{"id":"d8943627-84a9-4f88-bd4f-ba033d63353f","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/3v/","folio":"3v","book":"11"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/3r/","folio":"3r","book":"11"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/4r/","folio":"4r","book":"11"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/dca734c3-943a-4a67-8587-b4fc9acf1847/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/dca734c3-943a-4a67-8587-b4fc9acf1847/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/dca734c3-943a-4a67-8587-b4fc9acf1847/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/dca734c3-943a-4a67-8587-b4fc9acf1847/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/dca734c3-943a-4a67-8587-b4fc9acf1847/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/dca734c3-943a-4a67-8587-b4fc9acf1847/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/dca734c3-943a-4a67-8587-b4fc9acf1847/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/3_157v.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/dca734c3-943a-4a67-8587-b4fc9acf1847/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_3_11.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/6a13d32f-b3eb-451b-9c2f-0c5c4b5b07a7/","canvas_label":{"en":["3v"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","book_title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"1572a55c-da73-4a40-8844-1efd6ceefa27","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"del tigre. Con esto se devierte el tigre a mirar la hoja que caye, y llega la saeta y pásale o hiérele. Y luego el tigre da un salto hacia arriba, y tornando a caer en tierra, tórnase a sentar como estaba de antes. Y allí muere, asentado, sin cerrar los ojos; aunque está muerto, parece vivo. Cuando el tigre caza, primero hipa, y con aquel aire desmaya a lo que ha de cazar. La carne del tigre tiene mal sabor: requema.\n\nUna gente que eran como asisinos, los cuales se llamaban _nonotzaleque_, era gente osada y atrevida para matar. Traían consigo del pellejo del tigre, un pedazo de la frente y otro pedazo del pecho, y al cabo de la cola, y las unas y el corazón, y los colmillos y los hocicos. Decían que con esto eran fuertes y osados, y espantables a todos. Y todos los temían, y a ninguno habían miedo, por razón de tener consigo estas cosas del tigre. Éstos se llaman también _pixeque teyolpachoani_.\n \nEl gato cerval llámanle por este nombre, conviene a saber, _tlacoocélutl_, _tlacomiztli_, por[que]","html":"<p>del tigre. Con esto se devierte el tigre a mirar la hoja que caye, y llega la saeta y pásale o hiérele. Y luego el tigre da un salto hacia arriba, y tornando a caer en tierra, tórnase a sentar como estaba de antes. Y allí muere, asentado, sin cerrar los ojos; aunque está muerto, parece vivo. Cuando el tigre caza, primero hipa, y con aquel aire desmaya a lo que ha de cazar. La carne del tigre tiene mal sabor: requema.</p>\n<p>Una gente que eran como asisinos, los cuales se llamaban <em>nonotzaleque</em>, era gente osada y atrevida para matar. Traían consigo del pellejo del tigre, un pedazo de la frente y otro pedazo del pecho, y al cabo de la cola, y las unas y el corazón, y los colmillos y los hocicos. Decían que con esto eran fuertes y osados, y espantables a todos. Y todos los temían, y a ninguno habían miedo, por razón de tener consigo estas cosas del tigre. Éstos se llaman también <em>pixeque teyolpachoani</em>.</p>\n<p>El gato cerval llámanle por este nombre, conviene a saber, <em>tlacoocélutl</em>, <em>tlacomiztli</em>, por[que]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"0f132054-6bb7-4214-8e9c-4f32eb0ea136","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"the tiger. The tiger gets distracted by this, watching the falling leaf, and then the arrow comes and goes through [the tiger] or wounds it. And then the tiger leaps upward, and when it falls back to the ground, it sits down again like it was before. And it dies there, sitting down, without closing its eyes. It looks alive, even though it is dead. When the tiger hunts, it first hisses, and with that air, it causes whatever it is hunting to lose courage. Tiger meat has a bad taste: it burns.\n\nThere were some people who were like killers, who were called _nonotzaleque_. And they were daring people who were more than ready to kill. They would go about carrying pieces of the tiger’s pelt: one piece from its forehead, another piece from its chest, and another from the tip of its tail, as well as its claws, its heart, its fangs, and its snout. They said that these things made them strong, daring, and frightening to everyone. And everybody feared them, and they feared no one, because they kept these pieces of the tiger with them. These [people] are also called _pixequeh teyolpachoani_.\n\nThey call the serval cat by this name,[^3] that is, _tlahcoocelotl, tlahcomiztli_, \n\n\n[^3]: “They call . . . name”: “El gato cerval llámanle por este nombre.” The description corresponds to the feline known today as an ocelot (_Leopardus pardalis_).","html":"<p>the tiger. The tiger gets distracted by this, watching the falling leaf, and then the arrow comes and goes through [the tiger] or wounds it. And then the tiger leaps upward, and when it falls back to the ground, it sits down again like it was before. And it dies there, sitting down, without closing its eyes. It looks alive, even though it is dead. When the tiger hunts, it first hisses, and with that air, it causes whatever it is hunting to lose courage. Tiger meat has a bad taste: it burns.