{"id":"553d8ea8-e076-4b51-b061-aab5ed9db720","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/99v/","folio":"99v","book":"11"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/99r/","folio":"99r","book":"11"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/folio/100r/","folio":"100r","book":"11"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0c3421ae-ffe1-45ca-bdd7-538b87fdea7d/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0c3421ae-ffe1-45ca-bdd7-538b87fdea7d/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0c3421ae-ffe1-45ca-bdd7-538b87fdea7d/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0c3421ae-ffe1-45ca-bdd7-538b87fdea7d/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0c3421ae-ffe1-45ca-bdd7-538b87fdea7d/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0c3421ae-ffe1-45ca-bdd7-538b87fdea7d/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0c3421ae-ffe1-45ca-bdd7-538b87fdea7d/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/3_251v.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0c3421ae-ffe1-45ca-bdd7-538b87fdea7d/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_3_11.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/28bd700a-497b-434c-8eb7-98fe93a02369/","canvas_label":{"en":["99v"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","book_title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores.","book_number":"11","total_folios":508,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"cecb68a2-c45d-41e2-b564-3beab8a04c5a","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"Hay otra manera de abejas que llaman _pipiyoli_. Son menores que las ya dichas. También hacen cuevas para hacer su miel. Hacen miel muy amarilla. Es buena de comer.\n\nHay otras abejas que llaman _mimiáhuatl_. Hacen miel en los árboles. Hacen una caxa a manera de alquitara, y dentro hacen sus panales, y hínchenlos de miel. No engendran como los otros animales, sino dentro de los panales hacen sus hijos, como gusanillos blancos. Hayían [_sic_] como las abejas de Castillan. Hacen muy buena miel.","html":"<p>Hay otra manera de abejas que llaman <em>pipiyoli</em>. Son menores que las ya dichas. También hacen cuevas para hacer su miel. Hacen miel muy amarilla. Es buena de comer.</p>\n<p>Hay otras abejas que llaman <em>mimiáhuatl</em>. Hacen miel en los árboles. Hacen una caxa a manera de alquitara, y dentro hacen sus panales, y hínchenlos de miel. No engendran como los otros animales, sino dentro de los panales hacen sus hijos, como gusanillos blancos. Hayían [<em>sic</em>] como las abejas de Castillan. Hacen muy buena miel.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"6e8ca32a-72b6-4600-8a13-1204498cc127","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"There is another type of bee that they call _pipiyolin_. They are smaller than the ones already mentioned. They also dig burrows in order to make their honey. The honey that they make is very yellow. It is good to eat.\n\nThere are other bees that they call _mimiyahuatl_. They make honey in trees. They make a box like a still,[^54] and they make their honeycombs inside of it and fill them up with honey. They do not breed like other animals but instead produce their offspring—which are like little white worms—inside the honeycombs. They transform and fly like the bees from Castile.[^55] They make very good honey. \n\n\n[^54]: “They make a box like a still”: “Hacen una caxa a manera de alquitara.”\n\n[^55]: “They transform . . . Castile”: “Hayían [_sic_] como las abejas de Castillan.” The scribe made an error in transcribing the initial verb, which may have been _aguijan_ (they sting). I follow, however, the sense of the corresponding Nahuatl sentence, which says, “Ocuilin mocuepa, çatepan patlani” (They transform into worms and fly afterward).","html":"<p>There is another type of bee that they call <em>pipiyolin</em>. They are smaller than the ones already mentioned. They also dig burrows in order to make their honey. The honey that they make is very yellow. It is good to eat.</p>\n<p>There are other bees that they call <em>mimiyahuatl</em>. They make honey in trees. They make a box like a still,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> and they make their honeycombs inside of it and fill them up with honey. They do not breed like other animals but instead produce their offspring—which are like little white worms—inside the honeycombs. They transform and fly like the bees from Castile.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> They make very good honey.