ayunaban todos ocho días a pan y agua, como está dicho. A los tamales que comían en estos días llamaban atamalli, porque ninguna cosa mezclaban con ellos cuando les hacían, ni sal ni otra cosa, sino sola agua. Y todos comían al mediodía. Y si alguno no ayunaba, castigábanle por ello. Tenían en gran reverencia este ayuno, y en gran temor, porque decían que los que no le ayunaban, aunque secretamente comiesen y no lo supiese nadie, dios los castigaba hiriéndolos con lepra.
\nA esta fiesta llamaban ixnextihua, que quiere decir "buscar ventura". En esta fiesta decían que bailaban todos los dioses, y así todos los que bailaban se ataviaban con diversos personajes: unos tomaban personajes de aves; otros de animales, y así unos se transfiguraban como zinzones, otros como mariposas, otros como abejones, otros como muscas, otros como escarabajos; otros traían a cuestas un hombre dormiendo: decían que era el sueño; otros traían unos sartales de tamales que llaman xocotamalli; otros de otros tamales que llaman nacatamalli. Otros tenían comida de tamales y otras cosas, y dábanlos a los pobres. Y también tomaban personajes de pobres, como son los, los [sic, repetido] que traen a cuestas leña a vender, y otros que traen verdura a vender. También tomaban personajes de enfermos, como son los leprosos y bobosos; otros tomaban personajes de aves, como de bohos y de lechuzas y otras aves.
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"c981ddd0-fddb-4344-9652-7c5c29a55c78","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"everyone would fast for eight days on bread and water, as already mentioned. They called the tamales that they ate during these days _atamalli_, because they would mix nothing into them when they were making them—not salt or anything else, but only water. And everybody would eat at noon. And if someone did not fast, they would punish that person for that. They had great reverence for this fast, and they feared it greatly, because they said that god would punish those who did not keep the fast—even if they managed to eat in secret and without anyone finding out—by afflicting them with leprosy. \n\nThey called this festival Ixnextihua, which means “seeking one’s luck.”[^195] They said that during this festival all the gods would be dancing, and so all the dancers would dress up as various characters: some would disguise themselves as birds, others as animals; and likewise some would take the guise of hummingbirds, others of butterflies, others of bumblebees, others of flies, others of beetles. Others would carry a sleeping man on their backs: they said that he was “sleep” [himself]. Others would carry some strings of tamales that they call _xocotamalli_; others [would carry strings] of other tamales called _nacatamalli_. Others would have a meal of tamales and other things, which they would give away to the poor people. And they would also disguise themselves as poor people, such as those who carry wood on their backs for sale or others who carry around vegetables for sale. They would also disguise themselves as sick people, such as lepers or those afflicted with pustules. Others would disguise themselves as birds, such as owls, barn owls, and other birds.\n\n\n[^195]: “Seeking one’s luck”: _buscar la ventura_. Ixnextihua literally means, “Ashes are put over the faces,” so the Spanish translation probably reveals the metaphoric value of the action.","html":"everyone would fast for eight days on bread and water, as already mentioned. They called the tamales that they ate during these days atamalli, because they would mix nothing into them when they were making them—not salt or anything else, but only water. And everybody would eat at noon. And if someone did not fast, they would punish that person for that. They had great reverence for this fast, and they feared it greatly, because they said that god would punish those who did not keep the fast—even if they managed to eat in secret and without anyone finding out—by afflicting them with leprosy.
\nThey called this festival Ixnextihua, which means “seeking one’s luck.”1 They said that during this festival all the gods would be dancing, and so all the dancers would dress up as various characters: some would disguise themselves as birds, others as animals; and likewise some would take the guise of hummingbirds, others of butterflies, others of bumblebees, others of flies, others of beetles. Others would carry a sleeping man on their backs: they said that he was “sleep” [himself]. Others would carry some strings of tamales that they call xocotamalli; others [would carry strings] of other tamales called nacatamalli. Others would have a meal of tamales and other things, which they would give away to the poor people. And they would also disguise themselves as poor people, such as those who carry wood on their backs for sale or others who carry around vegetables for sale. They would also disguise themselves as sick people, such as lepers or those afflicted with pustules. Others would disguise themselves as birds, such as owls, barn owls, and other birds.
\n“Seeking one’s luck”: buscar la ventura. Ixnextihua literally means, “Ashes are put over the faces,” so the Spanish translation probably reveals the metaphoric value of the action.↩
[tlacatla]qualoia.
\nAuh yn aqujn amo moçaoaia yn ipan jn, intla machoia, njman tzacujltiloia: auh cenca ymacaxoia y, in atamalqualiztli: auh yn aqujn amo qujchioaia, intlacamo ittoa, anoço machoia, qujlmach xixiiotia.
\nAuh yn jquac ilhujtl qujçaia, moteneoa ixnextioa, yoan atecuculetioaia: yoan yn jquac cenca muchintin mjttotiaia in teteu: ic mjtoaia, teuittotiloia:
\nyoan ixq͗ch vncan oalnecia in vitzitzilin papalotl, in xicotli, in çaiolin in tototl, in temoli, tecujtlaololo: yn jpan moqujxtiaia tlaca, yn ipan oalmjtotiaia.
