{"id":"78222a8b-8c23-4364-b152-bf0587129d9e","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/236v/","folio":"236v","book":"11"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/236r/","folio":"236r","book":"11"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/237r/","folio":"237r","book":"11"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/e2da4fcf-1202-4d29-a071-18eac1ae5a67/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/e2da4fcf-1202-4d29-a071-18eac1ae5a67/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/e2da4fcf-1202-4d29-a071-18eac1ae5a67/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/e2da4fcf-1202-4d29-a071-18eac1ae5a67/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/e2da4fcf-1202-4d29-a071-18eac1ae5a67/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/e2da4fcf-1202-4d29-a071-18eac1ae5a67/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/e2da4fcf-1202-4d29-a071-18eac1ae5a67/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/3_387v.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/e2da4fcf-1202-4d29-a071-18eac1ae5a67/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_3_11.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/bb00daf0-52eb-4159-af10-dbd069299fa2/","canvas_label":{"en":["236v"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","book_title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"bba7a496-5584-42f9-b71a-bb8e451bfd8d","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"Bien creo que hay otros muchos lugares en estas Indias donde paliadamente se hace reverencia y ofrenda a los ídolos con tisimulación de las fiestas que la iglesia celebra a Dios y a sus sanctos, lo cual sería bien investigase para que la pobre gente fuese desengañada del engaño que agora parece.","html":"<p>Bien creo que hay otros muchos lugares en estas Indias donde paliadamente se hace reverencia y ofrenda a los ídolos con tisimulación de las fiestas que la iglesia celebra a Dios y a sus sanctos, lo cual sería bien investigase para que la pobre gente fuese desengañada del engaño que agora parece.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"3a486afe-d067-4daf-9bfa-2d754381d35e","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"I really believe that there are many other places in these Indies where idols are being secretly worshiped and provided with offerings under the pretense of [celebrating] the feasts that the church celebrates for God and for its saints, a matter that should be properly investigated so that the poor people could be disabused from the deception from which they now suffer.[^162] \n\n\n[^162]: Spanish glosses in the Nahuatl column: _texcaltetl_: another type of stone that is not fit to be carved. _atoyatetl_: another type of cobblestone. _atlan tetl_: another type of pebble. _tepoxactli_: another type of stone that is not fit to be carved. _xalnenetl_: another type of stone that is not fit to be carved. _xaltetl_: another type of pebble. _xaltetl_: another type of cobblestone. _tecoztli_: another type of good building stone. _tepetlatl_: another type of coarse stone.","html":"<p>I really believe that there are many other places in these Indies where idols are being secretly worshiped and provided with offerings under the pretense of [celebrating] the feasts that the church celebrates for God and for its saints, a matter that should be properly investigated so that the poor people could be disabused from the deception from which they now suffer.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Spanish glosses in the Nahuatl column: <em>texcaltetl</em>: another type of stone that is not fit to be carved. <em>atoyatetl</em>: another type of cobblestone. <em>atlan tetl</em>: another type of pebble. <em>tepoxactli</em>: another type of stone that is not fit to be carved. <em>xalnenetl</em>: another type of stone that is not fit to be carved. <em>xaltetl</em>: another type of pebble. <em>xaltetl</em>: another type of cobblestone. <em>tecoztli</em>: another type of good building stone. <em>tepetlatl</em>: another type of coarse stone.