A las conchas del agua llaman tapachtli o atzcalli, ansí a las de los ríos como las de la mar. Por este nombre llaman al pescado que tienen dentro, y a la concha por sí. La concha llámase también ticicáxitl porque la usan las médicas para agorear. Estas conchas son cóncavas y anchas. En algunas dellas se crían perlas. Son recias como hueso. Son de diversas colores: unas blancas, otras verdes, otras coloradas. Algunas dellas por de dentro tienen un esmalte que representa diversas colores. Estas son aquéllas en que se hacen las perlas, que por otro nombre se llaman ostiones.
\nA las avaneras de los ríos llaman atzcalli. Véndenlas y cómenlas. Tienen la concha negra, como las de España, que se hacen en los ríos.
\nEl betón, que es como pez, que se use en esta tierra se llama chapopotli. Hácese en la mar. La mar lo echa a la orilla. De allí se coge.
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"ea6d3ef8-4333-4d56-9e4c-1522ed2151c7","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"They call water shells _tapachtli_ or _atzcalli_, both those from the rivers and those from the sea. They call the fish that they have inside by this name, as well as the shell itself. The shell is also called _ticicaxitl_, because female healers[^30] use it for divination. These shells are concave and wide. Pearls grow inside some of them. They are as hard as bone. They are different colors: some are white, others green, others red. Some of them have a glaze inside that glistens with different colors. These are the ones in which pearls are made, and they are called “oysters” by another name.\n\nThey call river mussels[^31] _atzcalli_. They sell them and eat them. They have a black shell, like the ones from Spain, and they grow in the rivers.\n\nBitumen, which is like tar and is used in this land, is called _chapopohtli_. It is made in the sea. The sea deposits it on the shore. This is where it is gathered. \n\n\n[^30]: “Female healers”:_ las médicas_; only the Spanish text specifies the gender of these healers.\n\n[^31]: “River mussels”: _avaneras de los ríos_.","html":"They call water shells tapachtli or atzcalli, both those from the rivers and those from the sea. They call the fish that they have inside by this name, as well as the shell itself. The shell is also called ticicaxitl, because female healers1 use it for divination. These shells are concave and wide. Pearls grow inside some of them. They are as hard as bone. They are different colors: some are white, others green, others red. Some of them have a glaze inside that glistens with different colors. These are the ones in which pearls are made, and they are called “oysters” by another name.
\nThey call river mussels2 atzcalli. They sell them and eat them. They have a black shell, like the ones from Spain, and they grow in the rivers.
\nBitumen, which is like tar and is used in this land, is called chapopohtli. It is made in the sea. The sea deposits it on the shore. This is where it is gathered.
\n[hicujtlapil]co; in tiqujtoa, icujtlapil mochioa: ieh icamacpa mochioa. Ca ieh vmpa oalqujztiuh, ieh vmpa in calaquj: injc calaquj, çan tzinjloti.
\nyoan itoca atzcalli, in jxqujch atlan nemj tapachnacatl: no itoca atzcalli, in jtapalcaio: in mjtoa ticicaxitl, nepapan tlapaltic, aiopaltic, iztac, xoxotla, caxtic pechtic, pechiuhquj: omjtl tlaquaoac.
\nçan no iehoatl in atzcalli, iehoatl in tapalcaiotl in omjtl, in petlanj, in pepetlaca.
\natzcaltontli, çan cana atlan mochioa, in amo vei apan: tepiton, tliltontli, catzactontli, pochectontli: qualonj.
\nvei atenco oalhuetzi: iuhqujn çoqujtl oalhuetzi.
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"aa892d77-2e02-48b4-88df-adebe5aafc21","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"its tail. What we say has become its tail has become its mouth. For from there it comes out; there it enters. As it enters, it only retreats.\n\n##### Tapachtli[^16]\n\nAlso its name is *atzcalli*.[^17] It is the flesh [and shell] of all which dwell in the water. Also the shell named *atzcalli* is called a “physician’s bowl.” [^18] They are varicolored—violet, white, crimson; concave, flat, flattish. The bone [center] is hard.\n\n##### Pearl\n\nIt is the same as the oyster. This shell is [like] bone. It shines, it glistens.\n\n##### Oyster\n\nThe little oyster just occurs in water, not in the sea. It is small—small and black, dark, smoky, edible.\n\n##### Bitumen\n\nIt falls out on the ocean shore; it falls out like mud.\n\n\n\n\n[^16]: *Tapachtli: Spondylus* sp. (*ibid.,* p. 12). Corresponding Spanish text: *”las conchas del agua … las de los rios, como las de la mar.”*\n\n\n[^17]: *Atzcalli:* in *loc. cit.,* synonym for *tapachtli*, and also *las avaneras de los rios;* in Molina (*Vocabulario*), *ostia de la mar;* in Ancona H. and Martín del Campo, *loc. cit., las conchas Unionidas de los géneros* Unio y Anodonta.\n\n\n[^18]: Corresponding Spanish text: “*la concha llamase tambien ticicaxitl, porque la usan las medicas para agorear.”*","html":"its tail. What we say has become its tail has become its mouth. For from there it comes out; there it enters. As it enters, it only retreats.
\nAlso its name is atzcalli.2 It is the flesh [and shell] of all which dwell in the water. Also the shell named atzcalli is called a “physician’s bowl.” 3 They are varicolored—violet, white, crimson; concave, flat, flattish. The bone [center] is hard.
\nIt is the same as the oyster. This shell is [like] bone. It shines, it glistens.
\nThe little oyster just occurs in water, not in the sea. It is small—small and black, dark, smoky, edible.
\nIt falls out on the ocean shore; it falls out like mud.
\nTapachtli: Spondylus sp. (ibid., p. 12). Corresponding Spanish text: ”las conchas del agua … las de los rios, como las de la mar.”↩
Atzcalli: in loc. cit., synonym for tapachtli, and also las avaneras de los rios; in Molina (Vocabulario), ostia de la mar; in Ancona H. and Martín del Campo, loc. cit., las conchas Unionidas de los géneros Unio y Anodonta.↩
Corresponding Spanish text: “la concha llamase tambien ticicaxitl, porque la usan las medicas para agorear.”↩