{"id":"0092370c-442a-4bfe-b3ea-e6712565bcb9","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/70r/","folio":"70r","book":"11"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/69v/","folio":"69v","book":"11"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/70v/","folio":"70v","book":"11"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/d0d1e351-1c03-48b2-9b7d-c70c49a28fd6/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/d0d1e351-1c03-48b2-9b7d-c70c49a28fd6/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/d0d1e351-1c03-48b2-9b7d-c70c49a28fd6/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/d0d1e351-1c03-48b2-9b7d-c70c49a28fd6/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/d0d1e351-1c03-48b2-9b7d-c70c49a28fd6/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/d0d1e351-1c03-48b2-9b7d-c70c49a28fd6/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/d0d1e351-1c03-48b2-9b7d-c70c49a28fd6/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/3_222r.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/d0d1e351-1c03-48b2-9b7d-c70c49a28fd6/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_3_11.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/1e6be5ba-3aa6-43aa-a2a8-a163494271fe/","canvas_label":{"en":["70r"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","book_title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"655587f5-47f4-4ead-8a19-cac5198a4473","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"Hay un animal en la mar que se llama _acipaquitli_. Es grande y largo y grueso. Tiene pies y manos, y grandes uñas, y alas, y cola larga, y llena de gajos, como un ramo de árbol. Hiere con la cola, y mata, y corta con ella lo que quiere. Come peces y trágalos vivos, y aun personas traga. Desmenuza con los dientes. Tiene la cara y dientes como de persona.\n\nA la nutria llaman _aitzcuintli_, la cual también anda en el agua. \n\nHay un animal del agua que llaman _acóyotl_. Es del grandor de un gozco o de un podenco. Tiene la lana larga y lisa, y no le cala el agua. Tiene el pecho blanco. Ya está dicho este animal entre los coyotes.","html":"<p>Hay un animal en la mar que se llama <em>acipaquitli</em>. Es grande y largo y grueso. Tiene pies y manos, y grandes uñas, y alas, y cola larga, y llena de gajos, como un ramo de árbol. Hiere con la cola, y mata, y corta con ella lo que quiere. Come peces y trágalos vivos, y aun personas traga. Desmenuza con los dientes. Tiene la cara y dientes como de persona.</p>\n<p>A la nutria llaman <em>aitzcuintli</em>, la cual también anda en el agua.</p>\n<p>Hay un animal del agua que llaman <em>acóyotl</em>. Es del grandor de un gozco o de un podenco. Tiene la lana larga y lisa, y no le cala el agua. Tiene el pecho blanco. Ya está dicho este animal entre los coyotes.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"41982711-268a-44e4-bed8-0ae07bc1453a","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"There is an animal in the sea that is called _acipaquihtli_. It is big, long, and thick. It has feet, hands, big claws, fins, and a long tail full of jagged segments, like a tree branch. It uses its tail to strike, and it kills and cuts anything it wants with it. It eats fish, which it swallows live, and it can even swallow people. It uses its teeth to chop [its prey] into little pieces. Its face and teeth are like a person’s.\n\nThey call the otter _aitzcuintli_, and it also lives in the water.\n\nThere is a water animal that they call _acoyotl_. It is as big as a mutt or a hound. Its pelt is long and smooth, and water cannot penetrate it. Its breast is white. This animal has already been mentioned among the coyotes.","html":"<p>There is an animal in the sea that is called <em>acipaquihtli</em>. It is big, long, and thick. It has feet, hands, big claws, fins, and a long tail full of jagged segments, like a tree branch. It uses its tail to strike, and it kills and cuts anything it wants with it. It eats fish, which it swallows live, and it can even swallow people. It uses its teeth to chop [its prey] into little pieces. Its face and teeth are like a person’s.</p>\n<p>They call the otter <em>aitzcuintli</em>, and it also lives in the water.</p>\n<p>There is a water animal that they call <em>acoyotl</em>. It is as big as a mutt or a hound. Its pelt is long and smooth, and water cannot penetrate it. Its breast is white. This animal has already been mentioned among the coyotes.