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}},{"id":"8106fd23-21bc-44df-9ec2-923fb991be2b","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"I verily believe that there are many other places in these Indies where reverence and offerings to the idols are clandestinely practiced under the pretext of the feasts which the Church celebrates to revere God and His saints. It would be good that such be investigated, that the poor people be undeceived of the error from which they now suffer.","html":"<p>I verily believe that there are many other places in these Indies where reverence and offerings to the idols are clandestinely practiced under the pretext of the feasts which the Church celebrates to revere God and His saints. It would be good that such be investigated, that the poor people be undeceived of the error from which they now suffer.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_spanish_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"151f8c56-23d3-4e63-bf42-91d805ac79d1","choice":{"en":["Spanish by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"Bien creo, que ay otros muchos lugares, en estas yndias, donde paliadamente se haze reuerencia, y ofrenda a los ydolos con tissimulacion de las fiestas que la yglesia celebra a dios y a sus sanctos lo qual seria bien ymbestigase para que la pobre gente fuesse desengañada del engaño que agora padece.","html":"<p>Bien creo, que ay otros muchos lugares, en estas yndias, donde paliadamente se haze reuerencia, y ofrenda a los ydolos con tissimulacion de las fiestas que la yglesia celebra a dios y a sus sanctos lo qual seria bien ymbestigase para que la pobre gente fuesse desengañada del engaño que agora padece.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"4d42818a-9825-4b20-a94f-04edc28c9522","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Texcaltetl:\n##### Otra manera de piedras q̅ no se labran.\nçan no ie in tetlaquactli, chicaoac, tepitztic, tepitzpatic, tlaquacpatic, tzôtzocoltic. \n\n##### Atoiatetl:\n##### Otra manera de piedras gujjas\niehoatl in atoiac onoc tetl, ololtic, ololauhquj, vei, tepiton, piciltic,\nNatoiatenechicoa.\n\n##### Atlan tetl:\n##### Otra manera de gujjas\nçan no ie in atoiatetl. \n\n##### Tepoxactli:\n##### Otra manera de piedras que no se labrã.\nachi coztic, cequj ixxoxoctic, papaiaxtic, tlaoltamaltic, ololtic, patlachtic, veiac, tepiton, tilaoac, canaoac.\n\n##### Xalnenetl:\n##### Otra manera de piedras que no se labran.\nachi ixxoxoctic, papaiaxtic, câcaiactic. \n\nNixalnenetlapana, njxalnenexima. \n\n##### Xaltetl:\n##### Otra manera de piedras gujjas.\nno itoca in xalnenetl.\n\n##### Xaltetl:\n##### Otra manera de piedras gujjas\nin xalli tomaoac, chamaoac, ololtic, çonectic, êcauhtic.\nNixaltepepena, njxaltenechicoa. \n\n##### Tecoztli:\n##### Otra manera de piedras buenas para edificar.\ntlaquaoac, coztic, ololtic, patlachtic, patztic. \n\n##### Tepetlatl:\n##### Otra manera de piedra Tosca\niztaleoac, poxaoac, poxactic. \nNitepetlatla[pana]","html":"<h5>Texcaltetl:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de piedras q̅ no se labran.</h5>\n<p>çan no ie in tetlaquactli, chicaoac, tepitztic, tepitzpatic, tlaquacpatic, tzôtzocoltic.</p>\n<h5>Atoiatetl:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de piedras gujjas</h5>\n<p>iehoatl in atoiac onoc tetl, ololtic, ololauhquj, vei, tepiton, piciltic,\nNatoiatenechicoa.</p>\n<h5>Atlan tetl:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de gujjas</h5>\n<p>çan no ie in atoiatetl.</p>\n<h5>Tepoxactli:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de piedras que no se labrã.