[her]mosas y olorosas, hechas en sartales y en guirnaldas y compuestas para las manos, y pusiéronlas em platos muy pintados y muy grandes, hechos de calabazas. Y tanbién llevaron collares de oro y de piedras. Llegando Motecuzoma a los españoles a lugar que llaman Huitzillan, que es cabe el hospital de la Conceptión, luego allí mismo Motecuzoma puso un collar de oro y de piedras al capitán don Hernando Cortés, y dio flores y guirnaldas a todos los demás capitanes, habiendo dado el mismo Motecuzoma este presente como ellos lo usaban hacer. Luego don Hernando Cortés preguntó al mismo Motecuzoma, y Motecuzoma respondió: "Yo soy Motecuzoma". Y entonce humillóse delante del capitán, haciéndole gran reverencia, y enhiestóse luego de cara a cara el capitán cerca dél, y comenzóle a hablar desta manera: "¡Oh, señor nuestro! Seáis muy bien venido. Habéis llegado a vuestra tierra, a vuestro pueblo y a vuestra casa, México. Habéis venido a sentaros en vuestro trono y vuestra silla, el cual yo en vuestro nombre he poseído algunos días. Otros señores ya son muertos; le tuvieron ante que yo. El uno que se llamaba Itzcóatl; y el otro,
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"f006ee3f-4ec0-421b-ab98-7272ecf58d1a","choice":{"en":["Spanish by Lockhart 1993"],"es":["Español por Lockhart 1993"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(Lockhart 1993)","markdown":"[her]mosas y olorosas hechas en sartales y en guirnaldas y compuestas para las manos y pusieronlas em platos muy pintados y muy grādes hechos de calabaças, y tanbien lleuaron collares de oro y de piedras. \n\nLlegando Motecuçoma a los españoles a lugar[^79] que llamā vitzillan que es cabe el hospital de la conception, luego alli el mismo Motecuçoma puso vn collar de oro y de piedras al capitan Don hernādo cortes y dio flores guirnaldas a todos los demas capitanes \n\naviendo dado el mismo Motecuçoma este presente como ellos lo vsauā hazer, luego Don hernando cortes pregunto al mismo Motecuçoma? y Motecuçoma respondio, yo soy Motecuçoma y entonce humillose delante del capitan haziendole gran reuerencia y enyestose luego de cara a cara. El capitan cerca del y començole a hablar desta manera. \n\nO señor nuestro seays muy bienvenido aveys llegado a vuestra tierra a v̄r̄o pueblo y a vuestra casa mexico! Aveys venido a sentaros en vuestro trono y vuestra silla el qual yo en v̄r̄o nombre he poseydo algunos dias otros señores ya son muertos le tuvieron ante que yo: el vno que se llamaua Itzcoatl y el otro \n\n[^79]: A LUGAR. An earlier version no doubt had “al lugar” or “a un lugar” instead.","html":"[her]mosas y olorosas hechas en sartales y en guirnaldas y compuestas para las manos y pusieronlas em platos muy pintados y muy grādes hechos de calabaças, y tanbien lleuaron collares de oro y de piedras.
\nLlegando Motecuçoma a los españoles a lugar1 que llamā vitzillan que es cabe el hospital de la conception, luego alli el mismo Motecuçoma puso vn collar de oro y de piedras al capitan Don hernādo cortes y dio flores guirnaldas a todos los demas capitanes
\naviendo dado el mismo Motecuçoma este presente como ellos lo vsauā hazer, luego Don hernando cortes pregunto al mismo Motecuçoma? y Motecuçoma respondio, yo soy Motecuçoma y entonce humillose delante del capitan haziendole gran reuerencia y enyestose luego de cara a cara. El capitan cerca del y començole a hablar desta manera.
\nO señor nuestro seays muy bienvenido aveys llegado a vuestra tierra a v̄r̄o pueblo y a vuestra casa mexico! Aveys venido a sentaros en vuestro trono y vuestra silla el qual yo en v̄r̄o nombre he poseydo algunos dias otros señores ya son muertos le tuvieron ante que yo: el vno que se llamaua Itzcoatl y el otro
\nA LUGAR. An earlier version no doubt had “al lugar” or “a un lugar” instead.↩
in chains, wreaths, and arrangements for the hands, and they put them in very large and well-painted dishes made of gourds. They also took necklaces of gold and fine stones.
\nWhen Moteucçoma reached the Spaniards, at the place79 they call Huitzillan, near the Hospital of La Concepción, there Moteucçoma himself put a necklace of gold and fine stones on Captain don Hernando Cortés, and gave flowers and garlands to all the other captains.
