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Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"25ecbe2d-f90e-43fa-89c9-d5ab44fbf91b","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"se llama _tequixquizácatl_, que quiere decir \"heno de salitre\". No es bueno más que para quemar.\n\nHay otro heno que es alto y delgado, y es bueno para techar o cubrir las casas. Llámase _zacamamaztli_ o _teocalzácatl_ porque con él techaban los cuyes. \n\nHay otra manera de heno que se llama _huauhzácatl_. Es altillo y delgado, y hace mucha semilla. Es bueno para cubrir les almástigos de chille o bledos, etcétera.\n\nHay otra manera de heno que se llama _xiuhtecahzácatl_. Es altillo y bermejo.\n\nHay otra manera de heno que se llama _zacateztli_. Y es la yerba que comúnmente pacen las bestias. Y se hace por todo esos campos. Y es señal de tierra estéril donde ello nace.\n\nHay otra manera de heno que se llama _elozácatl_. Es muy verde y tiene porretas como el trigo. Y es blando. Cómenlo los conejos y otros animales.\n\nHay otra manera de heno que se llama _ocozácatl_. Es altillo y delgado. Usan dello para techar las casas.","html":"<p>se llama <em>tequixquizácatl</em>, que quiere decir &quot;heno de salitre&quot;. No es bueno más que para quemar.</p>\n<p>Hay otro heno que es alto y delgado, y es bueno para techar o cubrir las casas. Llámase <em>zacamamaztli</em> o <em>teocalzácatl</em> porque con él techaban los cuyes.</p>\n<p>Hay otra manera de heno que se llama <em>huauhzácatl</em>. Es altillo y delgado, y hace mucha semilla. Es bueno para cubrir les almástigos de chille o bledos, etcétera.</p>\n<p>Hay otra manera de heno que se llama <em>xiuhtecahzácatl</em>. Es altillo y bermejo.</p>\n<p>Hay otra manera de heno que se llama <em>zacateztli</em>. Y es la yerba que comúnmente pacen las bestias. Y se hace por todo esos campos. Y es señal de tierra estéril donde ello nace.</p>\n<p>Hay otra manera de heno que se llama <em>elozácatl</em>. Es muy verde y tiene porretas como el trigo. Y es blando. Cómenlo los conejos y otros animales.</p>\n<p>Hay otra manera de heno que se llama <em>ocozácatl</em>. Es altillo y delgado. Usan dello para techar las casas.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"e715eb02-50ff-434b-ba6a-9016afe32074","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"and is called _tequixquizacatl_, which means “saltpeter grass.” It is only good for burning.\n\nThere is another grass that is tall and thin, and it is good for roofing or covering houses. It is called _zacamamaztli_ or _teocalzacatl_, because they used to roof the _cúes_ with it.\n\nThere is another type of grass that is called _huauhzacatl_. It is rather tall and thin, and it produces a lot of seeds. It is good for covering the bins for storing chile or amaranth, et cetera.\n\nThere is another type of grass that is called _xiuhteuczacatl_. It is rather tall and red.\n\nThere is another type of grass that is called _zacateztli_. And this is the plant that the animals commonly graze on. And it grows all over those fields. And wherever it grows, it is a sign that the land is barren.\n\nThere is another type of grass that is called _elozacatl_. It is very green and has green leaflets, like wheat. And it is soft. Rabbits and other animals eat it.\n\nThere is another type of grass that is called _ocozacatl_. It is rather tall and thin. They use it for roofing their houses.","html":"<p>and is called <em>tequixquizacatl</em>, which means “saltpeter grass.” It is only good for burning.</p>\n<p>There is another grass that is tall and thin, and it is good for roofing or covering houses. It is called <em>zacamamaztli</em> or <em>teocalzacatl</em>, because they used to roof the <em>cúes</em> with it.</p>\n<p>There is another type of grass that is called <em>huauhzacatl</em>. It is rather tall and thin, and it produces a lot of seeds. It is good for covering the bins for storing chile or amaranth, et cetera.</p>\n<p>There is another type of grass that is called <em>xiuhteuczacatl</em>. It is rather tall and red.</p>\n<p>There is another type of grass that is called <em>zacateztli</em>. And this is the plant that the animals commonly graze on. And it grows all over those fields. And wherever it grows, it is a sign that the land is barren.</p>\n<p>There is another type of grass that is called <em>elozacatl</em>. It is very green and has green leaflets, like wheat. And it is soft. Rabbits and other animals eat it.</p>\n<p>There is another type of grass that is called <em>ocozacatl</em>. It is rather tall and thin. They use it for roofing their houses.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"1ab96497-b044-4a92-98fb-bdc1924b21e3","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[imochi]uhian, anoço nextlatilco: chamactic, vapactic, coiolomjtic, tequaqua, tetzotzopotza. \n\n##### Çacamamaztli,\nyoan itoca teucalçacatl: qujioio, mjiaoaio, vauhio: in jxiuhio pipiaztic, viviac, chachaiactic, mamalcochauhquj: necaltilonj, popoçonj, chachaiaoa, mamalcochavi;\n\nnjcnoxacaltia, in çacamamaztli in teucalçacatl.