</h5>\n<p>achi coztic, cequj ixxoxoctic, papaiaxtic, tlaoltamaltic, ololtic, patlachtic, veiac, tepiton, tilaoac, canaoac.</p>\n<h5>Xalnenetl:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de piedras que no se labran.</h5>\n<p>achi ixxoxoctic, papaiaxtic, câcaiactic.</p>\n<p>Nixalnenetlapana, njxalnenexima.</p>\n<h5>Xaltetl:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de piedras gujjas.</h5>\n<p>no itoca in xalnenetl.</p>\n<h5>Xaltetl:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de piedras gujjas</h5>\n<p>in xalli tomaoac, chamaoac, ololtic, çonectic, êcauhtic.\nNixaltepepena, njxaltenechicoa.</p>\n<h5>Tecoztli:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de piedras buenas para edificar.</h5>\n<p>tlaquaoac, coztic, ololtic, patlachtic, patztic.</p>\n<h5>Tepetlatl:</h5>\n<h5>Otra manera de piedra Tosca</h5>\n<p>iztaleoac, poxaoac, poxactic.\nNitepetlatla[pana]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"37f4979e-cdbf-49f7-a136-9955547a6fcb","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Texcatetl\n##### *Another kind of stone which is not worked*\n\nIt is the same as *tetlaquactli*. It is solid, hard, very hard, very tough. It is like a long pottery water jar.\n\n##### Atoyatetl\n##### *Another kind of cobble stone*\n\nIt is a rock lying in the river—round, roundish; large; small, minute.\n\nI gather river rocks.\n\n##### Atlan tetl\n##### *Another kind of pebble*\n\nIt is the same as *atoyatetl*.\n \n#####Tepoxactli\n#####*Another kind of stone which is not worked*\n\nIt is somewhat yellow. Some are green on the surface. They are broken up, like tamales of dried kernels of maize: round, wide, long, small, thick, thin.\n\n##### Xalnenetl\n##### *Another kind of stone which is not worked*\n\nIt is somewhat green on the surface. It is broken up, fragmented.\n\nI break up *xalnenetl*. I work *xalnenetl*.\n\n##### Xaltetl\n##### *Another kind of pebble*\n\nIt is also a name for *xalnenetl*.\n\n##### Xaltetl\n##### *Another kind of cobble stone*\n\nIt is coarse sand—coarse, round, spongy, airy.\n\nI collect *xaltetl*. I gather *xaltetl*.\n\n##### Tecoztli\n##### *Another kind of good building stone*\n\nIt is hard, yellow, round, wide, soft.\n\n##### Tepetlatl\n##### *Another kind of rough stone*\n\nIt is whitish, porous. It is porous.","html":"<h5>Texcatetl</h5>\n<h5><em>Another kind of stone which is not worked</em></h5>\n<p>It is the same as <em>tetlaquactli</em>. It is solid, hard, very hard, very tough. It is like a long pottery water jar.</p>\n<h5>Atoyatetl</h5>\n<h5><em>Another kind of cobble stone</em></h5>\n<p>It is a rock lying in the river—round, roundish; large; small, minute.</p>\n<p>I gather river rocks.</p>\n<h5>Atlan tetl</h5>\n<h5><em>Another kind of pebble</em></h5>\n<p>It is the same as <em>atoyatetl</em>.</p>\n<p>#####Tepoxactli\n#####<em>Another kind of stone which is not worked</em></p>\n<p>It is somewhat yellow. Some are green on the surface. They are broken up, like tamales of dried kernels of maize: round, wide, long, small, thick, thin.</p>\n<h5>Xalnenetl</h5>\n<h5><em>Another kind of stone which is not worked</em></h5>\n<p>It is somewhat green on the surface. It is broken up, fragmented.</p>\n<p>I break up <em>xalnenetl</em>. I work <em>xalnenetl</em>.</p>\n<h5>Xaltetl</h5>\n<h5><em>Another kind of pebble</em></h5>\n<p>It is also a name for <em>xalnenetl</em>.</p>\n<h5>Xaltetl</h5>\n<h5><em>Another kind of cobble stone</em></h5>\n<p>It is coarse sand—coarse, round, spongy, airy.</p>\n<p>I collect <em>xaltetl</em>. I gather <em>xaltetl</em>.</p>\n<h5>Tecoztli</h5>\n<h5><em>Another kind of good building stone</em></h5>\n<p>It is hard, yellow, round, wide, soft.</p>\n<h5>Tepetlatl</h5>\n<h5><em>Another kind of rough stone</em></h5>\n<p>It is whitish, porous. It is porous.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"236v"}