\nAfter Moteucçoma himself had given this present, as they were accustomed to do, don Hernando Cortés asked Moteucçoma himself [if it was he], and Moteucçoma replied, "I am Moteucçoma." Then he prostrated himself before the captain, doing him great reverence, and then he raised himself face to face with the captain, very close to him. He began to speak to him in this fashion:
\n"O our lord, you are very welcome. You have reached your land, your settlement, your home Mexico. You have come to sit on your throne and seat, which I have possessed for some days in your name. Other lords, now dead, had it before me; one was named Itzcoatl, another
\n79 A LUGAR (in the Spanish) An earlier version no doubt had "al lugar" or "a un lugar" instead.
\n","citation_key":"citation_lockhart_spanish_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by Lockhart 1993"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por Lockhart 1993"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"c0725d7b-215e-4028-ac11-c176f614c590","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Lockhart 1993"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Lockhart 1993"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Lockhart 1993)","markdown":"his rulers and nobles. Then they went to the meeting. On gourd bases they set out different precious flowers; in the midst of the shield flowers and heart flowers stood popcorn flowers, yellow tobacco flowers, cacao flowers, [made into] wreaths for the head, wreaths to be girded around. And they carried golden necklaces, necklaces with pendants, wide necklaces.\n\nAnd when Moteucçoma went out to meet them at Huitzillan, thereupon he gave various things to the war leader, the commander of the warriors; he gave him flowers, he put necklaces on him, he put flower necklaces on him, he girded him with flowers, he put flower wreaths on his head. Then he laid before him the golden necklaces, all the different things for greeting people. He ended by putting some of the necklaces on him.\n\nThen [Cortés] said in reply to Moteucçoma, “Is it not you? Is it not you then? Moteucçoma?”\n\nMoteucçoma said, “Yes, it is me.” Thereupon","html":"his rulers and nobles. Then they went to the meeting. On gourd bases they set out different precious flowers; in the midst of the shield flowers and heart flowers stood popcorn flowers, yellow tobacco flowers, cacao flowers, [made into] wreaths for the head, wreaths to be girded around. And they carried golden necklaces, necklaces with pendants, wide necklaces.
\nAnd when Moteucçoma went out to meet them at Huitzillan, thereupon he gave various things to the war leader, the commander of the warriors; he gave him flowers, he put necklaces on him, he put flower necklaces on him, he girded him with flowers, he put flower wreaths on his head. Then he laid before him the golden necklaces, all the different things for greeting people. He ended by putting some of the necklaces on him.
\nThen [Cortés] said in reply to Moteucçoma, “Is it not you? Is it not you then? Moteucçoma?”
\nMoteucçoma said, “Yes, it is me.” Thereupon
\n","citation_key":"citation_lockhart_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Lockhart 1993"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Lockhart 1993"]}},{"id":"daff22a1-3cb7-413c-a897-9c98ecb81306","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-Spanish by Alcántara Rojas and Navarrete Linares 2023"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-español por Alcántara Rojas & Navarrete Linares 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(Alcántara Rojas & Navarrete Linares 2023)","markdown":"los de su línea de gobierno, los de su estirpe. Luego, ya van a encontrarse con [la comitiva]. En jícaras hondas colocaron las flores preciosas: la *chimalxochitl*, la *yolloxochitl*; en medio va irguiéndose la *izquixochitl*, la *yexochitl* amarilla, la *cacahuaxochitl*.[^26] Son coronas de flores, guirnaldas de flores. También llevan collares de oro, collares con cuentas esparcidas, collares trenzados. \n\nAllá en Huitzillan, Moctezuma se encontró con la gente. Entonces le hizo ofrecimientos a su jefe de guerra [capitán], al que dirige a los soldados. Le dio las flores, le puso al cuello los collares, le colgó collares de flores, le puso las guirnaldas de flores, le puso las coronas de flores. Entonces ya tiende delante de él los collares de oro, cada una de las cosas con las que se da la bienvenida a la gente. Con esto acaba el encuentro. A algunos les cuelga collares.\n\nLuego [Cortés] le dijo a Moctezuma: “¿Acaso no eres tú?, ¿acaso no eres ya tú?, tú eres Moctezuma”. Moctezuma le dijo: “Sí, soy yo”. Enseguida \n\n\n\n[^26]: En esta secuencia se mencionan varias flores de uso ritual entre los mexicas. *Chimalxochitl* o *Helianthus annuus; yolloxochitl* o *Tallauma mexicana; izquixochitl* o *Bourreira formosa; yexochitl* o *Nicotineana tabacum* y *cacahuaxochitl* o *Quararibea funebris*.","html":"los de su línea de gobierno, los de su estirpe. Luego, ya van a encontrarse con [la comitiva]. En jícaras hondas colocaron las flores preciosas: la chimalxochitl, la yolloxochitl; en medio va irguiéndose la izquixochitl, la yexochitl amarilla, la cacahuaxochitl.1 Son coronas de flores, guirnaldas de flores. También llevan collares de oro, collares con cuentas esparcidas, collares trenzados.
