{"id":"0ef9256e-315d-4d50-b870-e104b20ecb47","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/90r/","folio":"90r","book":"11"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/89v/","folio":"89v","book":"11"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/90v/","folio":"90v","book":"11"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/7cbc66f3-af5b-4839-bf99-a69049b308ef/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/7cbc66f3-af5b-4839-bf99-a69049b308ef/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/7cbc66f3-af5b-4839-bf99-a69049b308ef/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/7cbc66f3-af5b-4839-bf99-a69049b308ef/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/7cbc66f3-af5b-4839-bf99-a69049b308ef/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/7cbc66f3-af5b-4839-bf99-a69049b308ef/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/7cbc66f3-af5b-4839-bf99-a69049b308ef/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/3_242r.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/7cbc66f3-af5b-4839-bf99-a69049b308ef/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_3_11.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/1354b17a-7462-480b-8e0e-57cc3e36b26c/","canvas_label":{"en":["90r"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","book_title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"f64dd70a-fadc-4b6e-b6d3-ee2769e3d124","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"Hay otra culebra que se llama _xicalcóatl_; quiere decir \"culebra de xícara\". Hay unas grandes; otras pequeñas. Críanse en el agua. Cuando son grandes tienen en el lomo natural nacida una xícara muy pintada de todas colores y todos labores. Esta culebra, cuando quiere cazar personas, llégase a donde pasan caminantes, y demuestra la xícara sobre el agua, que anda nadando. Y ella escóndese debaxo della, que no parece. Y los que pasan por allí, como ven la xícara, éntranse en el agua a tomarle. Y ella poco a poco se va allegando hacia lo hondo, y el que va a tomarla vase tras ella; y llegando a donde está hondo, comienza a turbarse el agua, y hace","html":"<p>Hay otra culebra que se llama <em>xicalcóatl</em>; quiere decir &quot;culebra de xícara&quot;. Hay unas grandes; otras pequeñas. Críanse en el agua. Cuando son grandes tienen en el lomo natural nacida una xícara muy pintada de todas colores y todos labores. Esta culebra, cuando quiere cazar personas, llégase a donde pasan caminantes, y demuestra la xícara sobre el agua, que anda nadando. Y ella escóndese debaxo della, que no parece. Y los que pasan por allí, como ven la xícara, éntranse en el agua a tomarle. Y ella poco a poco se va allegando hacia lo hondo, y el que va a tomarla vase tras ella; y llegando a donde está hondo, comienza a turbarse el agua, y hace</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"83143184-5dbb-404f-9ada-25f7cf093f60","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"There is another snake that is called _xicalcoatl_; it means “_jícara_ snake.”[^50] Some of them are big; others are small. They live in the water. When they are mature, they have on their back a naturally produced _jícara_ that is well decorated with every color and all kinds of designs. Whenever this snake wants to hunt people, it goes to a place where wayfarers are passing by and shows its _jícara_ on the water, as it keeps swimming. And it hides under [the _jícara_] [in such a way] that [the snake] is not visible. And those who are passing by there wade into the water when they see the _jícara_, in order to take it. And [the snake] gradually goes down toward the deep, and the one who goes to take it goes after it. And as it reaches a deep spot, the water begins to stir, making \n\n\n[^50]: _jícara_: Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl word _xicalli_ (gourd).","html":"<p>There is another snake that is called <em>xicalcoatl</em>; it means “<em>jícara</em> snake.”<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> Some of them are big; others are small. They live in the water. When they are mature, they have on their back a naturally produced <em>jícara</em> that is well decorated with every color and all kinds of designs. Whenever this snake wants to hunt people, it goes to a place where wayfarers are passing by and shows its <em>jícara</em> on the water, as it keeps swimming. And it hides under [the <em>jícara</em>] [in such a way] that [the snake] is not visible. And those who are passing by there wade into the water when they see the <em>jícara</em>, in order to take it. And [the snake] gradually goes down toward the deep, and the one who goes to take it goes after it. And as it reaches a deep spot, the water begins to stir, making</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>jícara</em>: Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl word <em>xicalli</em> (gourd).