{"id":"2a7b0fe5-b4ef-4582-94fc-f34076461734","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/59v/","folio":"59v","book":"11"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/59r/","folio":"59r","book":"11"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/60r/","folio":"60r","book":"11"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/a3defe2d-a6ca-439e-aa5c-b8bea30243a4/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/a3defe2d-a6ca-439e-aa5c-b8bea30243a4/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/a3defe2d-a6ca-439e-aa5c-b8bea30243a4/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/a3defe2d-a6ca-439e-aa5c-b8bea30243a4/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/a3defe2d-a6ca-439e-aa5c-b8bea30243a4/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/a3defe2d-a6ca-439e-aa5c-b8bea30243a4/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/a3defe2d-a6ca-439e-aa5c-b8bea30243a4/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/3_211v.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/a3defe2d-a6ca-439e-aa5c-b8bea30243a4/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_3_11.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/6244453a-cfae-4a11-b3d9-9f0dc2cf9a8c/","canvas_label":{"en":["59v"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","book_title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"fbfae8fe-60b4-4bd0-bf1d-83459eb7f9c5","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"_tlacuacua_, \"con el pico come\".\n\nLas aves tienen ojos, y llámanse _ixtli_ o _ixtelolotli_; _totoixtli_, \"ojo del ave\"; _totolixtli_[^*] \"ojo de ave que vola\"; _tótotl íix_, lo mismo; _totolixtli_, \"ojo de gallina\"; _totolin íix_, lo mismo; _tlatlachía_, \"mira a diversas partes\"; \"ciégase\", _ixpopoyoti_; _niquixpopoyotilía_, \"ciégola\"; _niquixpitzinía_, \"arreviéntola el ojo\"; _niquixtelolopitzinía_, lo mismo; _niquixmauhtía_, \"atemorízole los ojos\"; _ninixcueyonía_, \"abro y cierro el ojo\"; _ixquenpalli_, \"los párpados de los ojos\"; _ic icopi_, \"con ellas cubre el ojo\", \"con ellas abre\"; _ic mixcueyonía_, \"con ellas abre el ojo\"; _mixpepeyotza_, \"abre y cierra muchas veces\".\n\nLas cabezas de las aves se llaman _tototzontecómatl_. Quiere decir \"cabeza de ave\". _Cuauhtzontecómatl_, \"cabeza de águila\"; _totoltzontecómatl_, \"cabeza de gallina\"; _canauhtzontecómatl_, \"cabeza de pato\", etcétera. _Cuatextli_, \"los sesos\"; _cuatetextli_, lo mismo; _tótotl icuatexyo_, \"sesos de ave\"; _tatolin icuatexyo_, \"sesos de gallina\"; _tótotl icuaxícal_, \"el hueco de la cabeza del ave\".\n\n_Quechtli_ quiere decir \"pescuezo\"; _quechéhuatl_ quiere decir \"cuero del pescuezo\"; _quechtetepontli_ son\n\n\n[^*]: Debe decir _tótotl ixtli_.","html":"<p><em>tlacuacua</em>, &quot;con el pico come&quot;.</p>\n<p>Las aves tienen ojos, y llámanse <em>ixtli</em> o <em>ixtelolotli</em>; <em>totoixtli</em>, &quot;ojo del ave&quot;; <em>totolixtli</em><sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> &quot;ojo de ave que vola&quot;; <em>tótotl íix</em>, lo mismo; <em>totolixtli</em>, &quot;ojo de gallina&quot;; <em>totolin íix</em>, lo mismo; <em>tlatlachía</em>, &quot;mira a diversas partes&quot;; &quot;ciégase&quot;, <em>ixpopoyoti</em>; <em>niquixpopoyotilía</em>, &quot;ciégola&quot;; <em>niquixpitzinía</em>, &quot;arreviéntola el ojo&quot;; <em>niquixtelolopitzinía</em>, lo mismo; <em>niquixmauhtía</em>, &quot;atemorízole los ojos&quot;; <em>ninixcueyonía</em>, &quot;abro y cierro el ojo&quot;; <em>ixquenpalli</em>, &quot;los párpados de los ojos&quot;; <em>ic icopi</em>, &quot;con ellas cubre el ojo&quot;, &quot;con ellas abre&quot;; <em>ic mixcueyonía</em>, &quot;con ellas abre el ojo&quot;; <em>mixpepeyotza</em>, &quot;abre y cierra muchas veces&quot;.