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“They make a box like a still”: “Hacen una caxa a manera de alquitara.”<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>“They transform . . . Castile”: “Hayían [<em>sic</em>] como las abejas de Castillan.” The scribe made an error in transcribing the initial verb, which may have been <em>aguijan</em> (they sting). I follow, however, the sense of the corresponding Nahuatl sentence, which says, “Ocuilin mocuepa, çatepan patlani” (They transform into worms and fly afterward).<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"1418e12f-c96a-4ebf-bdb2-135283196229","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Pipiioli:\ntepiton, itloc in xicotli, ololtontli, coziaiacpil, tlallan in jchan in tlacati, tlallan monecutia: in jnecu coztic, iuhqujn tomjioli, anoço tecuçavitl: qujqujnacanj, patlanjnj, patlanj: tlachîchina, monecutia, motlallancuezcontia; patlanj, papatlanj, patlantinemj. \n\n##### Mimjaoatl: \npitzaoac, tacapitztontli; oc cenca vmpã nemj in tonaian, yoan quauhtla: amatlapale, mamae, temjnanj, monecutianj, mocaltianj: in jcal qujqujztic. Auh çan ie, in tlacatinj necutli: no iuhqujn xicotli, no iuhqujn pipiioli.\n\nIn qujchioa inecu: iehoatl in mjtoa quauhnecutli. Auh injc motlapana: injc moxinachoa, amo moquequeça, in juh ioiolitzitzin: çan ie in necutli ioli, intlacamo cujva, intlacamo oalnoqujlo in jnecu. In oc atic,","html":"<h5>Pipiioli:</h5>\n<p>tepiton, itloc in xicotli, ololtontli, coziaiacpil, tlallan in jchan in tlacati, tlallan monecutia: in jnecu coztic, iuhqujn tomjioli, anoço tecuçavitl: qujqujnacanj, patlanjnj, patlanj: tlachîchina, monecutia, motlallancuezcontia; patlanj, papatlanj, patlantinemj.</p>\n<h5>Mimjaoatl:</h5>\n<p>pitzaoac, tacapitztontli; oc cenca vmpã nemj in tonaian, yoan quauhtla: amatlapale, mamae, temjnanj, monecutianj, mocaltianj: in jcal qujqujztic. Auh çan ie, in tlacatinj necutli: no iuhqujn xicotli, no iuhqujn pipiioli.</p>\n<p>In qujchioa inecu: iehoatl in mjtoa quauhnecutli. Auh injc motlapana: injc moxinachoa, amo moquequeça, in juh ioiolitzitzin: çan ie in necutli ioli, intlacamo cujva, intlacamo oalnoqujlo in jnecu. In oc atic,</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"defaf6af-e0a9-4bea-9afe-05f00cb25c14","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"##### Pipiolin[^2]\n\nIt is small, similar to the *xicotli*, it is small and round, dark yellowish. Its hive is underground, where it breeds. It produces honey underground. Its honey is yellow, like *tomiolin*, or like yellow ochre. It is a buzzer, a flyer; it flies, sucks, produces honey; it stores [honey] underground. It flies, flies constantly, flies rapidly.\n\n##### Mimiauatl\n\nIt is slender, small and constricted. It lives especially there in the hot lands and in the forests. It has wings, it has arms; it is a stinger of people; it is a producer of honey. Its hive [has holes] going clear through. But nevertheless, it is a producer of honey like the *xicotli*, also like the *pipiolin*.\n\nWhen it makes its honey, it is the so-called wild honey. And as they hatch, as they breed, they do not fertilize one another, like the small insects. The very honey is alive, if it is not taken away, if the honey is not poured out. When still aqueous, \n\n\n\n\n[^2]: *Pipiolin: abeja silvestre* (Santamaría, *op. cit.,* p. 858: *pipiol*).","html":"<h5>Pipiolin<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></h5>\n<p>It is small, similar to the <em>xicotli</em>, it is small and round, dark yellowish. Its hive is underground, where it breeds. It produces honey underground. Its honey is yellow, like <em>tomiolin</em>, or like yellow ochre. It is a buzzer, a flyer; it flies, sucks, produces honey; it stores [honey] underground. It flies, flies constantly, flies rapidly.</p>\n<h5>Mimiauatl</h5>\n<p>It is slender, small and constricted. It lives especially there in the hot lands and in the forests. It has wings, it has arms; it is a stinger of people; it is a producer of honey. Its hive [has holes] going clear through. But nevertheless, it is a producer of honey like the <em>xicotli</em>, also like the <em>pipiolin</em>.</p>\n<p>When it makes its honey, it is the so-called wild honey. And as they hatch, as they breed, they do not fertilize one another, like the small insects. The very honey is alive, if it is not taken away, if the honey is not poured out. When still aqueous,</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Pipiolin: abeja silvestre</em> (Santamaría, <em>op. cit.,</em> p. 858: <em>pipiol</em>).<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"99v"}