\nAllá en Huitzillan, Moctezuma se encontró con la gente. Entonces le hizo ofrecimientos a su jefe de guerra [capitán], al que dirige a los soldados. Le dio las flores, le puso al cuello los collares, le colgó collares de flores, le puso las guirnaldas de flores, le puso las coronas de flores. Entonces ya tiende delante de él los collares de oro, cada una de las cosas con las que se da la bienvenida a la gente. Con esto acaba el encuentro. A algunos les cuelga collares.
\nLuego [Cortés] le dijo a Moctezuma: “¿Acaso no eres tú?, ¿acaso no eres ya tú?, tú eres Moctezuma”. Moctezuma le dijo: “Sí, soy yo”. Enseguida
\nEn esta secuencia se mencionan varias flores de uso ritual entre los mexicas. Chimalxochitl o Helianthus annuus; yolloxochitl o Tallauma mexicana; izquixochitl o Bourreira formosa; yexochitl o Nicotineana tabacum y cacahuaxochitl o Quararibea funebris.↩
[tlaço]pipilti, in itlatocaiovan, in ipilloan: nimā ie ic vi tenamiquizque, xicalpechtica cōmamāque in tlaçosuchitl, in chimalsuchitl, in iollosuchitl inepantla icatiuh in izquisuchitl, in coztic iiesuchitl, in cacaoasuchitl, icpacsuchitl, in suchineapantli: yoā quitqui in teucuitlacozcatl, chaiaoac cozcatl, cozcapetlatl.
\nAuh ie vncan in vitzilla ontenamic Motecuçomatzin, niman ie ic contlamamaca in iautachcauh, in intepachocauh iauquizque, coxochimacac, concozcati in cozcatl, consuchicozcati, consuchiapan, conicpacsuchiti: niman ie ic ixpan contequilia in teucuitlacozcatl, in izquitlamātli tenamiconi, tenamictli in ica oiecauh, cequi cōcozcati:
\nNimā quioalilhui in Motecuçoma. Cuix amo te? cuix amo ie te? ie te in timotecuçoma:
\nquito in Motecuçoma, ca quemaca ca nehoatl: nimā
\n","citation_key":"citation_lockhart_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Lockhart 1993"],"es":["Náhuatl por Lockhart 1993"]}},{"id":"0cfb5f31-0103-4773-91db-38966f2d370a","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[tlaço]pipilti, in jtlatocaiovan, in jpilloan: njmā ie ic vi tenamjqujzque, xicalpechtica cōmamāque in tlaçosuchitl, in chimalsuchitl, in iollosuchitl inepantla icatiuh in jzqujsuchitl, in coztic iiesuchitl, in cacaoasuchitl, icpacsuchitl, in suchineapantli: yoā qujtquj in teucujtlacozcatl, chaiaoac cozcatl, cozcapetlatl. \n\nAuh ie vncan in vitzilla ontenamjc Motecuçomatzin, njman ie ic contlamamaca in iautachcauh, in intepachocauh iauqujzque, coxochimacac, concozcati in cozcatl, consuchicozcati, consuchiapan, conjcpacsuchiti: njman ie ic ixpan contequjlia in teucujtlacozcatl, in jzqujtlamātli tenamjconj, tenamjctli in jca oiecauh, cequj cōcozcati: \n\nNjmā qujoalilhuj in Motecuçoma. Cujx amo te? cujx amo ie te? ie te in timotecuçoma: \n\nqujto in Motecuçoma, ca quemaca ca nehoatl: \n\nnjmā","html":"[tlaço]pipilti, in jtlatocaiovan, in jpilloan: njmā ie ic vi tenamjqujzque, xicalpechtica cōmamāque in tlaçosuchitl, in chimalsuchitl, in iollosuchitl inepantla icatiuh in jzqujsuchitl, in coztic iiesuchitl, in cacaoasuchitl, icpacsuchitl, in suchineapantli: yoā qujtquj in teucujtlacozcatl, chaiaoac cozcatl, cozcapetlatl.
