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and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"book_subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad.","book_number":"2","total_folios":292,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"ba5b28c4-ab96-4b9e-8785-e0e7b32150e3","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"[lla]mábanlos Cócotl, como al mismo monte, y aderezábanlos con unos papeles la mitad colorados y la mitad leonados. El séptimo lugar donde mataban los niños era un monte que llaman Yiauhqueme, que está cabe Atlacuihuaya. Poníanlos el nombre del mismo monte. Ataviábanlos con unos papeles tenidos de color leonado.\n\nEstos tristes niños, antes que los llevasen a matar, aderezábanlos con piedras preciosas, con plumas ricas y con mantas y maxtles muy curiosas y labradas, y con gotaras muy labradas y curiosas, y poníanlos unas alas de papel como ángeles, y teñíanlos las caras con aceite de _ulli_, y en medio de las mexillas los ponían una rodaxita de blanco. Y poníanlos en unas andas muy aderezadas, con plumas ricas y con otras joyas ricas, y llevándolos en las andas íbanles tañendo con flautas y trompetas que ellos usaban. Y por donde los llevaban, toda la gente lloraba. Cuando llegaban con ellos a un oratorio que estaba junto a Tepetzinco, de la parte del occidente, al cual llamaban Tozocan, allí los tenían toda una noche velando y cantábanlos cantares los sacerdotes de los ídolos porque no dormiesen. Y cuando ya llegaban los niños a los lugares a donde los habían de matar, si iban llorando y echaban muchas lágrimas, allegábanse[^*] los que los vían llorar porque decían que era señal que lluvería presto. Y si topaban en el camino algún hidrópico, teníanlo por mal agüero y decían que ellos inpidían la lluvia.\n\nSi alguno de los ministros del templo, y otros que llamaban _cuacuacuilti_, y los viejos, se volvían a sus casas y no llegaban a donde habían de matar los niños, \n\n\n[^*]: Debe decir \"alegrábanse\".","html":"<p>[lla]mábanlos Cócotl, como al mismo monte, y aderezábanlos con unos papeles la mitad colorados y la mitad leonados. El séptimo lugar donde mataban los niños era un monte que llaman Yiauhqueme, que está cabe Atlacuihuaya. Poníanlos el nombre del mismo monte. Ataviábanlos con unos papeles tenidos de color leonado.</p>\n<p>Estos tristes niños, antes que los llevasen a matar, aderezábanlos con piedras preciosas, con plumas ricas y con mantas y maxtles muy curiosas y labradas, y con gotaras muy labradas y curiosas, y poníanlos unas alas de papel como ángeles, y teñíanlos las caras con aceite de <em>ulli</em>, y en medio de las mexillas los ponían una rodaxita de blanco. Y poníanlos en unas andas muy aderezadas, con plumas ricas y con otras joyas ricas, y llevándolos en las andas íbanles tañendo con flautas y trompetas que ellos usaban. Y por donde los llevaban, toda la gente lloraba. Cuando llegaban con ellos a un oratorio que estaba junto a Tepetzinco, de la parte del occidente, al cual llamaban Tozocan, allí los tenían toda una noche velando y cantábanlos cantares los sacerdotes de los ídolos porque no dormiesen. Y cuando ya llegaban los niños a los lugares a donde los habían de matar, si iban llorando y echaban muchas lágrimas, allegábanse<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> los que los vían llorar porque decían que era señal que lluvería presto. Y si topaban en el camino algún hidrópico, teníanlo por mal agüero y decían que ellos inpidían la lluvia.</p>\n<p>Si alguno de los ministros del templo, y otros que llamaban <em>cuacuacuilti</em>, y los viejos, se volvían a sus casas y no llegaban a donde habían de matar los niños,</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Debe decir &quot;alegrábanse&quot;.