</p>\n<p>There were some people who were like killers, who were called <em>nonotzaleque</em>. And they were daring people who were more than ready to kill. They would go about carrying pieces of the tiger’s pelt: one piece from its forehead, another piece from its chest, and another from the tip of its tail, as well as its claws, its heart, its fangs, and its snout. They said that these things made them strong, daring, and frightening to everyone. And everybody feared them, and they feared no one, because they kept these pieces of the tiger with them. These [people] are also called <em>pixequeh teyolpachoani</em>.</p>\n<p>They call the serval cat by this name,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> that is, <em>tlahcoocelotl, tlahcomiztli</em>,</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“They call . . . name”: “El gato cerval llámanle por este nombre.” The description corresponds to the feline known today as an ocelot (<em>Leopardus pardalis</em>).<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"a7800381-cca4-46bd-96e5-e7c0efb9f191","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"vel qujmjna, in tlamjnquj: ic vel câci:\n\nin omjnoc, ocelutl: mâcotonvitzoa. Auh in ouetzico tlalpan: meoatitlalia, moqujchtlalia, motlamelauhcatlalia: iuh motlalia, in juh achto catca: vel panj qujtlatlalia, in jxtelolo: amo mjxpiquj, injc mjquj; çan iîtztica, iuhqujnma ioltica ic neci.\nIn canjn tlaqua ocelutl: achtopa, tehipotza, ic teiolmjctia, ic teçotlaoa. Auh in jnacaio cococ.\n\nIn nonotzaleque: qujtqujtinemj, in jeoaio; iehoatl, in jxquaceoa, yoan in jelpaneoa, yoan in jcujtlapil, yiac, yoan yizti, yoã in jiollo, yoan in jcoatlan, yoã yiacatzol: qujl ic ihiiooatinemj, qujl ic tlaixmauhtia, qujl ic imacaxo: ic acan ixmauj, ca nel paiotinemj: iehoantin in intoca, nonotzaleque, pixeque, teiolpachoanj.\n\n##### Tlacoocelutl:\nyoan qujtocaiotia, tlacomjztli, tepiton, pachtontli, melacpil: vel ixqujch, in castillan mjzton, nexeoac, ti[ceoac,]","html":"<p>vel qujmjna, in tlamjnquj: ic vel câci:</p>\n<p>in omjnoc, ocelutl: mâcotonvitzoa. Auh in ouetzico tlalpan: meoatitlalia, moqujchtlalia, motlamelauhcatlalia: iuh motlalia, in juh achto catca: vel panj qujtlatlalia, in jxtelolo: amo mjxpiquj, injc mjquj; çan iîtztica, iuhqujnma ioltica ic neci.\nIn canjn tlaqua ocelutl: achtopa, tehipotza, ic teiolmjctia, ic teçotlaoa. Auh in jnacaio cococ.</p>\n<p>In nonotzaleque: qujtqujtinemj, in jeoaio; iehoatl, in jxquaceoa, yoan in jelpaneoa, yoan in jcujtlapil, yiac, yoan yizti, yoã in jiollo, yoan in jcoatlan, yoã yiacatzol: qujl ic ihiiooatinemj, qujl ic tlaixmauhtia, qujl ic imacaxo: ic acan ixmauj, ca nel paiotinemj: iehoantin in intoca, nonotzaleque, pixeque, teiolpachoanj.</p>\n<h5>Tlacoocelutl:</h5>\n<p>yoan qujtocaiotia, tlacomjztli, tepiton, pachtontli, melacpil: vel ixqujch, in castillan mjzton, nexeoac, ti[ceoac,]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"1148d9bf-c7fa-40cb-a557-a60153e21f7c","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"the hunter succeeds in shooting it with an arrow; thus he can reach it.\n\nWhen the ocelot is shot, it leaps up. And when it comes to fall on the ground, it sits up like a man; it sits up; it sits upright. It sits up as it first was. It fixes its eyes upwards; It does not close them as it dies. It just remains looking; it seems to be alive.\n\nWherever the ocelot eats, first it hisses at one in order to terrify one—to make him swoon away. And its flesh burns like pepper.\n\nThe conjurers went about carrying its hide—the hide of its forehead and of its chest, and its tail, its nose, and its claws, and its heart, and its fangs, and its snout. It is said that they went about their tasks with them—that with them they did daring deeds, that because of them they were feared; that with them they were daring. Truly they went about restored. The names of these are conjurers, guardians of tradition, debasers of people.\n\n##### Ocelot[^7]\n\nAlso they name it *tlacomiztli*. It is small, squat, rather long, the same as a Castilian cat; ashen, \n\n\n\n\n[^7]: *Tlacoocelotl: Felis pardalis pardalis* in Martín del Campo, *loc. cit.; Felis pardalis pardalis* (Linnaeus) or ocelot, according to Durrant.","html":"<p>the hunter succeeds in shooting it with an arrow; thus he can reach it.</p>\n<p>When the ocelot is shot, it leaps up. And when it comes to fall on the ground, it sits up like a man; it sits up; it sits upright. It sits up as it first was. It fixes its eyes upwards; It does not close them as it dies. It just remains looking; it seems to be alive.</p>\n<p>Wherever the ocelot eats, first it hisses at one in order to terrify one—to make him swoon away. And its flesh burns like pepper.</p>\n<p>The conjurers went about carrying its hide—the hide of its forehead and of its chest, and its tail, its nose, and its claws, and its heart, and its fangs, and its snout. It is said that they went about their tasks with them—that with them they did daring deeds, that because of them they were feared; that with them they were daring. Truly they went about restored. The names of these are conjurers, guardians of tradition, debasers of people.</p>\n<h5>Ocelot<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></h5>\n<p>Also they name it <em>tlacomiztli</em>. It is small, squat, rather long, the same as a Castilian cat; ashen,</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Tlacoocelotl: Felis pardalis pardalis</em> in Martín del Campo, <em>loc. cit.; Felis pardalis pardalis</em> (Linnaeus) or ocelot, according to Durrant.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"3v"}