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"d57c3f2e-5304-4457-9a20-804aef803aa2","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Acipaqujtli:\nvel veiapan in nemj, ilhujcaapan, ilhuicaatl yitic in nemj: viac tomaoac, tlactomaoac, mamae, ihicxe, izte; yoan amatlapale, cujtlapile: in jcujtlapil tzitziqujltic, viac, iehoatl itequaia muchioa, imaquauh ipan povi, ic tlavitequj: in tlein qujvitequj, xelivi, tzontequj, tlâcocotonj. \nIn jtlaqual: mochintin in mjchteiccaoan: tlavitequj, tevitequj, tlatequj, tlatoloa, tetoloa, tlacamatema, tlatlãchiquivia, tlapetztoloa, tlapepetztoloa; tlapetztoloa tlateci, tlacuechooa.\n\nAitzcujntli: oipan mjto in chichi.\n\n##### Acoiotl:\natlan chane, vel atlan calaqujni, polaqujnj, atlan inentla: vel iuhqujn chichi, coiotl, injc tlachia, iece quappachtic; in jtomjo alaoac, pepetzca, haqujmatinj in atl, âpaltinj, hâacujnj,","html":"<h5>Acipaqujtli:</h5>\n<p>vel veiapan in nemj, ilhujcaapan, ilhuicaatl yitic in nemj: viac tomaoac, tlactomaoac, mamae, ihicxe, izte; yoan amatlapale, cujtlapile: in jcujtlapil tzitziqujltic, viac, iehoatl itequaia muchioa, imaquauh ipan povi, ic tlavitequj: in tlein qujvitequj, xelivi, tzontequj, tlâcocotonj.\nIn jtlaqual: mochintin in mjchteiccaoan: tlavitequj, tevitequj, tlatequj, tlatoloa, tetoloa, tlacamatema, tlatlãchiquivia, tlapetztoloa, tlapepetztoloa; tlapetztoloa tlateci, tlacuechooa.</p>\n<p>Aitzcujntli: oipan mjto in chichi.</p>\n<h5>Acoiotl:</h5>\n<p>atlan chane, vel atlan calaqujni, polaqujnj, atlan inentla: vel iuhqujn chichi, coiotl, injc tlachia, iece quappachtic; in jtomjo alaoac, pepetzca, haqujmatinj in atl, âpaltinj, hâacujnj,</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"69bf5ad2-63fd-46f5-80fd-8d9d82b545e9","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Acipaquitli[^2]\n\nIt really lives in the seas; it lives in the ocean, in the midst of the ocean. It is long, thick, thick-bodied. It has arms, it has feet, it has nails; and it has wings, it has a tail. Its tail is jagged, long. Its organ for eating serves as its sword. With it, it strikes. Whatsoever it strikes, it splits, beheads, chops to pieces.\n\nIts food is all the related fish. It strikes things, it strikes people, it cuts things. It swallows things; it swallows people. It fills its mouth, it gorges, it swallows things whole, it constantly swallows things whole. It swallows things whole, grinds them up, pulverizes them.\n\nThe otter has been mentioned among the dogs.\n\n##### Acoyotl\n\nIt is a water-dweller, one that really enters the water; a diver. Its dwelling-place is in the water. It appears just like a dog, a coyote, though tawny. Its fur is slippery, smooth, water-repellent, impermeable, not absorbent. \n\n\n\n\n[^2]: *Acipaquitli:* Sahagún, Garibay ed., Vol. IV, p. 319: *&#8221;Mala lectura de Cipactli&#8221;* (*Crocodylus* sp.). In Hernández, *Hist. Natural*, Vol. II, p. 398, it is *&#8221;pez que los latinos llaman *serra* y que vive en ambos océanos.&#8221;*","html":"<h5>Acipaquitli<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></h5>\n<p>It really lives in the seas; it lives in the ocean, in the midst of the ocean. It is long, thick, thick-bodied. It has arms, it has feet, it has nails; and it has wings, it has a tail. Its tail is jagged, long. Its organ for eating serves as its sword. With it, it strikes. Whatsoever it strikes, it splits, beheads, chops to pieces.</p>\n<p>Its food is all the related fish. It strikes things, it strikes people, it cuts things. It swallows things; it swallows people. It fills its mouth, it gorges, it swallows things whole, it constantly swallows things whole. It swallows things whole, grinds them up, pulverizes them.</p>\n<p>The otter has been mentioned among the dogs.</p>\n<h5>Acoyotl</h5>\n<p>It is a water-dweller, one that really enters the water; a diver. Its dwelling-place is in the water. It appears just like a dog, a coyote, though tawny. Its fur is slippery, smooth, water-repellent, impermeable, not absorbent.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Acipaquitli:</em> Sahagún, Garibay ed., Vol. IV, p. 319: <em>”Mala lectura de Cipactli”</em> (<em>Crocodylus</em> sp.). In Hernández, <em>Hist. Natural</em>, Vol. II, p. 398, it is <em>”pez que los latinos llaman *serra</em> y que vive en ambos océanos.”*<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"70r"}