{"id":"a7e9aafe-7694-44bb-8feb-78475e7bfa00","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/62r/","folio":"62r","book":"11"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/61v/","folio":"61v","book":"11"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/62v/","folio":"62v","book":"11"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/76250576-da1e-4a19-b51b-407b7ebb5abd/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/76250576-da1e-4a19-b51b-407b7ebb5abd/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/76250576-da1e-4a19-b51b-407b7ebb5abd/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/76250576-da1e-4a19-b51b-407b7ebb5abd/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/76250576-da1e-4a19-b51b-407b7ebb5abd/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/76250576-da1e-4a19-b51b-407b7ebb5abd/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/76250576-da1e-4a19-b51b-407b7ebb5abd/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/3_214r.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/76250576-da1e-4a19-b51b-407b7ebb5abd/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_3_11.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/c08cba47-eb09-4b6b-abda-6506ed1ee0e1/","canvas_label":{"en":["62r"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","book_title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"123955cc-65c7-4c26-87a8-f871f64d1242","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"[se]mejantes a los de Castilla. Llámanse _michi_. Son semejantes en la cola, que la tienen hendida o horcajada, y también en las alillas y en las escamas, y en tener el cuerpo ancho y el cuello grueso, y en ser ligeros, y en que se deslizan de las manos.\n\nLos peces de la mar se llaman _tlacamichi_; quiere decir \"peces grandes\", \"peces que andan en la mar\", que son buenos de comer. Estos peces grandes comen a los pequeños.\n\nLas anguillas o congrios se llaman _coamichi_, que quiere decir \"culebra pez\". Dícese \"culebra\" porque es largo como la culebra, y tiene la cabeza como la culebra; y dícese \"pez\" porque tiene la cola como pez, y tiene alillas como pez.\n\nLa tortuga de la mar se llama _chimalmichi_, que quiere decir \"rodela pez\", porque tiene redonda la concha como rodela; y dícese pez porque tiene dentro pescado. \n\nHay un pescado en la mar que se","html":"<p>[se]mejantes a los de Castilla. Llámanse <em>michi</em>. Son semejantes en la cola, que la tienen hendida o horcajada, y también en las alillas y en las escamas, y en tener el cuerpo ancho y el cuello grueso, y en ser ligeros, y en que se deslizan de las manos.</p>\n<p>Los peces de la mar se llaman <em>tlacamichi</em>; quiere decir &quot;peces grandes&quot;, &quot;peces que andan en la mar&quot;, que son buenos de comer. Estos peces grandes comen a los pequeños.</p>\n<p>Las anguillas o congrios se llaman <em>coamichi</em>, que quiere decir &quot;culebra pez&quot;. Dícese &quot;culebra&quot; porque es largo como la culebra, y tiene la cabeza como la culebra; y dícese &quot;pez&quot; porque tiene la cola como pez, y tiene alillas como pez.</p>\n<p>La tortuga de la mar se llama <em>chimalmichi</em>, que quiere decir &quot;rodela pez&quot;, porque tiene redonda la concha como rodela; y dícese pez porque tiene dentro pescado.</p>\n<p>Hay un pescado en la mar que se</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"33376b48-66be-4a8c-a370-daff71f98bfb","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"to those from Castile. They are called _michin_. They are similar in their tail, which is split or parted in the middle, and also in their fins and scales; and in that they have a broad body and a thick neck, in that they are light and swift, and in that they slip off from one’s hands.\n\nThe fish of the sea are called _tlacamichin_, which means “big fish,” “fish that live in the sea,” and they are good to eat. These big fish eat the small ones.\n\nThe eels and the conger eels are called _coamichin_, which means “snake fish.” It is called “snake” because it is long like a snake and has a head like a snake; and it is called “fish” because it has a tail like a fish and fins like a fish.\n\nThe sea turtle is called _chimalmichin_, which means “shield fish,” because it has a shell that is round like a shield; and it is called “fish” because it has a fish inside.\n\nThere is a fish in the sea that is","html":"<p>to those from Castile. They are called <em>michin</em>. They are similar in their tail, which is split or parted in the middle, and also in their fins and scales; and in that they have a broad body and a thick neck, in that they are light and swift, and in that they slip off from one’s hands.</p>\n<p>The fish of the sea are called <em>tlacamichin</em>, which means “big fish,” “fish that live in the sea,” and they are good to eat. These big fish eat the small ones.</p>\n<p>The eels and the conger eels are called <em>coamichin</em>, which means “snake fish.” It is called “snake” because it is long like a snake and has a head like a snake; and it is called “fish” because it has a tail like a fish and fins like a fish.