<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"4bc1e838-6523-420e-82d5-21f976c1c66b","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Xicalcooatl:\nxicalli itech mjtoa, yoan cooatl cequj vei, cequj tepiton; atlan chane; qujtoa: inic vei cooatl, iuhqujn vei xicalpechtli icujtlapan manj. Auh in oc piltontli: iuhqujn xicaltontli, icujtlapan manj. Auh inin xicalli: vel itech cenqujzca ca in tlapalli, injc tlacujcujlolli, vel cujcujltic, tlamomoxôtolti cujcujlchampochtic.\n\nInin cooatl: vel itetlacaanaia, iuhqujn xicalli: in jquac tlamaznequj, pani valmoteca, iece amo monextia çannjo in xicalli in jcujtlapan mani in panj qujoalmana: nelli vel tetlanecti, iuhqujn aatocotinemj, (vellamomoxoltic. Auh in aqujmamatcaoa: in jicol in jztlaccomoc, in momati ca oqujmottili: auh ca oqujcnopilhuj, in cenca qualli xicalli, njman ontemo in atlan: in qujcujznequj çan mjquanjtiuh, vmpa qujtocatiuh, çan","html":"<h5>Xicalcooatl:</h5>\n<p>xicalli itech mjtoa, yoan cooatl cequj vei, cequj tepiton; atlan chane; qujtoa: inic vei cooatl, iuhqujn vei xicalpechtli icujtlapan manj. Auh in oc piltontli: iuhqujn xicaltontli, icujtlapan manj. Auh inin xicalli: vel itech cenqujzca ca in tlapalli, injc tlacujcujlolli, vel cujcujltic, tlamomoxôtolti cujcujlchampochtic.</p>\n<p>Inin cooatl: vel itetlacaanaia, iuhqujn xicalli: in jquac tlamaznequj, pani valmoteca, iece amo monextia çannjo in xicalli in jcujtlapan mani in panj qujoalmana: nelli vel tetlanecti, iuhqujn aatocotinemj, (vellamomoxoltic. Auh in aqujmamatcaoa: in jicol in jztlaccomoc, in momati ca oqujmottili: auh ca oqujcnopilhuj, in cenca qualli xicalli, njman ontemo in atlan: in qujcujznequj çan mjquanjtiuh, vmpa qujtocatiuh, çan</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"170c633e-c9a2-4f19-893b-f30d7c19dbe5","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Xicalcoatl[^1]\n\nIt is named for *xicalli* and *coatl*. Some are large, some small; they are water-dwellers. They say of the large serpent that something like a large gourd bowlies upon its back; and of the still small one that something like a small gourd bowl lies upon its back. And this gourd bowl: the coloring with which it is painted is part of it. It is well painted; it is intricately designed,[^2] like ear pendants.\n\nThis serpent&#8217;s organ for hunting people is like a gourd bowl. When it wishes to hunt, it extends itself along the surface [of the water]; however, it shows nothing of itself except the gourd bowl which is upon its back, which it places on the surface. Indeed it makes it desirable, as if it were going carried by the water, intricately designed. And an ignorant one with avarice, with covetousness, considers that it has been shown to him, and that he merits a very good gourd bowl; then he descends into the water. When he wishes to take it, it only goes drifting away; he goes to follow it there; little by little \n\n\n\n\n[^1]: *Xicalcoatl:* unident. watersnake (Santamaría, *op. cit.,* p. 633; *jicalcoate*).\n\n\n[^2]: *Acad. Hist. MS: tlamomoxoltic*.","html":"<h5>Xicalcoatl<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></h5>\n<p>It is named for <em>xicalli</em> and <em>coatl</em>. Some are large, some small; they are water-dwellers. They say of the large serpent that something like a large gourd bowlies upon its back; and of the still small one that something like a small gourd bowl lies upon its back. And this gourd bowl: the coloring with which it is painted is part of it. It is well painted; it is intricately designed,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> like ear pendants.</p>\n<p>This serpent’s organ for hunting people is like a gourd bowl. When it wishes to hunt, it extends itself along the surface [of the water]; however, it shows nothing of itself except the gourd bowl which is upon its back, which it places on the surface. Indeed it makes it desirable, as if it were going carried by the water, intricately designed. And an ignorant one with avarice, with covetousness, considers that it has been shown to him, and that he merits a very good gourd bowl; then he descends into the water. When he wishes to take it, it only goes drifting away; he goes to follow it there; little by little</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Xicalcoatl:</em> unident. watersnake (Santamaría, <em>op. cit.,</em> p. 633; <em>jicalcoate</em>).<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>Acad. Hist. MS: tlamomoxoltic</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"90r"}