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"75f98644-e634-49d3-9520-cc8624a79b72","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"there Cocotl, just like the hill itself; and they would dress them with some papers, half of which were red and the other half tawny. The seventh place where they would kill children was a hill that they call Yiauhqueme, which is near Atlacuihuayan. They would give them the name of the mountain itself. They would dress them with some papers dyed a tawny color. \n\nBefore taking them to be killed, they would adorn these wretched children with precious stones, valuable feathers, very finely embroidered capes and _mastles_,[^61] and finely carved sandals. And they would put some paper wings on them, like angels, and dye their faces with _olli_ oil; and in the middle of their cheeks, they would paint a small, white disk. \n\nAnd they would place them on some litters that were highly adorned with valuable feathers and other rich jewels. And as they carried them on the litters, they would be playing music for them on the flutes and trumpets that they used. And all the people would weep wherever they carried them. When they arrived with them at a shrine that was near Tepetzinco—in its western part—called Tozohcan, they would spend a whole night there keeping vigil and guarding them; and the priests of the idols would sing songs for them so that they would not fall asleep. And when the children were about to reach the places where they were to be killed, if they happened to go along weeping and shedding many tears, those who saw them crying would rejoice, for they said that this was a sign that it would soon rain. And if they happened to meet on the road some person who had edema, they would consider it to be a bad omen, for they said that these people hindered the rain. \n\nIf any of the ministers of the temple or others whom they called _cuacuacuiltin_ or older people returned home without having reached the place where the children were to be killed, they \n\n[^61]: _mastles_: plural Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl _maxtlatl_ (loincloth).","html":"<p>there Cocotl, just like the hill itself; and they would dress them with some papers, half of which were red and the other half tawny. The seventh place where they would kill children was a hill that they call Yiauhqueme, which is near Atlacuihuayan. They would give them the name of the mountain itself. They would dress them with some papers dyed a tawny color.</p>\n<p>Before taking them to be killed, they would adorn these wretched children with precious stones, valuable feathers, very finely embroidered capes and <em>mastles</em>,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> and finely carved sandals. And they would put some paper wings on them, like angels, and dye their faces with <em>olli</em> oil; and in the middle of their cheeks, they would paint a small, white disk.</p>\n<p>And they would place them on some litters that were highly adorned with valuable feathers and other rich jewels. And as they carried them on the litters, they would be playing music for them on the flutes and trumpets that they used. And all the people would weep wherever they carried them. When they arrived with them at a shrine that was near Tepetzinco—in its western part—called Tozohcan, they would spend a whole night there keeping vigil and guarding them; and the priests of the idols would sing songs for them so that they would not fall asleep. And when the children were about to reach the places where they were to be killed, if they happened to go along weeping and shedding many tears, those who saw them crying would rejoice, for they said that this was a sign that it would soon rain. And if they happened to meet on the road some person who had edema, they would consider it to be a bad omen, for they said that these people hindered the rain.</p>\n<p>If any of the ministers of the temple or others whom they called <em>cuacuacuiltin</em> or older people returned home without having reached the place where the children were to be killed, they</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>mastles</em>: plural Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl <em>maxtlatl</em> (loincloth).