</p>\n<p>Las cabezas de las aves se llaman <em>tototzontecómatl</em>. Quiere decir &quot;cabeza de ave&quot;. <em>Cuauhtzontecómatl</em>, &quot;cabeza de águila&quot;; <em>totoltzontecómatl</em>, &quot;cabeza de gallina&quot;; <em>canauhtzontecómatl</em>, &quot;cabeza de pato&quot;, etcétera. <em>Cuatextli</em>, &quot;los sesos&quot;; <em>cuatetextli</em>, lo mismo; <em>tótotl icuatexyo</em>, &quot;sesos de ave&quot;; <em>tatolin icuatexyo</em>, &quot;sesos de gallina&quot;; <em>tótotl icuaxícal</em>, &quot;el hueco de la cabeza del ave&quot;.</p>\n<p><em>Quechtli</em> quiere decir &quot;pescuezo&quot;; <em>quechéhuatl</em> quiere decir &quot;cuero del pescuezo&quot;; <em>quechtetepontli</em> son</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Debe decir <em>tótotl ixtli</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"e0bd0061-b5bc-4492-b3d0-a96022557ddd","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"tlacuahcua,” [that is,] “It eats with its beak.”\n\nBirds have eyes, and they are called _ixtli_ or _ixtelolohtli_. _Totoixtli_, “eye of the bird.” _Totolixtli_, “eye of a flying bird.” _Tototl iix_, [meaning] the same. _Totolixtli_, “hen’s eye.” _Totolin iix_, [meaning] the same. _Tlahtlachiya_, “It gazes at different places.” “It becomes blind,” _ixpopoyoti_. _Niquixpopoyotilia_, “I blind it.” _Niquixpitzinia_, “I pop out its eye.” _Niquixtelolopitzinia_, [meaning] the same. _Niquixmauhtia_, “I strike fear in his or her eye.” _Ninixcueyonia_, “I close and open my eye.” _Ixquempalli_, “the eyelids.” _Ic ixcopi_, “It covers the eye with them.” _Mixpepeyotza_, “It keeps opening and closing.”\n\nBirds’ heads are called _tototzontecomatl_, which means “bird’s head.” _Cuauhtzontecomatl_, “eagle’s head.” _Tototzontecomatl_, “chicken’s head.” _Canauhtzontecomatl_, “duck’s head,” et cetera. _Cuatextli_, “brains.” _Cuatetextli_, [meaning] the same. _Tototl icuatexyo_, “bird’s brains.” _Totolin icuatexyo_, “chicken’s brains.” _Tototl icuaxical_, “the hollow of a bird’s head.”\n\n_Quechtli_ means “neck.” _Quechehuatl_ means “skin of the neck.” _Quechtetepontli_ are","html":"<p>tlacuahcua,” [that is,] “It eats with its beak.”</p>\n<p>Birds have eyes, and they are called <em>ixtli</em> or <em>ixtelolohtli</em>. <em>Totoixtli</em>, “eye of the bird.” <em>Totolixtli</em>, “eye of a flying bird.” <em>Tototl iix</em>, [meaning] the same. <em>Totolixtli</em>, “hen’s eye.” <em>Totolin iix</em>, [meaning] the same. <em>Tlahtlachiya</em>, “It gazes at different places.” “It becomes blind,” <em>ixpopoyoti</em>. <em>Niquixpopoyotilia</em>, “I blind it.” <em>Niquixpitzinia</em>, “I pop out its eye.” <em>Niquixtelolopitzinia</em>, [meaning] the same. <em>Niquixmauhtia</em>, “I strike fear in his or her eye.” <em>Ninixcueyonia</em>, “I close and open my eye.” <em>Ixquempalli</em>, “the eyelids.” <em>Ic ixcopi</em>, “It covers the eye with them.” <em>Mixpepeyotza</em>, “It keeps opening and closing.”</p>\n<p>Birds’ heads are called <em>tototzontecomatl</em>, which means “bird’s head.” <em>Cuauhtzontecomatl</em>, “eagle’s head.” <em>Tototzontecomatl</em>, “chicken’s head.” <em>Canauhtzontecomatl</em>, “duck’s head,” et cetera. <em>Cuatextli</em>, “brains.” <em>Cuatetextli</em>, [meaning] the same. <em>Tototl icuatexyo</em>, “bird’s brains.” <em>Totolin icuatexyo</em>, “chicken’s brains.” <em>Tototl icuaxical</em>, “the hollow of a bird’s head.”