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Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"60f3db83-9974-4e9f-9607-4f6312983df3","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"hay unas tierras pedregosas o cascaxosas y ásperas y secas, y llámanlas _tetlalli_, que quiere decir \"tierra pedregosa\" o \"cascaxosa\". Hácese bien el maíz, y llámanle _tecintli_.\n\nHay unas tierras que tienen mucho en sí la humedad del agua, y por esto son fértiles, y llámanlas _techiáhuitl_, que quiere decir \"temperosa\".\n\nHa una tierra pegaxosa que es buena para hacer barro o adobes. Llámanla _tlaltzauctli_, que quiere decir \"tierra pegaxosa\", como _tzauctli_. Es la misma que arriba se llama _tezóquitl_.\n\nLa tierra donde se hace espadañas y juncos, y que es tierra hueca y húmeda, casi a manera de ciénaga, que andando sobre ella parece que se sume la misma tierra, llámanla _tlalcocomoctli_. Es tierra para sembrar, y fértil.\n\nHay una manera de tierras que son húmedas de su natural,","html":"<p>hay unas tierras pedregosas o cascaxosas y ásperas y secas, y llámanlas <em>tetlalli</em>, que quiere decir &quot;tierra pedregosa&quot; o &quot;cascaxosa&quot;. Hácese bien el maíz, y llámanle <em>tecintli</em>.</p>\n<p>Hay unas tierras que tienen mucho en sí la humedad del agua, y por esto son fértiles, y llámanlas <em>techiáhuitl</em>, que quiere decir &quot;temperosa&quot;.</p>\n<p>Ha una tierra pegaxosa que es buena para hacer barro o adobes. Llámanla <em>tlaltzauctli</em>, que quiere decir &quot;tierra pegaxosa&quot;, como <em>tzauctli</em>. Es la misma que arriba se llama <em>tezóquitl</em>.</p>\n<p>La tierra donde se hace espadañas y juncos, y que es tierra hueca y húmeda, casi a manera de ciénaga, que andando sobre ella parece que se sume la misma tierra, llámanla <em>tlalcocomoctli</em>. Es tierra para sembrar, y fértil.</p>\n<p>Hay una manera de tierras que son húmedas de su natural,</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"41675c39-40a2-47ad-9e12-8fe863e6322d","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"there are some soils that are stony or full of gravel and are harsh and dry; and they call these _tetlalli_, which means “stony or gravelly soil.” Maize grows well in it, so they call it _tecintli_.\n\nThere are some soils that accumulate a lot of water’s humidity in them, and this is why they are fertile; and they call them _techiyahuitl_, which means “well-tempered [soil].”[^145]\n\nThere is a sticky soil that is good for making clay or adobes. They call it _tlaltzauctli_, which means “sticky soil,” like _tzauctli_.[^146] It is the same one as the one above called _tezoquitl_.\n\nThey call soil where cattails and reeds grow—[a soil] that is porous and damp, almost like a marsh, for it seems that the ground itself is sinking when one walks upon it—_tlalcocomoctli_. It is soil fit for cultivation and is fertile.\n\nThere are types of soil that are naturally damp, \n\n\n[^145]: “Well-tempered”: _temperosa_; adjectival form of the Spanish noun _tempero_, defined as the readiness and good state of a land that is ready to be tilled. _DLE_, s.v. _tempero_.\n\n[^146]: _tzauctli_: A spelling inconsistency between _tlaltzauctli_ and _tzacutli_ (for _tzauctli_) appears in the Spanish column of the folio. LAGQ matches the spelling of both terms as _tlaltzauctli_ and _tzauctli_, but the Nahuatl text contains only _tzacutli_. Molina (_Arte_, s.v. _tzacutli_) registers the term as “Tzacutli: engrudo” (adhesive paste).","html":"<p>there are some soils that are stony or full of gravel and are harsh and dry; and they call these <em>tetlalli</em>, which means “stony or gravelly soil.” Maize grows well in it, so they call it <em>tecintli</em>.</p>\n<p>There are some soils that accumulate a lot of water’s humidity in them, and this is why they are fertile; and they call them <em>techiyahuitl</em>, which means “well-tempered [soil].”<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></p>\n<p>There is a sticky soil that is good for making clay or adobes. They call it <em>tlaltzauctli</em>, which means “sticky soil,” like <em>tzauctli</em>.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> It is the same one as the one above called <em>tezoquitl</em>.</p>\n<p>They call soil where cattails and reeds grow—[a soil] that is porous and damp, almost like a marsh, for it seems that the ground itself is sinking when one walks upon it—<em>tlalcocomoctli</em>. It is soil fit for cultivation and is fertile.