\nAuh ie vncan in vitzilla ontenamjc Motecuçomatzin, njman ie ic contlamamaca in iautachcauh, in intepachocauh iauqujzque, coxochimacac, concozcati in cozcatl, consuchicozcati, consuchiapan, conjcpacsuchiti: njman ie ic ixpan contequjlia in teucujtlacozcatl, in jzqujtlamātli tenamjconj, tenamjctli in jca oiecauh, cequj cōcozcati:
\nNjmā qujoalilhuj in Motecuçoma. Cujx amo te? cujx amo ie te? ie te in timotecuçoma:
\nqujto in Motecuçoma, ca quemaca ca nehoatl:
\nnjmā
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"985d01d9-d78b-4a51-a2ad-51fdb816a8e4","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"princes, his ruling men, his noblemen [arrayed themselves]. Thereupon they went to meet them. In gourd supports they set out precious flowers—helianthus,[^4] talauma,[^5] in the midst of which went standing popcorn flowers,[^6] yellow tobacco flowers,[^7] cacao blossoms,[^8] wreaths for the head, garlands of flowers.[^9] And they bore golden necklaces, necklaces with pendants, plaited neck bands.\n\nAnd already Moctezuma met them there in Uitzillan. Thereupon he gave gifts to the commandant, the commander of soldiers; he gave him flowers, he bejeweled him with necklaces, he hung garlands about him, he covered him with flowers, he wreathed his head with flowers. Thereupon he had the golden necklaces laid before him—all the kinds of gifts of greeting, with which the meeting was concluded. On some he hung necklaces.\n\nThen [Cortés] said to Moctezuma: “Is this not thou? Art thou not he? Art thou Moctezuma?”\n\nMoctezuma replied: “Indeed yes; I am he.” \n\nThereupon \n\n\n\n\n[^4]: *Chimalxochitl*. *Chimalacaxochitl* is mentioned in Hernández, *Historia de las plantas*, Vol. I, pp. 101–2 (fig., p. 102). Chimalacatl (*ibid*., p. 100) “*tiene … flores redondas mayores (parece prodigio) de un palmo, amarillo rojizas con algo de amarillo más fuerte en su parte media*”: *Helianthus annuus* L. Linn; *girasol, chimalatl, maíz de tejas*. *Chimalacaxochitl* is classifed as “*compuesta*?”\n\n\n[^5]: *Yolloxochitl*: *Talauma mexicana* Don (*yolosóchil*), according to Santamaría, *Diccionario de mejicanismos*, p. 1135. According to Emily Walcott Emmart, *The Badianus Manuscript (Codex Barberini, Latin 241), Vatican Library, an Aztec Herbal of 1552* (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1940), p. 310 and Pl. 98, it is the Mexican magnolia and (citing Sahagún) “was reserved soldy for the nobility, especially a kind known as *tlacaiolloxochitl.*”\n\n\n[^6]: *Izquixochitl*:* Bourreria formosa*; *B. huanita*; *B. littoralis* (Santamaría, *Diccionario de mejicanismos*, p. 508; *esquisúchil*). Popcorn flower (*Bourreria huanita* [La Slave and Lex] Hemsl.), according to Emmart, *Badianus Manuscript*, p. 276 and Pl. 69; a rare and coveted plant whose flowers were used to flavor cacao. In Sahagún, *Histoire générale*, p. 97. n. 2, it is noted that “*Cette fleur vient sur l’arbre* izquixochiquauitl, moreliosa huanita, *de la famille des styracinées*.” \n\n\n[^7]: *Yexochitl*. Nardo Antonio Reccho, in *Rerum medicarum novae Hispaniae thesavrvs sev plantarvm animalivm mineralivm mexicanorvm historia ex Francisci Hernandez* (Rome: Ex Typographeio Vitalis Mascardi, 1651), p. 258, gives *eloxochitl* as an alternative (*quam alij* Eloxochitl, *seu* Florem Eloti, *alij verò* Cocauhquixochitl [coçauhqui?] *seu* Yexochitl pallidam, *vocant*”), a cold climate plant (“*provenit regionibus frigidis, & montosis locis*”). There is a confusion of terminology. Santamaría, *Diccionario de mejicanismos*, p. 470, identifies it (*elosúchil*) as *Magnolia dealbata* Succ. Emmart (*Badianus Manuscript*, p. 275) points out that, while according to Hernández it is a magnolia, in the *Badianus MS* the flower “appears to belong to the Compositae.”\n\n\n[^8]: *Cacauaxochitl*:* Quararibea funebris* Llave, according to Santamaría, *Diccionario de mejicanismos*, p. 169 (*cacahuasúchil*). In Sahagún, Garibay ed., Vol. IV, p. 325, it is identified as *Lexarza funebris*. Emmart (*Badianus Manuscript*, p. 311 and Pl. 98) has *Theobroma angustifolium* DC, one of the important cacao plants.\n\n\n[^9]: Sahagún, Garibay ed., Vol. IV, p. 108: “*En grandes bateas han colocado flores de las finas: la flor del escudo, la del corazón; en medio se yergue la flor de buen aroma, y la amarilla fragante, la valiosa. Son guirnaldas, con travesaños para el pecho*.”","html":"princes, his ruling men, his noblemen [arrayed themselves]. Thereupon they went to meet them. In gourd supports they set out precious flowers—helianthus,1 talauma,2 in the midst of which went standing popcorn flowers,3 yellow tobacco flowers,4 cacao blossoms,5 wreaths for the head, garlands of flowers.6 And they bore golden necklaces, necklaces with pendants, plaited neck bands.
