramentos, como fue el de la confession, y comunjon ha avido tanta dificultad, en ponerlos en el camjno derecho dellos, que aun agora ay muy pocos, que vayan via recta a recibir estos sacramẽtos, lo qual nos da gran fatiga, y mucho conocimjento de lo poco que han aprouechado en el christianjsmo.","html":"<p>fuera en todas, y perseuerara hasta agora, ya casi esta imposibilitado de remediarse.</p>\n<p>fueron grãdes los trabajos, y perplexidades que tuujmos a los principios, para casar a los baptizados; y que tenjã muchas mugeres, para darles aquellas, que el derecho manda que tomen, porque para examjnar los parentescos, y saber qual fue la primera, para darsela: nos vimos en vn laberinto de gran difficultad, porque ellos mentian en dezir qual fuesse la primera, y hazian embustes para casarse con aquellas que ellos tenjan mas affection y para saber con qual avian hecho la cerimonja, que vsauã quando tomavan muger legitima: fue necesario reboluer, y saber muchas cerimonjas, y ritus idolatricos de su infidelidad, y como sabiamos poca lengua, casi nunca bien caymos en la cuenta, como agora lo auemos entendido.</p>\n<p>Cerca de los otros sacramentos, como fue el de la confession, y comunjon ha avido tanta dificultad, en ponerlos en el camjno derecho dellos, que aun agora ay muy pocos, que vayan via recta a recibir estos sacramẽtos, lo qual nos da gran fatiga, y mucho conocimjento de lo poco que han aprouechado en el christianjsmo.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"542c04e9-4e4f-492a-814e-420558cf33ba","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"tocamachalacaliuhca, \nnacatl \nacaltic, \nacaliuhqui, \noacaltic, \ncacaliui.\n\n##### Camachaloacaliuhiantli: \ntocamachaloacal, \ntocamachaloacaliuhia, \nnacaio, totochtic, \ncamachalli, \noacaltic, \noacaliuhqui, \noaqui, \nnacaio, totochaui, \noacaliui.\n\n##### Tentli: \ntote, \niamanqui, \nchichiltic, \ntlatlactic, \nchileoatic, \niztaleoac, \niaiactic, \niaiauhqui, \ntilaoac, \nacazoatic, \ncanaoac, \ncanaoa, \ntilaoac, \niztaleoa, \nchichiliui, \npapatlaca \nuiuiioca, \nquimati in tlatolli, in ihiutl, \ntlalpitza, \ntlapitza, \ntlepitza \nnictentzôtzona, \nnictenuitenqui, \nnictētzaqua, \nitenco nicalaoa, \nitenco nicchioa, \nnicteca.\n\n##### Camatl: \ntocama, \ncoionqui, \nquiquiztic, \ncoiaoac, \ntlaqualoia, \ntotlaquaia, \ntlaceliloia, \nvncã motzaqua \nvncan motlalia in tlaqualli, inic moqua, inic mocuechoa, \nvnca mocontema, \nvncan caoani, \nvncan caquizti, in ihiiutl, in tlatolli, \ntlaqua, \ntlacampaxoa, \ntlâtoa, \ncuica.","html":"<p>tocamachalacaliuhca,\nnacatl\nacaltic,\nacaliuhqui,\noacaltic,\ncacaliui.</p>\n<h5>Camachaloacaliuhiantli:</h5>\n<p>tocamachaloacal,\ntocamachaloacaliuhia,\nnacaio, totochtic,\ncamachalli,\noacaltic,\noacaliuhqui,\noaqui,\nnacaio, totochaui,\noacaliui.</p>\n<h5>Tentli:</h5>\n<p>tote,\niamanqui,\nchichiltic,\ntlatlactic,\nchileoatic,\niztaleoac,\niaiactic,\niaiauhqui,\ntilaoac,\nacazoatic,\ncanaoac,\ncanaoa,\ntilaoac,\niztaleoa,\nchichiliui,\npapatlaca\nuiuiioca,\nquimati in tlatolli, in ihiutl,\ntlalpitza,\ntlapitza,\ntlepitza\nnictentzôtzona,\nnictenuitenqui,\nnictētzaqua,\nitenco nicalaoa,\nitenco nicchioa,\nnicteca.</p>\n<h5>Camatl:</h5>\n<p>tocama,\ncoionqui,\nquiquiztic,\ncoiaoac,\ntlaqualoia,\ntotlaquaia,\ntlaceliloia,\nvncã motzaqua\nvncan motlalia in tlaqualli, inic moqua, inic mocuechoa,\nvnca mocontema,\nvncan caoani,\nvncan caquizti, in ihiiutl, in tlatolli,\ntlaqua,\ntlacampaxoa,\ntlâtoa,\ncuica.