copal sobre las brasas, y luego iban delante de la estatua del Demonio y levantaban el incensario hacia las cuatro partes del mundo, como ofreciendo aquel incienso a las cuatro partes del mundo. Y también incensaban a la estatua. Hecho esto, tornaban las brasas al fugón. Esto mismo hacían todos los del pueblo en sus casas, una vez a la mañana y otra a la noche, incensando a las estatuas que tenían en sus oratorios o en los patios de sus casas. Y los padres y las madres compelían a sus hijos que hiciesen lo mismo cada mañana y cada noche. Del ofrenda del incienso o copal usaban estos mexicanos y todos los de Nueva España de una goma blanca que llaman copalli, que también agora se usa mucho, para incensar a sus dioses. No usaban del incienso, aunque lo hay en esta tierra. Deste incienso o copal usaban los [sá]trapas en el templo, y toda la otra gente en sus casas, como se dixo arriba. Y también lo usaban los jueces cuando habían de exercitar algún acto de su oficio. Antes que le comenzasen echaban copal en el fuego, en reverencia de sus dioses, y demandándoles ayuda. También hacían esto mismo los cantores de los areites, que cuando habían de comenzar a cantar primero echaban copal en el fuego a honra de sus dioses, y demandándoles ayuda.
\nUsaban una cerimonia generalmente en toda esta tierra, hombres y mujeres, niños y niñas, que cuan[do]
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"2d536b5c-9f4c-4cb9-be41-d26669dd5536","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"copal over the embers. Then they would go in front of the statue of the demon[^203] and raise the incense burner toward the four corners of the world, as if offering that incense to the four corners of the world. And they would incense the statue as well. Having done this, they would return the embers to the fire. All the people in the town would do the same thing in their homes—once in the morning and again at night—when they would incense the statues that they had on their household altars or in the patios of their houses. And the fathers and mothers would make their children do the same thing every morning and every night. When offering incense or copal, these Mexicans and all the people of New Spain would use a white gum that they call _copalli_, which is still now widely used to incense their gods. They would not use incense, although it exists in this land. The satraps would use this incense, or copal, in the temple, and the rest of the people would do so in their homes, as stated above. And the judges would also use it whenever they had to conduct any judicial process: before they began, they would throw copal into the fire, out of reverence for their gods, asking for their help. The singers of the _areitos_ would also do the same thing, for whenever they were about to start singing, they would first throw copal into the fire in honor of their gods, asking for their help. \n\nThey would perform a ceremony that was generally used all across this land by men and women, boys and girls; that is, every time \n\n\n[^203]: “Demon”: This is Sahagún’s Catholic editorial on the Mexican deity. Here the Nahuatl text uses the word _diablo_ to describe the Mexican deity.","html":"copal over the embers. Then they would go in front of the statue of the demon1 and raise the incense burner toward the four corners of the world, as if offering that incense to the four corners of the world. And they would incense the statue as well. Having done this, they would return the embers to the fire. All the people in the town would do the same thing in their homes—once in the morning and again at night—when they would incense the statues that they had on their household altars or in the patios of their houses. And the fathers and mothers would make their children do the same thing every morning and every night. When offering incense or copal, these Mexicans and all the people of New Spain would use a white gum that they call copalli, which is still now widely used to incense their gods. They would not use incense, although it exists in this land. The satraps would use this incense, or copal, in the temple, and the rest of the people would do so in their homes, as stated above. And the judges would also use it whenever they had to conduct any judicial process: before they began, they would throw copal into the fire, out of reverence for their gods, asking for their help. The singers of the areitos would also do the same thing, for whenever they were about to start singing, they would first throw copal into the fire in honor of their gods, asking for their help.
\nThey would perform a ceremony that was generally used all across this land by men and women, boys and girls; that is, every time
\n“Demon”: This is Sahagún’s Catholic editorial on the Mexican deity. Here the Nahuatl text uses the word diablo to describe the Mexican deity.↩
yn jquac onauhcampa conjiauh, ic njman contema in tlequazco, vncan popocatica in copalli.
\nAuh ynjc muchioaia: no yooatzinco in qujmjxitiaia in tepilhoan, in oqujchtin, in anoço cioa qujmjxitiaia in tenanoan, in tetaoan ynjc tlenamacazque iciuhca qujmjxitiaia injc amo tlatzivizcujzque techan in muchioaia yn.
\nAuh in copaltemaliztli ic muchioaia, yn jquac in tlein tlatolli ie mjtoz, aço tecutlatolli ie mitoz, achto contemaia in copalli, in tleco: in aqujn ie tlatoz, çan vncan manca in copalli xicaltica: anoço cujcanj in ie cujcaz, ic peoaz, achto contema in copalli in tlequazco, njman ic peoa in cujcanj.
\nIn tlalqualiztli ic muchioaia, iquac in campa oalhujlooaia, muchi tlacatl ontlalquaia, ica in ce imapil, aço ispan
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"d6f36205-b48d-432e-8504-be137c7a0172","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"when they had raised it in dedication to the four directions, then they threw [the incense and the coals] into the brazier. Then the copal was smoking. \n\nAnd thus was it done: the mothers, the fathers likewise woke the children at dawn, whether men [children] or women [children]; that they might offer incense quickly, they woke them. That they might not become slothful[^2] this was done in the houses. \n\n##### The Casting of Incense \n\nAnd the casting of incense was thus done when some statement already was to be uttered; perchance a judgment already was to be uttered: first one cast incense into the fire. For whoever already was to speak, just there lay the incense in a gourd vessel. Or else a singer, when already he was to sing, thus would begin: first he cast incense into the brazier; then the singer began [to sing]. \n\n##### The Eating of Earth \n\nThe eating of earth was thus done when there was coming to any place: everyone ate earth; with one finger [they touched the ground and then the mouth], perhaps before \n\n\n\n\n[^2]: *tlatzivilozque* in the *Real Palacio MS*.","html":"when they had raised it in dedication to the four directions, then they threw [the incense and the coals] into the brazier. Then the copal was smoking.
\nAnd thus was it done: the mothers, the fathers likewise woke the children at dawn, whether men [children] or women [children]; that they might offer incense quickly, they woke them. That they might not become slothful1 this was done in the houses.
\nAnd the casting of incense was thus done when some statement already was to be uttered; perchance a judgment already was to be uttered: first one cast incense into the fire. For whoever already was to speak, just there lay the incense in a gourd vessel. Or else a singer, when already he was to sing, thus would begin: first he cast incense into the brazier; then the singer began [to sing].
\nThe eating of earth was thus done when there was coming to any place: everyone ate earth; with one finger [they touched the ground and then the mouth], perhaps before
\ntlatzivilozque in the Real Palacio MS.↩