Imprime reverencia en los que le ven. La persona generosa mal acondicionada es insufrible; es temerosa; quiere ser temida y reverenciada; imprime temblor y espanto; es alborotador de los suyos. Este nombre tlácatl quiere decir persona noble, generosa o magnífica. Y su compuesto, que es atlácatl, es contradictorio: significa persona vil de baxa suerte. Y los compuestos de tlácatl que se componen con nombres numerales, significan persona común, como diciendo cetlácatl, "una persona hombre o mujer"; umetlácatl, "dos personas hombres o mujeres"; y diciendo cuix tlácatl, quiere decir "es persona vil y de baxa suerte", y cuando dicen ca cenca tlácatl, quiere decir "es persona muy de bien", "es muy noble o muy generosa".
\nLas excelentias del señor rey o emperador, obispo o papa, pónense por vía de metáfora: cehuallo ecauhyo quiere decir "cosa que hace sombra", porque el mayor ha de hacer sombra a sus súbditos; malacayo, "cosa que tiene gran circuito, en hacer sombra", porque el mayor ha de amparar a todos, chicos y grandes; púchotl es un árbol que hace gran sombra y tiene muchas ramas; ahuéhuetl es de la misma manera, porque el señor ha de ser semejante a estos árboles, donde todos sus súditos se amparen. El mayor ha de ser reverenciable, espantable, preciado y temido de todos. El mayor que hace bien su oficio ha de llevar a sus súditos unos a cuestas, otros en el regazo, otros en brazo. Halos de allegar y tener debaxo de sus alas, como la gallina a los pollos.
\nEl senador tiene estas propriedades, conviene a saber: ser juez y saber bien averiguar los pleitos; ser respectado,
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"23e47dbe-888f-4c34-abe8-29a051955259","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"He instills reverence in those who see him. An ill-bred noble person is insufferable and frightful: he wants to be feared and revered; he provokes trembling and fear; he agitates his own people. This word _tlacatl_ means “noble, wellborn, or magnificent person.” And its compound, which is _atlacatl_, is the opposite: it means “a vile person of low condition.” And the compounds of _tlacatl_ that are composed with words indicating numerals mean “a common person,” as when saying _cetlacatl_, “one male or female person”; _ometlacatl_, “two male or female people.” And saying _cuix tlacatl_ means, “He is a vile person of low condition”; and when they say _ca cenca tlacatl_, it means, “He is a very good person,” “He is very noble” or “very wellborn.”\n\nTheuayaencies of the lord king, emperor, bishop, or pope are conveyed by means of metaphors: _cehuallo ecauhyo_ means “a thing that gives shade,” because the highest one should provide shade for his subjects; _malacayo_, “a thing that has a large circumference as it provides shade,” because the highest one should protect everyone, big or small. _Pochotl_ is a tree that provides a large shade and has many branches; it is the same with _ahuehuetl_, because the lord must be similar to these trees, under which all his subjects may find shelter. The highest one must be worthy of reverence, worthy of fear, valued, and feared by all. The highest one who performs his job well will carry his subjects: some on his back, some in his lap, others in his arms. He will keep them close and under his wings, like the hen with her chicks.\n\nThe senator has these characteristics: that is, being a judge and knowing how to deliberate the lawsuits well; being respected,","html":"He instills reverence in those who see him. An ill-bred noble person is insufferable and frightful: he wants to be feared and revered; he provokes trembling and fear; he agitates his own people. This word tlacatl means “noble, wellborn, or magnificent person.” And its compound, which is atlacatl, is the opposite: it means “a vile person of low condition.” And the compounds of tlacatl that are composed with words indicating numerals mean “a common person,” as when saying cetlacatl, “one male or female person”; ometlacatl, “two male or female people.” And saying cuix tlacatl means, “He is a vile person of low condition”; and when they say ca cenca tlacatl, it means, “He is a very good person,” “He is very noble” or “very wellborn.”