</p>\n<p>The sea turtle is called <em>chimalmichin</em>, which means “shield fish,” because it has a shell that is round like a shield; and it is called “fish” because it has a fish inside.</p>\n<p>There is a fish in the sea that is</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"47510d61-62e0-4695-a22c-515d06347d6a","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[mj]mjltic, patlachtic, cujtlapile, cujtlapilmaxaltic, amatlapale: tapalcaio, xoneoaio, xincaio; tlaque, tlactomaoac, cujtlapechtic, quechtomaoac, atlan chane, atlan nemjnj, atl yitic nemjnj, atlan calaqujnj, patlanjnj, çolonjnj: atlactic, petzcauhquj, njtlâtlama: qujtoznequj, mjchin njcaci; njmjchqua.\n\n##### Tlacamjchi. \nq. n. vei mjchi, vei apan, ilhujcaapan nemjnj: velic, haviac, qualonj, tlaçotli maviztic. Auh in jtlaqual: mjchtepitzitzin, mjchcocone.\n\n##### Coamjchi: \niuhqujn cooatl itzõtecon. Auh in jcujtlapil, in jatlapal, in jxincaio, çan ie ie in mjchi, vel chiaoa.\n\n##### Chimalmjchi:\nvei apan in nemj, iaoaltic, iuhqujn chimalli: cujtlapile, amatlapale: mjchtzontecomatl in jtzontecon. \n\n##### Totomjchi:\ninj moteneoa to[tomjchin,]","html":"<p>[mj]mjltic, patlachtic, cujtlapile, cujtlapilmaxaltic, amatlapale: tapalcaio, xoneoaio, xincaio; tlaque, tlactomaoac, cujtlapechtic, quechtomaoac, atlan chane, atlan nemjnj, atl yitic nemjnj, atlan calaqujnj, patlanjnj, çolonjnj: atlactic, petzcauhquj, njtlâtlama: qujtoznequj, mjchin njcaci; njmjchqua.</p>\n<h5>Tlacamjchi.</h5>\n<p>q. n. vei mjchi, vei apan, ilhujcaapan nemjnj: velic, haviac, qualonj, tlaçotli maviztic. Auh in jtlaqual: mjchtepitzitzin, mjchcocone.</p>\n<h5>Coamjchi:</h5>\n<p>iuhqujn cooatl itzõtecon. Auh in jcujtlapil, in jatlapal, in jxincaio, çan ie ie in mjchi, vel chiaoa.</p>\n<h5>Chimalmjchi:</h5>\n<p>vei apan in nemj, iaoaltic, iuhqujn chimalli: cujtlapile, amatlapale: mjchtzontecomatl in jtzontecon.</p>\n<h5>Totomjchi:</h5>\n<p>inj moteneoa to[tomjchin,]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"20469ec3-cc59-4a43-80c4-31081be99f8e","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"cylindrical, wide, tailed, with a forked tail; finned; covered with tile-shaped scales, scaled, scaly. They are corpulent, thick-bodied, compact, thick-necked. Water is their habitat; they are water-dwellers; they live in the water; they enter the water. They are flyers, darters. They are slippery, slick. *Nitlâtlama* means &#8220;I catch fish.&#8221; I eat fish.\n\n##### Tlacamichin[^4]\n\nThat is, a large fish, a dweller of the sea, the ocean: savory, good to the taste, edible, rare, wonderful. And its food is small fish, baby fish.\n\n##### Coamichin[^5]\n\nIts head is like that of a serpent. But its tail, its fins, its scales are the same as those of a fish. It is quite oily.\n\n##### Chimalmichin[^6]\n\nIt lives in the sea. It is round, like a shield. It has a tail, fins; its head is the head of a fish.\n\n##### Totomichin\n\nThis so-called \n\n\n\n\n[^4]: *Tlacamichin:* Described in Hernández, *op. cit.,* p. 398. See also Cecilio A. Robelo: *Diccionario de Mitologia Nahuatl* (Mexico: Ediciones Fuente Cultural, 1951), p. 340.\n\n\n[^5]: *Coamichin: Anguila* cuv. (Sahagún, Garibay ed., Vol. IV, p. 327). See also Hernández, *op. cit.,* p. 400.\n\n\n[^6]: *Chimalmichin: Chelonia imbricata*. Rafael Martín del Campo, &#8220;*Ensayo de interpretación del Libro Undécimo de la Historia de Sahagún,&#8221; *Anales del Instituto de Biología*, Vol. IX, Nos. 3 and 4 (Mexico, 1938), p. 390.","html":"<p>cylindrical, wide, tailed, with a forked tail; finned; covered with tile-shaped scales, scaled, scaly. They are corpulent, thick-bodied, compact, thick-necked. Water is their habitat; they are water-dwellers; they live in the water; they enter the water. They are flyers, darters. They are slippery, slick. <em>Nitlâtlama</em> means “I catch fish.” I eat fish.</p>\n<h5>Tlacamichin<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></h5>\n<p>That is, a large fish, a dweller of the sea, the ocean: savory, good to the taste, edible, rare, wonderful. And its food is small fish, baby fish.</p>\n<h5>Coamichin<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup></h5>\n<p>Its head is like that of a serpent. But its tail, its fins, its scales are the same as those of a fish. It is quite oily.</p>\n<h5>Chimalmichin<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup></h5>\n<p>It lives in the sea. It is round, like a shield. It has a tail, fins; its head is the head of a fish.</p>\n<h5>Totomichin</h5>\n<p>This so-called</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Tlacamichin:</em> Described in Hernández, <em>op. cit.,</em> p. 398. See also Cecilio A. Robelo: <em>Diccionario de Mitologia Nahuatl</em> (Mexico: Ediciones Fuente Cultural, 1951), p. 340.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>Coamichin: Anguila</em> cuv. (Sahagún, Garibay ed., Vol. IV, p. 327). See also Hernández, <em>op. cit.,</em> p. 400.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p><em>Chimalmichin: Chelonia imbricata</em>. Rafael Martín del Campo, “<em>Ensayo de interpretación del Libro Undécimo de la Historia de Sahagún,” *Anales del Instituto de Biología</em>, Vol. IX, Nos. 3 and 4 (Mexico, 1938), p. 390.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"62r"}