<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"833b1cce-229d-4ea6-935a-5dbb0997c6d0","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[tlaço]tlantiuj, qujmamatlapaltia, amatl, amaamatlapaleque: tlapechtica in vicoia, quetzalcallotiuja, yn vncã momantiujia, qujntlapichilitiuja: \n\ncenca tlatlaocultiaia, techoctiaia, techoquizvitomaia, teicnotlamachtiaia, ynca elciciooaia. \n\nAuh yn oaxitiloque toçocan, aiauhcalco, vncan ceiooal toçaujlo, qujntoçaviia tlamacazque: yoan in quaquacujlti, iehoan in ie veuetque tlamacazque. Auh in tlamacazque, yn o ceme ontetlalcaujque, motocaiotiaia mocauhque: aocmo tecujcananamiquj, aoccan onmonequj, aoccan onpoalo. \n\nAuh in pipiltzitzinti, intla chocatiuj, intla imixaio totocatiuh, intla imixaio pipilcatiuh, mitoaia, moteneoaia, ca qujiauiz: yn imixaio qujnezcaiotiaia, in qujiaujtl, ic papacoaia, ic teiollo motlaliaia: iuh qujtoa, ca ie moquetzaz in qujiaujtl, ca ie tiqujiaujlozque. \n\nAuh intla cana ca, ytixiuhquj, q͗toaia, amo techqujiaujlotla. \n\nAuh yn ie qujçaz qujiaujtl, yn ie tlamiz yn ie itzonco: njman ie ic tlatoa in cujtlacochi, ynezca, ynic ujtz, inic moquetzaz tlapaqujiaujtl: njman oalhuj, pipixcãme: no yoã","html":"<p>[tlaço]tlantiuj, qujmamatlapaltia, amatl, amaamatlapaleque: tlapechtica in vicoia, quetzalcallotiuja, yn vncã momantiujia, qujntlapichilitiuja:</p>\n<p>cenca tlatlaocultiaia, techoctiaia, techoquizvitomaia, teicnotlamachtiaia, ynca elciciooaia.</p>\n<p>Auh yn oaxitiloque toçocan, aiauhcalco, vncan ceiooal toçaujlo, qujntoçaviia tlamacazque: yoan in quaquacujlti, iehoan in ie veuetque tlamacazque. Auh in tlamacazque, yn o ceme ontetlalcaujque, motocaiotiaia mocauhque: aocmo tecujcananamiquj, aoccan onmonequj, aoccan onpoalo.</p>\n<p>Auh in pipiltzitzinti, intla chocatiuj, intla imixaio totocatiuh, intla imixaio pipilcatiuh, mitoaia, moteneoaia, ca qujiauiz: yn imixaio qujnezcaiotiaia, in qujiaujtl, ic papacoaia, ic teiollo motlaliaia: iuh qujtoa, ca ie moquetzaz in qujiaujtl, ca ie tiqujiaujlozque.</p>\n<p>Auh intla cana ca, ytixiuhquj, q͗toaia, amo techqujiaujlotla.</p>\n<p>Auh yn ie qujçaz qujiaujtl, yn ie tlamiz yn ie itzonco: njman ie ic tlatoa in cujtlacochi, ynezca, ynic ujtz, inic moquetzaz tlapaqujiaujtl: njman oalhuj, pipixcãme: no yoã</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"4a1f6ff3-7eed-46c2-a41a-ad73aac4a3cc","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"valuable things which went with them. They gave them paper wings,[^15] they were of paper; they each had paper wings. In litters were they carried; they went housed in precious feathers, there where each of them customarily went. They went sounding flutes for them. \n\nThere was much compassion. They made one weep; they loosed one&#8217;s weeping; they made one sad for them; there was sighing for them. \n\nAnd when they were brought to the place of vigil, in the Mist House,[^16] there all night was to be spent in vigil. The offering priests and the *quaquacuiltin*,[^17] those who were old offering priests, made them keep the vigil. And if any of the offering priests avoided them, they would call them &#8220;the abandoned ones.&#8221; No longer did one join others in singing; nowhere was he wanted; nowhere was he respected.[^18]\n\nAnd if the children went crying, if their tears kept flowing, if their tears kept falling, it was said, it was stated: &#8220;It will surely rain.&#8221; Their tears signified rain. Therefore there was contentment; therefore one&#8217;s heart was at rest. Thus they said: &#8220;Verily, already the rains will set in; verily, already we shall be rained on.&#8221; \n\nAnd if one who was dropsical was somewhere, they said: &#8220;There is no rain for us.&#8221; \n\nAnd when the rains were already to pass, when they were already to end, when already they were at their close, thereupon the curve-billed thrasher[^19] sang; it was the sign that continuous rains would set in. Then came the Franklin gulls.[^20] And also \n\n\n\n\n[^15]: Corresponding Spanish text: &#8220;*ponjanlos vnas alas de papel como angeles.*&#8221;\n\n\n[^16]: *Ibid.*: *aiauhcalco* is described as &#8220;*un oratorio que estaua iunto a tepetzinco de la parte del occidente.*&#8221; \n\n\n[^17]: *quaquacuilti*: (sing., *quacuilli*): in Seler&#8217;s *Gesammelte Abhandlungen*, Vol. II, p. 987, it is suggested that the meaning of the term is probably &#8220;*der zum Haupte gewählt ist.*&#8221; In Sahagún&#8217;s *Histoire générale des choses de la Nouvelle-Espagne*, trans. D. Jourdanet and Rémi Siméon (Paris: G. Masson, Editeur, 1880; hereafter referred to as Sahagún, Jourdanet-Siméon ed.), p. 110, n. 2, the translators render the term *preneur de têtes*.