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Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"294d0c92-c19b-440f-a177-5701dc7ccf39","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"Hay otros árboles que se llaman _huitzcuáhuitl_. Son colorados y tienen con la madera dellos el _tochómitl_. Son del tamaño de duraznos. Estos árboles tienen hoja como los madroños.\n\nA la espesura de los árboles llaman _cuappotzalli_; quiere decir \"espesura de muchos árboles que están juntos\", y las ramas de los unos están entre los otros, y hacen la sombra escura.\n\nAdondestán los árboles ralos llaman _cuauhcayactli_, que quiere decir \"raleza de árboles\"; porque están apartados unos de otros, el campo está claro.\n\nEste nombre _cuáhuitl_ se toma por árbol verde, o que es pequeñuelo, que crece y se riega, o por árbol que ya está grande, o por árbol que ya es viejo.\n\nLlámase _cuáhuitl_ el que se traspone, el que nace de semilla cuando es ternecito, y cuando brota, y cuando ya crece, llámase _cuauhcónetl_ o _cuauhpilli_ o _cuauhcélic_.\n\n##### Propiedades de los árboles en nacer y crecer\n\nCuando ya es grande el árbol, llámase _iyolloco cuáhuitl_. Los árboles siémbranse y traspónense. Engruésanse. La semilla debaxo de la tierra humedécese, pudré[cese]","html":"<p>Hay otros árboles que se llaman <em>huitzcuáhuitl</em>. Son colorados y tienen con la madera dellos el <em>tochómitl</em>. Son del tamaño de duraznos. Estos árboles tienen hoja como los madroños.</p>\n<p>A la espesura de los árboles llaman <em>cuappotzalli</em>; quiere decir &quot;espesura de muchos árboles que están juntos&quot;, y las ramas de los unos están entre los otros, y hacen la sombra escura.</p>\n<p>Adondestán los árboles ralos llaman <em>cuauhcayactli</em>, que quiere decir &quot;raleza de árboles&quot;; porque están apartados unos de otros, el campo está claro.</p>\n<p>Este nombre <em>cuáhuitl</em> se toma por árbol verde, o que es pequeñuelo, que crece y se riega, o por árbol que ya está grande, o por árbol que ya es viejo.</p>\n<p>Llámase <em>cuáhuitl</em> el que se traspone, el que nace de semilla cuando es ternecito, y cuando brota, y cuando ya crece, llámase <em>cuauhcónetl</em> o <em>cuauhpilli</em> o <em>cuauhcélic</em>.</p>\n<h5>Propiedades de los árboles en nacer y crecer</h5>\n<p>Cuando ya es grande el árbol, llámase <em>iyolloco cuáhuitl</em>. Los árboles siémbranse y traspónense. Engruésanse. La semilla debaxo de la tierra humedécese, pudré[cese]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"2f868dfc-6c0e-43ad-9166-ac18bbd95671","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"There are other trees that are called _huitzcuahuitl_. They are red, and they use their wood to stretch out the _tochomitl_.[^61] They are the size of peach trees. These trees have leaves like the strawberry trees.\n\nThey call a thicket of trees _cuappotzalli_; it means “thicket of many trees that are together.” And the branches of some are intertwined with others, and they provide a dark shade.\n\nThey call the place where trees are sparse _cuauhcayactli_, which means “sparseness of trees,” because they are far away from each other, and the field is clear.\n\nThis name _cuahuitl_ is given to a green tree; or to one that is rather small, which grows and is watered; or to a tree that is already big; or to a tree that is already old.\n\nA [tree] that is transplanted, one that sprouts from a seed when it is tender, is called _cuahuitl_. And when it comes into leaf and is already growing, it is called _cuauhconetl_, _cuauhpilli_, or _cuauhcelic_.\n\n##### Characteristics of the trees as they sprout and grow\n\nWhen a tree is already big, it is called _iyolloco cuahuitl_. Trees are planted and transplanted. They grow thick. The seed gets wet and rots underground; \n\n\n[^61]: “And they use . . . _tochomitl_”: _y tienen con la madera dellos el tochómitl_. _Tochomitl_ means “rabbit fur.”","html":"<p>There are other trees that are called <em>huitzcuahuitl</em>. They are red, and they use their wood to stretch out the <em>tochomitl</em>.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> They are the size of peach trees. These trees have leaves like the strawberry trees.</p>\n<p>They call a thicket of trees <em>cuappotzalli</em>; it means “thicket of many trees that are together.” And the branches of some are intertwined with others, and they provide a dark shade.</p>\n<p>They call the place where trees are sparse <em>cuauhcayactli</em>, which means “sparseness of trees,” because they are far away from each other, and the field is clear.</p>\n<p>This name <em>cuahuitl</em> is given to a green tree; or to one that is rather small, which grows and is watered; or to a tree that is already big; or to a tree that is already old.</p>\n<p>A [tree] that is transplanted, one that sprouts from a seed when it is tender, is called <em>cuahuitl</em>. And when it comes into leaf and is already growing, it is called <em>cuauhconetl</em>, <em>cuauhpilli</em>, or <em>cuauhcelic</em>.