\nAnd already Moctezuma met them there in Uitzillan. Thereupon he gave gifts to the commandant, the commander of soldiers; he gave him flowers, he bejeweled him with necklaces, he hung garlands about him, he covered him with flowers, he wreathed his head with flowers. Thereupon he had the golden necklaces laid before him—all the kinds of gifts of greeting, with which the meeting was concluded. On some he hung necklaces.
\nThen [Cortés] said to Moctezuma: “Is this not thou? Art thou not he? Art thou Moctezuma?”
\nMoctezuma replied: “Indeed yes; I am he.”
\nThereupon
\nChimalxochitl. Chimalacaxochitl is mentioned in Hernández, Historia de las plantas, Vol. I, pp. 101–2 (fig., p. 102). Chimalacatl (ibid., p. 100) “tiene … flores redondas mayores (parece prodigio) de un palmo, amarillo rojizas con algo de amarillo más fuerte en su parte media”: Helianthus annuus L. Linn; girasol, chimalatl, maíz de tejas. Chimalacaxochitl is classifed as “compuesta?”↩
Yolloxochitl: Talauma mexicana Don (yolosóchil), according to Santamaría, Diccionario de mejicanismos, p. 1135. According to Emily Walcott Emmart, The Badianus Manuscript (Codex Barberini, Latin 241), Vatican Library, an Aztec Herbal of 1552 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1940), p. 310 and Pl. 98, it is the Mexican magnolia and (citing Sahagún) “was reserved soldy for the nobility, especially a kind known as tlacaiolloxochitl.”↩
Izquixochitl:* Bourreria formosa; *B. huanita; B. littoralis (Santamaría, Diccionario de mejicanismos, p. 508; esquisúchil). Popcorn flower (Bourreria huanita [La Slave and Lex] Hemsl.), according to Emmart, Badianus Manuscript, p. 276 and Pl. 69; a rare and coveted plant whose flowers were used to flavor cacao. In Sahagún, Histoire générale, p. 97. n. 2, it is noted that “Cette fleur vient sur l’arbre izquixochiquauitl, moreliosa huanita, de la famille des styracinées.”↩
Yexochitl. Nardo Antonio Reccho, in Rerum medicarum novae Hispaniae thesavrvs sev plantarvm animalivm mineralivm mexicanorvm historia ex Francisci Hernandez (Rome: Ex Typographeio Vitalis Mascardi, 1651), p. 258, gives eloxochitl as an alternative (quam alij Eloxochitl, seu Florem Eloti, alij verò Cocauhquixochitl [coçauhqui?] seu Yexochitl pallidam, vocant”), a cold climate plant (“provenit regionibus frigidis, & montosis locis”). There is a confusion of terminology. Santamaría, Diccionario de mejicanismos, p. 470, identifies it (elosúchil) as Magnolia dealbata Succ. Emmart (Badianus Manuscript, p. 275) points out that, while according to Hernández it is a magnolia, in the Badianus MS the flower “appears to belong to the Compositae.”↩
Cacauaxochitl:* Quararibea funebris* Llave, according to Santamaría, Diccionario de mejicanismos, p. 169 (cacahuasúchil). In Sahagún, Garibay ed., Vol. IV, p. 325, it is identified as Lexarza funebris. Emmart (Badianus Manuscript, p. 311 and Pl. 98) has Theobroma angustifolium DC, one of the important cacao plants.↩
Sahagún, Garibay ed., Vol. IV, p. 108: “En grandes bateas han colocado flores de las finas: la flor del escudo, la del corazón; en medio se yergue la flor de buen aroma, y la amarilla fragante, la valiosa. Son guirnaldas, con travesaños para el pecho.”↩