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Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"e39cfa34-de34-4ec6-a7d3-9441a46b4ea8","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"_tachitohuía_ porque canta diciendo su cantar, que es _tachitohuía_.\n\nHay una ave en esta tierra que se llama _cuauhtotopotli_, que quiere decir que agujera los árboles. Llámase también _cuauhchochopitli_, que quiere decir que pica los árboles. Y también se llama _cuauhtatala_, que quiere decir que golpea en los árboles. Tiene el pico agudo como punzón, y recio y fuerte como piedra de navaja. Es ceniciento. Es muy ligero; sube por los árboles arriba, y vuela de un árbol a otro. Agujera los árboles con el pico. Agujera los árboles, por duros que sean. Come gusanos. Hace nido y cría dentro del agujero que hace en el árbol.\n\nHay una ave que se llama _poxácuatl_, que quiere decir \"tonto\". Creo es sisón. Parece sea [_sic_] a la lechuza. Tiene las plumas respelocadas. Voela como la lechuza, a tochas y a necias. Por eso se llama _poxácuatl_.\n\nHay otra ave que se llama _huitlálotl_. Mora en las montañas. Es como gallina montesa. Es parda escura, como ahumada. Tiene un tocadillo de plumas. Es de comer.","html":"<p><em>tachitohuía</em> porque canta diciendo su cantar, que es <em>tachitohuía</em>.</p>\n<p>Hay una ave en esta tierra que se llama <em>cuauhtotopotli</em>, que quiere decir que agujera los árboles. Llámase también <em>cuauhchochopitli</em>, que quiere decir que pica los árboles. Y también se llama <em>cuauhtatala</em>, que quiere decir que golpea en los árboles. Tiene el pico agudo como punzón, y recio y fuerte como piedra de navaja. Es ceniciento. Es muy ligero; sube por los árboles arriba, y vuela de un árbol a otro. Agujera los árboles con el pico. Agujera los árboles, por duros que sean. Come gusanos. Hace nido y cría dentro del agujero que hace en el árbol.</p>\n<p>Hay una ave que se llama <em>poxácuatl</em>, que quiere decir &quot;tonto&quot;. Creo es sisón. Parece sea [<em>sic</em>] a la lechuza. Tiene las plumas respelocadas. Voela como la lechuza, a tochas y a necias. Por eso se llama <em>poxácuatl</em>.</p>\n<p>Hay otra ave que se llama <em>huitlálotl</em>. Mora en las montañas. Es como gallina montesa. Es parda escura, como ahumada. Tiene un tocadillo de plumas. Es de comer.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"31d2fff4-49bd-46bc-bd36-726ca2b27c57","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"_tachitohuia_ because it sings its song saying “tachitohuia.”\n\nIn this land, there is another bird called _cuauhtotopohtli_, which means that it bores holes in trees. It is also called _cuauhchochopihtli_, which means that it punctures trees. And it is also called _cuauhtatala_, which means that it knocks on trees. Its beak is as sharp as an awl and as hard and strong as a stone blade. It is ashen colored. It is very light; it climbs up trees and flies from one tree to another. It bores holes in trees with its beak. It bores holes in trees no matter how hard they are. It eats worms. It makes a nest and breeds inside the hole that it makes in the tree.\n\nThere is a bird that is called _poxacuatl_, which means “stupid.” I think it is the little bustard.[^24] It is like the barn owl. Its feathers are all tousled. It flies willy-nilly, just like the barn owl. This is why it is called _poxacuatl_.\n\nThere is another bird that is called _huitlalotl_. It lives in the mountains. It is like a wild chicken. It is dark grayish brown, somewhat smoky. It has a little crest of feathers. It is edible. \n\n\n[^24]: “I think it is the little bustard”: “Creo es sisón.” The _sisón_ (little bustard; _Tetrax tetrax_), however, is not endemic to the Americas.","html":"<p><em>tachitohuia</em> because it sings its song saying “tachitohuia.”</p>\n<p>In this land, there is another bird called <em>cuauhtotopohtli</em>, which means that it bores holes in trees. It is also called <em>cuauhchochopihtli</em>, which means that it punctures trees. And it is also called <em>cuauhtatala</em>, which means that it knocks on trees. Its beak is as sharp as an awl and as hard and strong as a stone blade. It is ashen colored. It is very light; it climbs up trees and flies from one tree to another. It bores holes in trees with its beak. It bores holes in trees no matter how hard they are. It eats worms. It makes a nest and breeds inside the hole that it makes in the tree.</p>\n<p>There is a bird that is called <em>poxacuatl</em>, which means “stupid.” I think it is the little bustard.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> It is like the barn owl. Its feathers are all tousled. It flies willy-nilly, just like the barn owl. This is why it is called <em>poxacuatl</em>.</p>\n<p>There is another bird that is called <em>huitlalotl</em>. It lives in the mountains. It is like a wild chicken. It is dark grayish brown, somewhat smoky. It has a little crest of feathers. It is edible.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“I think it is the little bustard”: “Creo es sisón.” The <em>sisón</em> (little bustard; <em>Tetrax tetrax</em>), however, is not endemic to the Americas.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"f7dfc823-f38d-426d-a4df-1e443f354c8c","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"ca itlatol ca qujtoa inin tlatolli: tachitovia. In aqujn qujtta itloc iatiuh, tlatotiuh: qujchiuhtiuh tachitovia.