la cabeza se han de poner estos remedios, que son: poner una poca de cal mezclada con la yerba del piciete, y que sea en cantidad; o abrillas a manera de cruz y sacar la materia de las dichas postemas, y lavarse con orines, y después poner una bilma de ocotzote o de oxite con su pluma.
\nContra los continuos dolores de la cabeza usaremos destos remedios: oler cierta yerba llamada ecuxo, o la yerba del piciete, siendo verde, y apretarse la cabeza con un paño, y sahumarse con algunos sahumerios; y si se empeoraren, se molerá cierta yerba nombrada zozoyátic; y oler los polvos della, de suerte que entren en las narices, y si crecieren los dichos dolores tomarás y mezclaráslos con una poca de agua, y echarás ciertas gotas en las narices; y si con esto no se acabare el dolor, se ha de tomar una punta de navaja de la tierra y punzar la cabeza o sangrarse della.
\nContra las heridas y descalabraduras de la cabeza el remedio es que se han de lavar con orines y sacarse zumo de la penca del maguey, y cocido ponerse en la herida. Y viendo que la herida cría materia, será necesario moler la hoja de la yerba que se llama en la lengua mexicana chipili, o de la yerba llamada toloa, y mezclarla con la clara de huevo, y ponerla encima de la herida. Y si viéramos que el casco está quebrado, tomarás un huesecito sutil y juntarás el casco uno con otro, y pondrás encima el zumo de la penca del maguey cocido o crudo.
\nContra la dolencia y enfermedad de oídos, cuando sale mate[ria,]
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"c1c45ce1-f6bb-4289-ac04-c6844414a0ab","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"on the head, these remedies should be applied: that is, put a little quicklime mixed with a considerable amount of the herb _piciete_ [on the head]; or open [the scabs] in the shape of a cross and extract the matter from these abscesses; and wash oneself with urine and then apply with a feather a poultice of _ocotzote_ or _oxite_.[^121]\n\nFor persistent headaches, we will use these remedies: smell a certain herb called _ecuxo_ or the _piciete_ herb when it is still green, tie the head tightly with a cloth, and incense oneself with some incense burners. And if the [headaches] should get worse, one will grind a certain herb called _zozoyatic_ and smell its powders in such a way that they enter the nostrils. And if these pains should increase, you will take these [ingredients], mix them with a little water, and administer some drops in the nostrils; and if this does not stop the pain, one will take the tip of a native [obsidian] blade and pierce or bleed one’s head with it.\n\nFor head wounds or fractures, the remedy is that [the wound] should be washed with urine, sap [should be] extracted from the maguey leaf, and once it is cooked, applied to the wound. And if we notice that the wound is festering with pus, it will be necessary to grind the leaf of the herb that in the Mexican language is called _chipilin_ or of the herb called _toloa_, mix it with egg white, and apply it over the wound. And if we should notice that the skull is broken, you will take a tiny, thin bone, join it together with the skull, and put on top of it the sap of the maguey leaf, either cooked or raw.\n\nFor the ailment and sickness of the ears, when matter comes out \n\n\n[^121]: “And then apply . . . _oxite_”: _y después poner una bilma de ocotzote of de oxite con su pluma_. The meaning is unclear, as it may mean that a feather was added to the poultice, though that is unlikely. _Ocotzote_: Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl word _ocotzotl_ (pine resin); _oxite_: Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl word _oxitl_ (medicinal resin, unguent; perhaps made of the yellow pine resin called _axin_, mentioned elsewhere).","html":"on the head, these remedies should be applied: that is, put a little quicklime mixed with a considerable amount of the herb piciete [on the head]; or open [the scabs] in the shape of a cross and extract the matter from these abscesses; and wash oneself with urine and then apply with a feather a poultice of ocotzote or oxite.1
\nFor persistent headaches, we will use these remedies: smell a certain herb called ecuxo or the piciete herb when it is still green, tie the head tightly with a cloth, and incense oneself with some incense burners. And if the [headaches] should get worse, one will grind a certain herb called zozoyatic and smell its powders in such a way that they enter the nostrils. And if these pains should increase, you will take these [ingredients], mix them with a little water, and administer some drops in the nostrils; and if this does not stop the pain, one will take the tip of a native [obsidian] blade and pierce or bleed one’s head with it.