\n\n##### Vauhçacatl:\namo qujllo pipiaztic, mjmjaoaio, vavauhio: injc mjtoa, vauhçacatl: cenca xinachio, cenca vauhio, yoan vel inemac, injc motlapachoa vauhtectli.\n\n##### Xiuhtecuçacatl:\nqujllo, atlapale, tlacoio, çacaio, tlatlactic: injc mjtoa xiuhtecuçacatl.\n\n##### Çacateteztli: \nchapactontli, tetezpil: [in canin amo q̅lcã tlalpã ymochiuhya] in canjn onoc, inezca ca amo qualli in tlalli.\n\n##### Eloçacatl, \nçeceltic, cecelpatic, celpatic, iamanquj.\n\n##### Ocoçacatl, \npitzaoac, viac, texocaltic, ximmaltic, necaltilonj: \n\nocoçacatl njcnotlapeoaltia, njcnoxacaltia.","html":"<p>[imochi]uhian, anoço nextlatilco: chamactic, vapactic, coiolomjtic, tequaqua, tetzotzopotza.</p>\n<h5>Çacamamaztli,</h5>\n<p>yoan itoca teucalçacatl: qujioio, mjiaoaio, vauhio: in jxiuhio pipiaztic, viviac, chachaiactic, mamalcochauhquj: necaltilonj, popoçonj, chachaiaoa, mamalcochavi;</p>\n<p>njcnoxacaltia, in çacamamaztli in teucalçacatl.</p>\n<h5>Vauhçacatl:</h5>\n<p>amo qujllo pipiaztic, mjmjaoaio, vavauhio: injc mjtoa, vauhçacatl: cenca xinachio, cenca vauhio, yoan vel inemac, injc motlapachoa vauhtectli.</p>\n<h5>Xiuhtecuçacatl:</h5>\n<p>qujllo, atlapale, tlacoio, çacaio, tlatlactic: injc mjtoa xiuhtecuçacatl.</p>\n<h5>Çacateteztli:</h5>\n<p>chapactontli, tetezpil: [in canin amo q̅lcã tlalpã ymochiuhya] in canjn onoc, inezca ca amo qualli in tlalli.</p>\n<h5>Eloçacatl,</h5>\n<p>çeceltic, cecelpatic, celpatic, iamanquj.</p>\n<h5>Ocoçacatl,</h5>\n<p>pitzaoac, viac, texocaltic, ximmaltic, necaltilonj:</p>\n<p>ocoçacatl njcnotlapeoaltia, njcnoxacaltia.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"70663e18-e71b-4239-bdc3-b48694faad95","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"or in ash heaps. It is coarse, rough, dagger-like. It bites one, it pricks one.\n\n##### Çacamamaztli\n\nAlso its name is *teocalçacatl*. It has stems, it has spikelets; [the spikelets] are like amaranth. Its foliage is slender, long, spreading, embracing. It is material of which houses are made. It fluffs up, spreads out, embraces.\n\nI make myself a hut of *çacamamaztli*, of *teocalçacatl*.\n\n##### Uauhçacatl\n\nIt has no stems. It is slender. It has spikelets; [these] are like amaranth. For this reason is it called *uauhçacatl*: it has many seeds, much like amaranth. And its special attribute is to cover the plots seeded with amaranth.\n\n##### Xiuhtecuçacatl\n\nIt has stems, leaves, stalks, grass blades. It is ruddy; hence is it called *xiuhtecuçacatl*.\n\n##### Çacateteztli[^4]\n\nIt lies scattered in small clumps. It is a little white. [Its growing place is in the poor lands.][^5] Wherever it lies, it is a sign that the land is not good.\n\n##### Eloçacatl\n\nIt is fresh green, each one fresh green, very fresh green; it is soft.\n\n##### Ocoçacatl\n\nIt is slender, long, blue—turquoise. It can be used for houses.\n\nI begin, I make myself a hut with *ocoçacatl*.\n\n\n\n\n[^4]: *Çacateteztli: Panicum* sp. (Sahagún, *loc. cit*.).\n\n\n[^5]: *Acad. Hist. MS* contains a statement (here in brackets) missing in the *Florentine Codex*.","html":"<p>or in ash heaps. It is coarse, rough, dagger-like. It bites one, it pricks one.</p>\n<h5>Çacamamaztli</h5>\n<p>Also its name is <em>teocalçacatl</em>. It has stems, it has spikelets; [the spikelets] are like amaranth. Its foliage is slender, long, spreading, embracing. It is material of which houses are made. It fluffs up, spreads out, embraces.</p>\n<p>I make myself a hut of <em>çacamamaztli</em>, of <em>teocalçacatl</em>.</p>\n<h5>Uauhçacatl</h5>\n<p>It has no stems. It is slender. It has spikelets; [these] are like amaranth. For this reason is it called <em>uauhçacatl</em>: it has many seeds, much like amaranth. And its special attribute is to cover the plots seeded with amaranth.</p>\n<h5>Xiuhtecuçacatl</h5>\n<p>It has stems, leaves, stalks, grass blades. It is ruddy; hence is it called <em>xiuhtecuçacatl</em>.</p>\n<h5>Çacateteztli<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></h5>\n<p>It lies scattered in small clumps. It is a little white. [Its growing place is in the poor lands.]<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> Wherever it lies, it is a sign that the land is not good.</p>\n<h5>Eloçacatl</h5>\n<p>It is fresh green, each one fresh green, very fresh green; it is soft.</p>\n<h5>Ocoçacatl</h5>\n<p>It is slender, long, blue—turquoise. It can be used for houses.</p>\n<p>I begin, I make myself a hut with <em>ocoçacatl</em>.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Çacateteztli: Panicum</em> sp. (Sahagún, <em>loc. cit</em>.).<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>Acad. Hist. MS</em> contains a statement (here in brackets) missing in the <em>Florentine Codex</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"182v"}