\n\n##### Quauhtotopotli: \nyoan itoca quauhchochopitli, yoan itoca quauhtatala: tenvitztic, tentepuztic, tenchicaoac, tentlapalivi, tenitztic: nexeoacaticectic, tzicujctic: quauhtleconj, quauhtitech chichitonjnj, quavitl qujcoionjanj, quauhcoionjanj: ocujlin in jtlaqual, quavitl qujiolcapeoaltia, in qujcoionja: in vncan mochantia.\n\n##### Poxaquatl: \nchiquatic, chiquanezquj: tepiton, çonectontli, injc patlanj, çan chichipatlantiuh: ic mjtoa poxaquatl, coziaiactic, ixcoziaiactic in hivio. \n\n##### Vitlalotl: \nquauhtlanemj, iuhqujn quauhtotolin, pochectic\ntlileoac, quachichiqujle: çan hivitl in jquachichiqujl.","html":"<p>ca itlatol ca qujtoa inin tlatolli: tachitovia. In aqujn qujtta itloc iatiuh, tlatotiuh: qujchiuhtiuh tachitovia.</p>\n<h5>Quauhtotopotli:</h5>\n<p>yoan itoca quauhchochopitli, yoan itoca quauhtatala: tenvitztic, tentepuztic, tenchicaoac, tentlapalivi, tenitztic: nexeoacaticectic, tzicujctic: quauhtleconj, quauhtitech chichitonjnj, quavitl qujcoionjanj, quauhcoionjanj: ocujlin in jtlaqual, quavitl qujiolcapeoaltia, in qujcoionja: in vncan mochantia.</p>\n<h5>Poxaquatl:</h5>\n<p>chiquatic, chiquanezquj: tepiton, çonectontli, injc patlanj, çan chichipatlantiuh: ic mjtoa poxaquatl, coziaiactic, ixcoziaiactic in hivio.</p>\n<h5>Vitlalotl:</h5>\n<p>quauhtlanemj, iuhqujn quauhtotolin, pochectic\ntlileoac, quachichiqujle: çan hivitl in jquachichiqujl.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"f8d7f9ed-2c05-413e-a9bd-d4e8f2277da3","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"because of its song, because its song says *tachitouya*. Whomever it sees, it comes along with him, singing as it goes; it goes along making [the sound] *tachitouya*.\n\n##### Golden-fronted woodpecker[^3]\n\nAlso its name is *quauhchochopitli*, and its name is *quauhtatala*.[^4] The bill is pointed, pointed like a nail, strong, rugged, like obsidian.[^5] It is light ashen; agile; a tree-climber; a hopper up trees: a borer of holes in trees, a tree borer. Its food is worms; it destroys insects in trees when it bores them. There it nests.\n\n##### Whip-poor-will[^6]\n\nIt is like the barn owl; it looks like the barn owl. It is small, fluffy. As it flies, it only goes about flying erratically. Hence it is called *poxaquatl*. Dark yellow, dark yellow on the surface are its feathers.\n\n##### Crested guan[^7]\n\nIt lives in the forest, like the wild turkey. It is smoky, blackened. It is crested, but its crest is only of feathers.\n\n\n\n\n[^3]: *Quauhtotopotli: Centurus aurifrons* (Wagler); *ibid.,* p. 33.\n\n\n[^4]: Corresponding Spanish text: *&#8221;se llama quauhtatala, que qujere dezir, que golpea en los arboles.&#8221;*\n\n\n[^5]: *Acad. Hist. MS: tenychtic*.\n\n\n[^6]: *Poxaquatl:* questionable; Martín del Campo, *op. cit.,* p. 404, suggests *Anthrostomus vociferus*. See also n. 28, *supra*.\n\n\n[^7]: *Vitlalotl:* Martín del Campo, *loc. cit.,* suggests *Penelope purpurescens*. See, however, Friedmann *et al., op. cit.,* Pt. I, p. 68.","html":"<p>because of its song, because its song says <em>tachitouya</em>. Whomever it sees, it comes along with him, singing as it goes; it goes along making [the sound] <em>tachitouya</em>.</p>\n<h5>Golden-fronted woodpecker<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></h5>\n<p>Also its name is <em>quauhchochopitli</em>, and its name is <em>quauhtatala</em>.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> The bill is pointed, pointed like a nail, strong, rugged, like obsidian.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup> It is light ashen; agile; a tree-climber; a hopper up trees: a borer of holes in trees, a tree borer. Its food is worms; it destroys insects in trees when it bores them. There it nests.</p>\n<h5>Whip-poor-will<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-4\"><a href=\"#fn-4\">4</a></sup></h5>\n<p>It is like the barn owl; it looks like the barn owl. It is small, fluffy. As it flies, it only goes about flying erratically. Hence it is called <em>poxaquatl</em>. Dark yellow, dark yellow on the surface are its feathers.</p>\n<h5>Crested guan<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-5\"><a href=\"#fn-5\">5</a></sup></h5>\n<p>It lives in the forest, like the wild turkey. It is smoky, blackened. It is crested, but its crest is only of feathers.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Quauhtotopotli: Centurus aurifrons</em> (Wagler); <em>ibid.,</em> p. 33.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>Corresponding Spanish text: <em>”se llama quauhtatala, que qujere dezir, que golpea en los arboles.”</em><a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p><em>Acad. Hist. MS: tenychtic</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-4\"><p><em>Poxaquatl:</em> questionable; Martín del Campo, <em>op. cit.,</em> p. 404, suggests <em>Anthrostomus vociferus</em>. See also n. 28, <em>supra</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-4\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-5\"><p><em>Vitlalotl:</em> Martín del Campo, <em>loc. cit.,</em> suggests <em>Penelope purpurescens</em>. See, however, Friedmann <em>et al., op. cit.,</em> Pt. I, p. 68.<a href=\"#fnref-5\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"50r"}