\nFor head wounds or fractures, the remedy is that [the wound] should be washed with urine, sap [should be] extracted from the maguey leaf, and once it is cooked, applied to the wound. And if we notice that the wound is festering with pus, it will be necessary to grind the leaf of the herb that in the Mexican language is called chipilin or of the herb called toloa, mix it with egg white, and apply it over the wound. And if we should notice that the skull is broken, you will take a tiny, thin bone, join it together with the skull, and put on top of it the sap of the maguey leaf, either cooked or raw.
\nFor the ailment and sickness of the ears, when matter comes out
\n“And then apply . . . oxite”: y después poner una bilma de ocotzote of de oxite con su pluma. The meaning is unclear, as it may mean that a feather was added to the poultice, though that is unlikely. Ocotzote: Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl word ocotzotl (pine resin); oxite: Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl word oxitl (medicinal resin, unguent; perhaps made of the yellow pine resin called axin, mentioned elsewhere).↩
[tenex]tli picieio onmopalteuhteca, ic iloti, in aueli motequj mopapalotequj oalqujça, oalvetzi in palanquj: njman axixtica mopaca ca oxitl ic mopotonja in çatepan ocotzotica in mopotonja.
\nipaio mjnecuj xivitl itoca ecuxo, anoço picietl mjnecuj, vel moquaqujmjloz, vel moquailpiz: ioan nepopochviliztli: auh intla tlanavi mocoxonjz in jtoca çoçoiatic onmjnecujz, in totoca onmochichipinjz in toiacac in otitlanauhque aocmo qujmati in toiac ic monequj neitzaoaviliztli nepa xotlaliztli, neitzmjnaliztli.
\nin çan tzaianj quaxicalli axixtica mopaca, meolli onmotlalia: auh in ie ixpalanj chipili onmotlalia totolteio, anoço achiton toloa ixiuhio totolteio, intla onpeti omjtica motlamanjlia, meoltica motzaqua, anoço mexoxouhquj mjchiquj onmotlatlalia.
\nipaio coioxochitl, chillo iamanquj õmo[chipinia]
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"393b8445-db47-4c74-9c65-a57db1824c1e","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"Lime with small tobacco[^14] is spread on in quantity; with this they may abate. If this should fail, [the abscess] is cut in the form of a cross; the pus comes out; it exudes. Then it is washed with urine.[^15] A turpentine ointment is applied as a poultice; later a poultice[^16] is made with pine resin.[^17]\n\n##### Headache\n\nIts cure is to inhale an herb named *ecuxo*,[^18] or to inhale [green] small tobacco. The head is to be well covered, well wrapped, and the exposing to incense [may follow]. And if it becomes worse, an herb named *çoçoyatic*,[^19] which is dried and pulverized, is to be inhaled. If [the ache] should increase, [the pulverized herb] is applied in drops in the nose. If it has worsened, if the nose [treatment] no longer helps, the use of an obsidian point, of incising,[^20] of bleeding there [on the head] is necessary.\n\n##### Broken skull, skull wound\n\nIf the skull is only wounded, it is washed with urine. [Cooked] maguey leaf sap is applied. And if it is festered on the surface, [powdered] *chipili* leaves with [the white of] an egg are applied, or a few *toloa*[^21] leaves with [the white of] an egg. If [the skull] is broken, [the break] is joined with a bone awl; it is covered with maguey sap, or a grated green maguey leaf is applied.\n\n##### Infected ear\n\nIts cure is to apply drops of tepid *coyoxochitl* sap with chili \n\n\n\n\n[^14]: *Nicotiana rustica* L. (*ibid*., p. 259); Hernández, *op. cit*., I, p. 245, (*tabaco pequeño*).\n\n\n[^15]: *Acad. Hist. MS* omits *ca*.\n\n\n[^16]: Corresponding Spanish text: *”vna bilma de ocotzote, o de oxite, con su pluma.”