</p>\n<p>There are types of soil that are naturally damp,</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“Well-tempered”: <em>temperosa</em>; adjectival form of the Spanish noun <em>tempero</em>, defined as the readiness and good state of a land that is ready to be tilled. <em>DLE</em>, s.v. <em>tempero</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>tzauctli</em>: A spelling inconsistency between <em>tlaltzauctli</em> and <em>tzacutli</em> (for <em>tzauctli</em>) appears in the Spanish column of the folio. LAGQ matches the spelling of both terms as <em>tlaltzauctli</em> and <em>tzauctli</em>, but the Nahuatl text contains only <em>tzacutli</em>. Molina (<em>Arte</em>, s.v. <em>tzacutli</em>) registers the term as “Tzacutli: engrudo” (adhesive paste).<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"88575d75-62b0-47f6-97f2-1c4b61dd3a59","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"teio, in texallo, papaiaxtic, têteio, texallo, tequaqua vacquj, elvaquj, tlamochiuhia, tecintli imochiuhia. Elvaquj, vaquj, tepitzavi, çiava, tlamochiva.\n\n##### Techiiavitl:\nçan ie no iehoatl in tetlalli, injc mjtoa techiiavitl: ipampa in jquac atl qujtta amo içiuhca vaquj, ca çan paltitoc, ça cenchiavatoc, ciavatoc, palti, chiava, çiiava.\n\n##### Tlaltzacutli:\nçan ie no ie in teçoqujtl; ipampa ca çaçalic, çacaltic, tzacutic, çaçalia, tzacutia. \n\n##### Tlalcocomoctli: \nin tlein tlalli in amo paltic, in papatziuhtimanj, in cocomocatimanj in iuh tollalli, nextlalli, nextlatilli, cocomoca, papatzivi: \n\n##### Tollalli, \nin tollo tlalli, in anoço vel iehoatll tolin opalan, in otlaltic tollo, xomallo, tolloa, xomalloa, çacaiova, tlamochiuhia monacaiotia, vel nacatl. \n\n##### Chiauhtlalli: \nitech mjtoa in jtoca chiava, ioan tlalli ie[hoatl]","html":"<p>teio, in texallo, papaiaxtic, têteio, texallo, tequaqua vacquj, elvaquj, tlamochiuhia, tecintli imochiuhia. Elvaquj, vaquj, tepitzavi, çiava, tlamochiva.</p>\n<h5>Techiiavitl:</h5>\n<p>çan ie no iehoatl in tetlalli, injc mjtoa techiiavitl: ipampa in jquac atl qujtta amo içiuhca vaquj, ca çan paltitoc, ça cenchiavatoc, ciavatoc, palti, chiava, çiiava.</p>\n<h5>Tlaltzacutli:</h5>\n<p>çan ie no ie in teçoqujtl; ipampa ca çaçalic, çacaltic, tzacutic, çaçalia, tzacutia.</p>\n<h5>Tlalcocomoctli:</h5>\n<p>in tlein tlalli in amo paltic, in papatziuhtimanj, in cocomocatimanj in iuh tollalli, nextlalli, nextlatilli, cocomoca, papatzivi:</p>\n<h5>Tollalli,</h5>\n<p>in tollo tlalli, in anoço vel iehoatll tolin opalan, in otlaltic tollo, xomallo, tolloa, xomalloa, çacaiova, tlamochiuhia monacaiotia, vel nacatl.</p>\n<h5>Chiauhtlalli:</h5>\n<p>itech mjtoa in jtoca chiava, ioan tlalli ie[hoatl]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"0b69f6c7-f93a-4e58-a996-075850ce2c0f","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"—rocky, gravelly, loose-graveled. It is very rocky, gravelly, rough, dry, dry deep down; a productive place, the growing place of *tecintli* maize. It is dry deep down; it is dry. It hardens; it becomes wet; it produces.\n\n##### Techiyauitl\n\nIt is just the same as *tetlalli*. Hence it is called *techiyauitl*, because when it gets water, it does not dry off quickly; it just lies moist, it lies completely workable, it lies wet. It becomes moist; it becomes workable; it becomes wet.\n\n##### Tlaltzacutli\n\nIt is just the same as clayey soil, because it is sticky, viscous, gluey. It is sticky, it is gluey.\n\n##### Tlalcocomoctli\n\nIt is that land which is not wetted. It lies spongy, it lies uneven. It is like reed land, ashen land, ashen mounds. It becomes uneven; it becomes spongy.\n\n##### Tollalli\n\nIt is reedy land, or the rotting of the very reeds; the reed, the small reed converted into soil. It becomes reedy, full of small reeds, grassy. It produces; it becomes fertile; it has true substance.\n\n##### Chiauhtlalli\n\nIts name is [so] called from *chiaua* [it becomes soggy] and *tlalli* [land].","html":"<p>—rocky, gravelly, loose-graveled. It is very rocky, gravelly, rough, dry, dry deep down; a productive place, the growing place of <em>tecintli</em> maize. It is dry deep down; it is dry. It hardens; it becomes wet; it produces.</p>\n<h5>Techiyauitl</h5>\n<p>It is just the same as <em>tetlalli</em>. Hence it is called <em>techiyauitl</em>, because when it gets water, it does not dry off quickly; it just lies moist, it lies completely workable, it lies wet. It becomes moist; it becomes workable; it becomes wet.</p>\n<h5>Tlaltzacutli</h5>\n<p>It is just the same as clayey soil, because it is sticky, viscous, gluey. It is sticky, it is gluey.</p>\n<h5>Tlalcocomoctli</h5>\n<p>It is that land which is not wetted. It lies spongy, it lies uneven. It is like reed land, ashen land, ashen mounds. It becomes uneven; it becomes spongy.</p>\n<h5>Tollalli</h5>\n<p>It is reedy land, or the rotting of the very reeds; the reed, the small reed converted into soil. It becomes reedy, full of small reeds, grassy. It produces; it becomes fertile; it has true substance.</p>\n<h5>Chiauhtlalli</h5>\n<p>Its name is [so] called from <em>chiaua</em> [it becomes soggy] and <em>tlalli</em> [land].</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"228v"}