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"88677766-a176-44b9-9a52-aabd3de69ef8","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"grooved part of our lower jaw\nflesh \ngrooved \ngrooved \nconcave \nit becomes hollow[^5] \n\n##### Concave part of the lower jaw[^6] \nconcave part of our lower jaw\nconcave part of our lower jaw\nof sparse flesh\njawbone\nhollowed\nhollowed\nthin\nit becomes sparsely fleshed \nit becomes hollowed \n\n##### Lip \nour lip \nsoft \nchili-red \nruddy \nchili-red colored \npale \nswarthy \nswarthy \nthick \nlike a reed leaf \nthin\nit becomes thin \nthick\nit becomes pale\nit becomes chili-red \nit quivers\nit trembles\nit controls the word, the breath\nit blows\nit blows a trumpet\nit blows the fire\nI beat him on the lips\nI strike him on the lips\nI silence him\nI put unguent on his lips \nI paint his lips[^7] \nI spread it on him \n\n##### Mouth\nour mouth\nhole\nlike a passage way \nwide\nplace for eating\nour place for eating \nplace for receiving \nthere it is closed\nthere is placed the food in order to eat [it], in order to chew [it]\nthere it is filled\nthere [is the place where food is] left\nthere, [there is] sound, discourse \nit eats[^8] \nit bites \nit talks \nit sings\n\n\n\n\n[^5]: Read *oacaliui*.\n\n\n[^6]: von Gall, *loc. cit.: Kaumuskeln (?)*.\n\n\n[^7]: *Acad. Hist. MS: nichiva;* read *ni-ichiua*.\n\n\n[^8]: *Ibid.: nêmatcatlaqua* follows *tlaqua*.","html":"<p>grooved part of our lower jaw\nflesh\ngrooved\ngrooved\nconcave\nit becomes hollow<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></p>\n<h5>Concave part of the lower jaw<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup></h5>\n<p>concave part of our lower jaw\nconcave part of our lower jaw\nof sparse flesh\njawbone\nhollowed\nhollowed\nthin\nit becomes sparsely fleshed\nit becomes hollowed</p>\n<h5>Lip</h5>\n<p>our lip\nsoft\nchili-red\nruddy\nchili-red colored\npale\nswarthy\nswarthy\nthick\nlike a reed leaf\nthin\nit becomes thin\nthick\nit becomes pale\nit becomes chili-red\nit quivers\nit trembles\nit controls the word, the breath\nit blows\nit blows a trumpet\nit blows the fire\nI beat him on the lips\nI strike him on the lips\nI silence him\nI put unguent on his lips\nI paint his lips<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup>\nI spread it on him</p>\n<h5>Mouth</h5>\n<p>our mouth\nhole\nlike a passage way\nwide\nplace for eating\nour place for eating\nplace for receiving\nthere it is closed\nthere is placed the food in order to eat [it], in order to chew [it]\nthere it is filled\nthere [is the place where food is] left\nthere, [there is] sound, discourse\nit eats<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-4\"><a href=\"#fn-4\">4</a></sup>\nit bites\nit talks\nit sings</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Read <em>oacaliui</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>von Gall, <em>loc. cit.: Kaumuskeln (?)</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p><em>Acad. Hist. MS: nichiva;</em> read <em>ni-ichiua</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-4\"><p><em>Ibid.: nêmatcatlaqua</em> follows <em>tlaqua</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-4\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"76v"}