\nTheuayaencies of the lord king, emperor, bishop, or pope are conveyed by means of metaphors: cehuallo ecauhyo means “a thing that gives shade,” because the highest one should provide shade for his subjects; malacayo, “a thing that has a large circumference as it provides shade,” because the highest one should protect everyone, big or small. Pochotl is a tree that provides a large shade and has many branches; it is the same with ahuehuetl, because the lord must be similar to these trees, under which all his subjects may find shelter. The highest one must be worthy of reverence, worthy of fear, valued, and feared by all. The highest one who performs his job well will carry his subjects: some on his back, some in his lap, others in his arms. He will keep them close and under his wings, like the hen with her chicks.
\nThe senator has these characteristics: that is, being a judge and knowing how to deliberate the lawsuits well; being respected,
\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"4f1d62fc-7dfc-4f3b-863d-3c69a405b429","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"tlaiçauia, mauiztli quiteca comontli quitlaça\n\n##### Tlatoani:\n\nin tlatoani ceoallo hecauhio, malacaio, puchotl, aueuetl, tequaio, imacaxio, tleio, mauizio, teio, tocaiô.\nIn qualli tlatoani, cuexane, teputze, macoche, temacochoani, tecentlaliani, teololoani, tlatocati, tlatqui, tlamama, tecuexanoa temacochoa, tlapachoa, tlacamacho, iceoallotitlan, yiecauhiotitlan necalaquilo teuiuiti, tepatilloti.\n\nIn tlaueliloc tlatoani, tequani tzitzimitl, coleletli ocelutl, cuitlachtli machoni, tlalcauiloni, yixpãpaieooani telchioaloni, hatle ipan ittoni, iollococole, ixcococ, ixtleio tlamamauhtia, tlalli quitetecuinia mauiztli quiteca, mauiztli quitlaça miquitlano\n\n##### Tecutli.\n\nJn tecutli tlatzontequini tlatzontecqui, tlatlaliani, tetlatlaliliani, haquequelli, ixtleio, ixtequaio, teixmauhti, ihiio.\n\nIn qualli tecutli melaoac, mecoc tlacaquini, necoc tlatlachiani, nouiãpa tlacaquini, melaoacatlatzontequini, tenepantla quiçani, amo teixittani, aiac quima[caci,]","html":"tlaiçauia, mauiztli quiteca comontli quitlaça
\nin tlatoani ceoallo hecauhio, malacaio, puchotl, aueuetl, tequaio, imacaxio, tleio, mauizio, teio, tocaiô.\nIn qualli tlatoani, cuexane, teputze, macoche, temacochoani, tecentlaliani, teololoani, tlatocati, tlatqui, tlamama, tecuexanoa temacochoa, tlapachoa, tlacamacho, iceoallotitlan, yiecauhiotitlan necalaquilo teuiuiti, tepatilloti.
\nIn tlaueliloc tlatoani, tequani tzitzimitl, coleletli ocelutl, cuitlachtli machoni, tlalcauiloni, yixpãpaieooani telchioaloni, hatle ipan ittoni, iollococole, ixcococ, ixtleio tlamamauhtia, tlalli quitetecuinia mauiztli quiteca, mauiztli quitlaça miquitlano
\nJn tecutli tlatzontequini tlatzontecqui, tlatlaliani, tetlatlaliliani, haquequelli, ixtleio, ixtequaio, teixmauhti, ihiio.