\n\n\n[^18]: In the corresponding Spanish text, Sahagún explains in greater detail: &#8220;*Si alguno de los mjnistros del templo, y otros q̃ llamauan quaquacujlti, y los viejos se boluian a sus casas, y no llegauan a donde aujan de matar, los njños: tenjanlos por infames, y indignos de njngun oficio publico: de ay adelante llamauanlos mocauhque, que qujere dezir dexados”. * \n\n\n[^19]: *cujtlacochi: Toxostoma curvirostre* (Swainson) in Dibble and Anderson, *Book XI,* p. 51.\n\n\n[^20]: *pipixcame* (sing., *pipixcan*): *Larus pipixcan Wagler* in *ibid.,* p. 43.","html":"<p>valuable things which went with them. They gave them paper wings,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> they were of paper; they each had paper wings. In litters were they carried; they went housed in precious feathers, there where each of them customarily went. They went sounding flutes for them.</p>\n<p>There was much compassion. They made one weep; they loosed one’s weeping; they made one sad for them; there was sighing for them.</p>\n<p>And when they were brought to the place of vigil, in the Mist House,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> there all night was to be spent in vigil. The offering priests and the <em>quaquacuiltin</em>,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup> those who were old offering priests, made them keep the vigil. And if any of the offering priests avoided them, they would call them “the abandoned ones.” No longer did one join others in singing; nowhere was he wanted; nowhere was he respected.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-4\"><a href=\"#fn-4\">4</a></sup></p>\n<p>And if the children went crying, if their tears kept flowing, if their tears kept falling, it was said, it was stated: “It will surely rain.” Their tears signified rain. Therefore there was contentment; therefore one’s heart was at rest. Thus they said: “Verily, already the rains will set in; verily, already we shall be rained on.”</p>\n<p>And if one who was dropsical was somewhere, they said: “There is no rain for us.”</p>\n<p>And when the rains were already to pass, when they were already to end, when already they were at their close, thereupon the curve-billed thrasher<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-5\"><a href=\"#fn-5\">5</a></sup> sang; it was the sign that continuous rains would set in. Then came the Franklin gulls.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-6\"><a href=\"#fn-6\">6</a></sup> And also</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Corresponding Spanish text: “<em>ponjanlos vnas alas de papel como angeles.</em>”<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>Ibid.</em>: <em>aiauhcalco</em> is described as “<em>un oratorio que estaua iunto a tepetzinco de la parte del occidente.</em>”<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p><em>quaquacuilti</em>: (sing., <em>quacuilli</em>): in Seler’s <em>Gesammelte Abhandlungen</em>, Vol. II, p. 987, it is suggested that the meaning of the term is probably “<em>der zum Haupte gewählt ist.</em>” In Sahagún’s <em>Histoire générale des choses de la Nouvelle-Espagne</em>, trans. D. Jourdanet and Rémi Siméon (Paris: G. Masson, Editeur, 1880; hereafter referred to as Sahagún, Jourdanet-Siméon ed.), p. 110, n. 2, the translators render the term <em>preneur de têtes</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-4\"><p>In the corresponding Spanish text, Sahagún explains in greater detail: “*Si alguno de los mjnistros del templo, y otros q̃ llamauan quaquacujlti, y los viejos se boluian a sus casas, y no llegauan a donde aujan de matar, los njños: tenjanlos por infames, y indignos de njngun oficio publico: de ay adelante llamauanlos mocauhque, que qujere dezir dexados”. *<a href=\"#fnref-4\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-5\"><p><em>cujtlacochi: Toxostoma curvirostre</em> (Swainson) in Dibble and Anderson, <em>Book XI,</em> p. 51.<a href=\"#fnref-5\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-6\"><p><em>pipixcame</em> (sing., <em>pipixcan</em>): <em>Larus pipixcan Wagler</em> in <em>ibid.,</em> p. 43.<a href=\"#fnref-6\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"16v"}