*\n\n\n[^17]: The translation of *ocotzotl* is problematic; two different materials are mentioned, both resinous and both with medicinal properties. For *ocotzotl*, Molina, *op. cit*., gives *resina de pino o trementina*. According to Standley, *op. cit*., Pt. 2, p. 317, it is a resin or balsam of the *Liquidambar styraciflua* L.; speaking of *Pinus teocote* Schlecht. & Cham. Linnaea, he states (p. 56): “The tree produces turpentine (*’ocotzol,’ ‘trementina de pino,’ ‘trementina de ocote’*) which is used in medicine as a balsamic stimulant, and for other purposes for which turpentine is generally employed.” Sahagún consistently translates *ocotzotl* as pine resin and *xochiocotzotl* as liquidambar.\n\n\n[^18]: In the *Acad. Hist. MS, ecuxo* is crossed out and replaced by *ecuchoton*, which Emmart, *op. cit*., p. 227, calls “sneeze-plant.” See also Molina, *op. cit*., under *estornudar*.\n\n\n[^19]: *Veratrum sabadilla, V. frigidum,* or *Stenanthium frigidum* (Schlecht. et Cham.) Kunth.; or of the genus *Zygadenus* or *Schoenocaulon* (Hernández, *op. cit*. III, pp. 855*sqq*.); as a sneeze-medicine, it is probably of the genus *Veratrum*.\n\n\n[^20]: Read *xoxotlaliztli*.\n\n\n[^21]: *Toloa: Datura* sp. (Emmart, *op. cit.* p. 253).","html":"Lime with small tobacco1 is spread on in quantity; with this they may abate. If this should fail, [the abscess] is cut in the form of a cross; the pus comes out; it exudes. Then it is washed with urine.2 A turpentine ointment is applied as a poultice; later a poultice3 is made with pine resin.4
\nIts cure is to inhale an herb named ecuxo,5 or to inhale [green] small tobacco. The head is to be well covered, well wrapped, and the exposing to incense [may follow]. And if it becomes worse, an herb named çoçoyatic,6 which is dried and pulverized, is to be inhaled. If [the ache] should increase, [the pulverized herb] is applied in drops in the nose. If it has worsened, if the nose [treatment] no longer helps, the use of an obsidian point, of incising,7 of bleeding there [on the head] is necessary.
\nIf the skull is only wounded, it is washed with urine. [Cooked] maguey leaf sap is applied. And if it is festered on the surface, [powdered] chipili leaves with [the white of] an egg are applied, or a few toloa8 leaves with [the white of] an egg. If [the skull] is broken, [the break] is joined with a bone awl; it is covered with maguey sap, or a grated green maguey leaf is applied.
\nIts cure is to apply drops of tepid coyoxochitl sap with chili
\nNicotiana rustica L. (ibid., p. 259); Hernández, op. cit., I, p. 245, (tabaco pequeño).↩
Acad. Hist. MS omits ca.↩
Corresponding Spanish text: ”vna bilma de ocotzote, o de oxite, con su pluma.”↩
The translation of ocotzotl is problematic; two different materials are mentioned, both resinous and both with medicinal properties. For ocotzotl, Molina, op. cit., gives resina de pino o trementina. According to Standley, op. cit., Pt. 2, p. 317, it is a resin or balsam of the Liquidambar styraciflua L.; speaking of Pinus teocote Schlecht. & Cham. Linnaea, he states (p. 56): “The tree produces turpentine (’ocotzol,’ ‘trementina de pino,’ ‘trementina de ocote’) which is used in medicine as a balsamic stimulant, and for other purposes for which turpentine is generally employed.” Sahagún consistently translates ocotzotl as pine resin and xochiocotzotl as liquidambar.↩
In the Acad. Hist. MS, ecuxo is crossed out and replaced by ecuchoton, which Emmart, op. cit., p. 227, calls “sneeze-plant.” See also Molina, op. cit., under estornudar.↩
Veratrum sabadilla, V. frigidum, or Stenanthium frigidum (Schlecht. et Cham.) Kunth.; or of the genus Zygadenus or Schoenocaulon (Hernández, op. cit. III, pp. 855sqq.); as a sneeze-medicine, it is probably of the genus Veratrum.↩
Read xoxotlaliztli.↩
Toloa: Datura sp. (Emmart, op. cit. p. 253).↩