</p>\n<p><em>Quechtli</em> means “neck.” <em>Quechehuatl</em> means “skin of the neck.” <em>Quechtetepontli</em> are</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"a04e457e-1d75-4f2a-942a-88056ae3f8c2","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[to]totl in jten: ic tlachoponja, tlachopinja, tlachochopotza, tlaquâqua.\n\nIxtli: ixtelolotli, totoixtli, tototl iix, totolixtli, totolin yix: ic tlachia, tlatlachia, ixpopoioti, njqujxpopoiotilia, njqujxpitzinja, njqujxtelolopitzinja, njqujxmauhtia, mjxcueionja, njqujxteloloqujxtia.\n\nIxquempalli: ic hicopi, ic mjxcueionja, mjxpeionja, mjxpepeiotza, ixpeiotl, ic atlan tlachia.\n\nTzontecomatl: mjtoa tototzontecomatl; quauhtzontecomatl, totoltzontecomatl, canauhtzontecomatl. etc.\n\nQuatextli: quatetextli, totolin, tototl iquatexio:\n\nQuaxicalli, tototl iquaxical.\n\nQuechtli: quechooatl, quechtetepontli, quechquauhiotl: mjtoa totolin, tototl iquech[quauhio,]","html":"<p>[to]totl in jten: ic tlachoponja, tlachopinja, tlachochopotza, tlaquâqua.</p>\n<p>Ixtli: ixtelolotli, totoixtli, tototl iix, totolixtli, totolin yix: ic tlachia, tlatlachia, ixpopoioti, njqujxpopoiotilia, njqujxpitzinja, njqujxtelolopitzinja, njqujxmauhtia, mjxcueionja, njqujxteloloqujxtia.</p>\n<p>Ixquempalli: ic hicopi, ic mjxcueionja, mjxpeionja, mjxpepeiotza, ixpeiotl, ic atlan tlachia.</p>\n<p>Tzontecomatl: mjtoa tototzontecomatl; quauhtzontecomatl, totoltzontecomatl, canauhtzontecomatl. etc.</p>\n<p>Quatextli: quatetextli, totolin, tototl iquatexio:</p>\n<p>Quaxicalli, tototl iquaxical.</p>\n<p>Quechtli: quechooatl, quechtetepontli, quechquauhiotl: mjtoa totolin, tototl iquech[quauhio,]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"2b688d30-e757-4260-8bb5-23e2b1eac263","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"bird&#8217;s bill: with it, it picks, it pecks; it devours, it feeds.\n\nEye: the eye, the bird&#8217;s eye, the eye of a bird; the turkey&#8217;s eye, the eye of a turkey. With it, it looks, it looks in different directions, it becomes blind.\n\nI blind one; I smash it in the eye; I smash it in the eyeball. I put fear in its eye. It opens its eye. I remove its eyeball.\n\nEyelid: with it, it covers [the eye]; with it, it opens, it covers its eye; it blinks. With the eye covering it sees in the water.\n\nHead: one refers to a bird&#8217;s head, an eagle&#8217;s head, a turkey&#8217;s head, a duck&#8217;s head, etc.\n\nBrain, brains: the brain of a turkey, of a bird.\n\nSkull: the skull of a bird.\n\nNeck, neck skin, neck joints, cervical vertebrae: one speaks of","html":"<p>bird’s bill: with it, it picks, it pecks; it devours, it feeds.</p>\n<p>Eye: the eye, the bird’s eye, the eye of a bird; the turkey’s eye, the eye of a turkey. With it, it looks, it looks in different directions, it becomes blind.</p>\n<p>I blind one; I smash it in the eye; I smash it in the eyeball. I put fear in its eye. It opens its eye. I remove its eyeball.</p>\n<p>Eyelid: with it, it covers [the eye]; with it, it opens, it covers its eye; it blinks. With the eye covering it sees in the water.</p>\n<p>Head: one refers to a bird’s head, an eagle’s head, a turkey’s head, a duck’s head, etc.</p>\n<p>Brain, brains: the brain of a turkey, of a bird.</p>\n<p>Skull: the skull of a bird.</p>\n<p>Neck, neck skin, neck joints, cervical vertebrae: one speaks of</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"59v"}