</p>\n<h5>Characteristics of the trees as they sprout and grow</h5>\n<p>When a tree is already big, it is called <em>iyolloco cuahuitl</em>. Trees are planted and transplanted. They grow thick. The seed gets wet and rots underground;</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“And they use . . . <em>tochomitl</em>”: <em>y tienen con la madera dellos el tochómitl</em>. <em>Tochomitl</em> means “rabbit fur.”<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"1fab6249-208a-4260-b4f0-5ea21562cb63","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Vitzquavitl:\nchichiltic, tlapalonj, tlachichilolonj, tlatlapalqujxtia, tlachichiloa, tlapa, tlamaoa.\n\nQuappotzalli, tilaoac, mjec tlatlaiooa, tepeuhtimanj, moquequetztimanj, tlaiooatimanj, potzauhtimanj, iaoaliuhtimanj, poçontimanj, popoçõtimanj.\n\nQuauhcaiactli: caiaoac, tlatlaneztica, caiaoatimanj, cacaiaoatimanj, vevecamamanj nemjuhian.\n\nQuavitl itoca, in xoxovixticac: vapaoalonj, aqujlonj, tlalhujlonj: yiolloquavitl, omacic quavitl, ovevetic.\n\nQuavitl itoca, in toconj in aqujlonj, in ixoanj in achichilacachtianj, in itzmjqujltia, in ce yix, qujoalquetzanj, in moxoaltianj, in oapaoalonj in mananj, in quauhconetl, in quauhpilli, in quauhcelic in jiollocoquavitl: motoca, mopixoa, camaoa, ciaoa, poxcavi, monelhoaiotia, nelhoa[iova,]","html":"<h5>Vitzquavitl:</h5>\n<p>chichiltic, tlapalonj, tlachichilolonj, tlatlapalqujxtia, tlachichiloa, tlapa, tlamaoa.</p>\n<p>Quappotzalli, tilaoac, mjec tlatlaiooa, tepeuhtimanj, moquequetztimanj, tlaiooatimanj, potzauhtimanj, iaoaliuhtimanj, poçontimanj, popoçõtimanj.</p>\n<p>Quauhcaiactli: caiaoac, tlatlaneztica, caiaoatimanj, cacaiaoatimanj, vevecamamanj nemjuhian.</p>\n<p>Quavitl itoca, in xoxovixticac: vapaoalonj, aqujlonj, tlalhujlonj: yiolloquavitl, omacic quavitl, ovevetic.</p>\n<p>Quavitl itoca, in toconj in aqujlonj, in ixoanj in achichilacachtianj, in itzmjqujltia, in ce yix, qujoalquetzanj, in moxoaltianj, in oapaoalonj in mananj, in quauhconetl, in quauhpilli, in quauhcelic in jiollocoquavitl: motoca, mopixoa, camaoa, ciaoa, poxcavi, monelhoaiotia, nelhoa[iova,]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"f11fa40c-aeee-4fcb-87d3-f479186d2969","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Uitzquauitl[^22]\n\nIt is chili-red, a dye, a chili-red dye. It releases a color; it makes things chili-red; it dyes, stains things.\n\nMatted trees are thick; they make much darkness. They are crowded together, interlaced. They are shading things; they are matted together. They are rounded, bushing out; they are each one bushing out.\n\nSparse trees are sparse. There is light. They are sparse, spaced out, each one far apart. It is a desolate place.\n\n&#8220;Tree&#8221; is the name of that which stands verdant, that which is developed, can be transplanted, can be put in the ground; [it is the name of] the tree become firm, the matured tree, the old one.\n\n&#8220;Tree&#8221; is the name of that which can be planted, that which can be transplanted, that which sprouts, which forms a shoot, which sends up a shoot, which sets a node; that which grows, develops,[^23] enlarges; the sapling, the young tree, the tender tree, the tree become firm. It is planted, sown; it matures; it is wetted, moistened; it forms roots; \n\n\n\n\n[^22]: *Uitzquauitl: Caesalpina echinata* (Sahagún, *op. cit.,* p. 367).\n\n\n[^23]: *Acad. Hist. MS: mozcaltiani*.","html":"<h5>Uitzquauitl<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></h5>\n<p>It is chili-red, a dye, a chili-red dye. It releases a color; it makes things chili-red; it dyes, stains things.</p>\n<p>Matted trees are thick; they make much darkness. They are crowded together, interlaced. They are shading things; they are matted together. They are rounded, bushing out; they are each one bushing out.</p>\n<p>Sparse trees are sparse. There is light. They are sparse, spaced out, each one far apart. It is a desolate place.</p>\n<p>“Tree” is the name of that which stands verdant, that which is developed, can be transplanted, can be put in the ground; [it is the name of] the tree become firm, the matured tree, the old one.</p>\n<p>“Tree” is the name of that which can be planted, that which can be transplanted, that which sprouts, which forms a shoot, which sends up a shoot, which sets a node; that which grows, develops,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> enlarges; the sapling, the young tree, the tender tree, the tree become firm. It is planted, sown; it matures; it is wetted, moistened; it forms roots;</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Uitzquauitl: Caesalpina echinata</em> (Sahagún, <em>op. cit.,</em> p. 367).<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>Acad. Hist. MS: mozcaltiani</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"116r"}