\nAuh yn oc cequjntin ipan moqujxtiaia in cochiztli, inxocotamalcozquj, yoan totolnacatl yn jncozquj: yoan ymjxpan ycaca, in tonacacuezcomatl, tenticac in xocotamalli.
\nAuh no muchi vncan oalnecia, yn ipan moq͗xtiaia in motolinja, yn motequjqujlnamaqujlia, yn motequaquauhnamaqujlilia: no yoan vncan oalnecia, in teucocoxquj ypan moqujxtiaia: yoan yn oc cequjntin totome, in teculutl, in chichtli ipan qujçaia: yoan oc cequj ipan moqujxtiaia.
\nAuh motlaliaia in tlaloc, ixpan mãca yn atl, vncan temja in cocoa,
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"dc4d4798-ed80-4b96-bb00-3762882049f8","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"And they were eaten [only] at noon. \n\nAnd he who fasted not at this time, if he were noted, was then punished. And much was this, the eating of water tamales, held in awe. And he who did not this, if he were not seen nor noted, it was said, would be visited with skin sores. \n\nAnd when the feast arrived, it was said: “Good fortune is sought,” and “Gastropod shells are applied.”[^1] And at this time indeed all the gods danced; hence it was said: “There is godly dancing.” \n\nAnd all came forth there as hummingbirds, butterflies, honey bees, flies, birds, black beetles, dung beetles; in the guise of these the people appeared when they danced. \n\nAnd still others appeared in the guise of sleep. [Some had] fruit tamales as their necklaces; [others had] turkey hen tamales as their necklaces. And before them was the maize bin filled with fruit tamales. \n\nAnd also all of [these] came forth: those who appeared in the guise of the poor, of those who sold various kinds of vegetables, of those who sold pieces of wood.[^2] And also appeared there one in the guise of one afflicted by the divine sickness. And still others imitated birds, owls, barn owls;[^3] and they appeared in the guise of still other birds. \n\nAnd [an image of] Tlaloc was set in place. Before it was [a pool of] water. It was full of serpents there, \n\n\n\n\n[^1]: Garibay (“Relación breve,” p. 318) translates *ixnextioaya* as “*se enceniza la cara”; atecocoltioaya* appears in the same text, translated as “*se baila como víbora del agua.*” However, see Seler, *Einige Kapitel*, p. 249: “*man verwandelt sich in Meerschneckengehäuse.” Atecuculli* is “*caracol de agua*” in the Molina *Vocabulario*, fol. 7*v*; as *ategogolo* it is defined as a “*gasterópodo o variedad de caracol,” Ampullaria monachus* or *A. yucatanensis* in Santamaría’s *Diccionario*, p. 92.\n\n\n[^2]: *motequaquamaquilia* in the *Real Palacio MS*. \n\n\n[^3]: *teculutl* generic term for owl; *chichtli: Tyto alba pratincola* (Bonaparte) in Dibble and Anderson, *Book XI*, pp. 42, 46–47.","html":"And they were eaten [only] at noon.
\nAnd he who fasted not at this time, if he were noted, was then punished. And much was this, the eating of water tamales, held in awe. And he who did not this, if he were not seen nor noted, it was said, would be visited with skin sores.
\nAnd when the feast arrived, it was said: “Good fortune is sought,” and “Gastropod shells are applied.”1 And at this time indeed all the gods danced; hence it was said: “There is godly dancing.”
\nAnd all came forth there as hummingbirds, butterflies, honey bees, flies, birds, black beetles, dung beetles; in the guise of these the people appeared when they danced.
\nAnd still others appeared in the guise of sleep. [Some had] fruit tamales as their necklaces; [others had] turkey hen tamales as their necklaces. And before them was the maize bin filled with fruit tamales.
\nAnd also all of [these] came forth: those who appeared in the guise of the poor, of those who sold various kinds of vegetables, of those who sold pieces of wood.2 And also appeared there one in the guise of one afflicted by the divine sickness. And still others imitated birds, owls, barn owls;3 and they appeared in the guise of still other birds.
\nAnd [an image of] Tlaloc was set in place. Before it was [a pool of] water. It was full of serpents there,
\nGaribay (“Relación breve,” p. 318) translates ixnextioaya as “se enceniza la cara”; atecocoltioaya appears in the same text, translated as “se baila como víbora del agua.” However, see Seler, Einige Kapitel, p. 249: “man verwandelt sich in Meerschneckengehäuse.” Atecuculli is “caracol de agua” in the Molina Vocabulario, fol. 7v; as ategogolo it is defined as a “gasterópodo o variedad de caracol,” Ampullaria monachus or A. yucatanensis in Santamaría’s Diccionario, p. 92.↩
motequaquamaquilia in the Real Palacio MS.↩
teculutl generic term for owl; chichtli: Tyto alba pratincola (Bonaparte) in Dibble and Anderson, Book XI, pp. 42, 46–47.↩