\nIn qualli tecutli melaoac, mecoc tlacaquini, necoc tlatlachiani, nouiãpa tlacaquini, melaoacatlatzontequini, tenepantla quiçani, amo teixittani, aiac quima[caci,]
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"a8d59680-7cbd-45e7-a4b5-c19c35d2f6be","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"causes fear and trembling, implants fright, causes a tumult.\n\n##### The ruler\n\nThe ruler [is] a shelter[^2]—fierce, revered, famous, esteemed; well reputed, renowned.\n\nThe good ruler [is] a protector; one who carries [his subjects] in his arms, who unites them, who brings them together. He rules, takes responsibilities, assumes burdens. He carries [his subjects] in his cape; he bears them in his arms. He governs; he is obeyed. [To him] as shelter, as refuge, there is recourse. He serves as proxy, as substitute.\n\nThe bad ruler [is] a wild beast, a demon of the air, a demon, an ocelot, a wolf—infamous, deserving of being left alone, avoided, detested as a respecter of nothing, savage, revolting. He terrifies with his gaze; he makes the earth rumble; he implants, he spreads fear. He is wished dead.\n\n##### The magistrate[^3]\n\nThe magistrate [is] a judge, a pronouncer of sentences, an establisher of ordinances, of statutes. [He is] dignified, fearless, courageous, reserved, stern-visaged.\n\nThe good magistrate [is] just: a hearer of both sides,[^4] an examiner of both sides, a listener to all factions, a passer of just sentences, a settler of quarrels, a shower of no favor. \n\n\n\n\n[^2]: *Ibid.: “las excellentias del señor Rey o emperador: obispo, o papa: ponense por uja de methaphora. ceoallo, hecauhio, qujere dezir, cosa que haze sombra: porque el mayor ha de hazer sombra a sus subditos: malacayo: cosa que tiene gran circujto, en hazer sombra, porque el mayor ha de amparar a todos chicos y grãdes. puchotl: es vn arbol que haze grã sombra y tiene muchas ramas. aueuetl es de la mjsma manera, porque el señor ha de ser semejante a estos arboles dõde todos sus suditos se amparẽ.”* Cf. also Olmos, *op. cit*., p. 211 (*Padre, madre, señor, capitan, gouernador que son o estan como arbol de amparo*).\n\n\n[^3]: *”El senador”* in corresponding Spanish text.\n\n\n[^4]: Read *necoc*.","html":"causes fear and trembling, implants fright, causes a tumult.
\nThe ruler [is] a shelter1—fierce, revered, famous, esteemed; well reputed, renowned.
\nThe good ruler [is] a protector; one who carries [his subjects] in his arms, who unites them, who brings them together. He rules, takes responsibilities, assumes burdens. He carries [his subjects] in his cape; he bears them in his arms. He governs; he is obeyed. [To him] as shelter, as refuge, there is recourse. He serves as proxy, as substitute.
\nThe bad ruler [is] a wild beast, a demon of the air, a demon, an ocelot, a wolf—infamous, deserving of being left alone, avoided, detested as a respecter of nothing, savage, revolting. He terrifies with his gaze; he makes the earth rumble; he implants, he spreads fear. He is wished dead.
\nThe magistrate [is] a judge, a pronouncer of sentences, an establisher of ordinances, of statutes. [He is] dignified, fearless, courageous, reserved, stern-visaged.
\nThe good magistrate [is] just: a hearer of both sides,3 an examiner of both sides, a listener to all factions, a passer of just sentences, a settler of quarrels, a shower of no favor.
\nIbid.: “las excellentias del señor Rey o emperador: obispo, o papa: ponense por uja de methaphora. ceoallo, hecauhio, qujere dezir, cosa que haze sombra: porque el mayor ha de hazer sombra a sus subditos: malacayo: cosa que tiene gran circujto, en hazer sombra, porque el mayor ha de amparar a todos chicos y grãdes. puchotl: es vn arbol que haze grã sombra y tiene muchas ramas. aueuetl es de la mjsma manera, porque el señor ha de ser semejante a estos arboles dõde todos sus suditos se amparẽ.” Cf. also Olmos, op. cit., p. 211 (Padre, madre, señor, capitan, gouernador que son o estan como arbol de amparo).↩
”El senador” in corresponding Spanish text.↩
Read necoc.↩