{"id":"9a3a540b-4c29-4782-9557-0e559180e115","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/29r/","folio":"29r","book":"2"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/28v/","folio":"28v","book":"2"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/29v/","folio":"29v","book":"2"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/b1171f5f-37c1-4e5a-9b72-f24ed62a5f45/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/b1171f5f-37c1-4e5a-9b72-f24ed62a5f45/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/b1171f5f-37c1-4e5a-9b72-f24ed62a5f45/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/b1171f5f-37c1-4e5a-9b72-f24ed62a5f45/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/b1171f5f-37c1-4e5a-9b72-f24ed62a5f45/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/b1171f5f-37c1-4e5a-9b72-f24ed62a5f45/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/b1171f5f-37c1-4e5a-9b72-f24ed62a5f45/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/1_83r.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/b1171f5f-37c1-4e5a-9b72-f24ed62a5f45/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_1_2.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/eea00603-d92a-431e-988e-3f9a288a571d/","canvas_label":{"en":["29r"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","book_title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"book_subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad.","book_number":"2","total_folios":292,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"dc9e31b2-6f73-40a4-946c-24c345c70e8e","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"áspera: daos con ella en la cara y en las narices para que os salga sangre, y si más quisiéredes, agujeraos la garganta con un tizón para que escopáis por allí. Ruégoos que calléis y os pongáis en vuestra paz.\"\n \nAunque desta manera respondían a la mujer que lo reprendía, era por mostrar ánimo, que bien quedaban lastimados los mancebos de las palabras de la mujer que había reprendido. Y después decían entre sí: \"Ofrézcola al Diablo, la bellacona. ¡Y cómo nos ha reprendido tan de agudo, que nos ha lastimado el corazón con sus palabras! ¡Amigos, menester es que vamos a hacer alguna cosa con que nos tengan en algo!\"\n\nDespués que habían llevado al cu las mazorcas de maíz, volvíanlas a sus casas. Echábanlas en el hondón de la troxe. Decían que era el corazón de la troxe, y en el tiempo del sembrar sacábanlas para sembrar. El maíz dellas servían de semilla.\n\nEsta fiesta hacían a honra de la diosa llamada Chicomecóatl, la cual imaginaban como mujer, y decían que ella era la que daba los mantenimientos del cuerpo para conservar la vida humana, porque cualquiera que le faltan los man[tenimientos]","html":"<p>áspera: daos con ella en la cara y en las narices para que os salga sangre, y si más quisiéredes, agujeraos la garganta con un tizón para que escopáis por allí. Ruégoos que calléis y os pongáis en vuestra paz.&quot;</p>\n<p>Aunque desta manera respondían a la mujer que lo reprendía, era por mostrar ánimo, que bien quedaban lastimados los mancebos de las palabras de la mujer que había reprendido. Y después decían entre sí: &quot;Ofrézcola al Diablo, la bellacona. ¡Y cómo nos ha reprendido tan de agudo, que nos ha lastimado el corazón con sus palabras! ¡Amigos, menester es que vamos a hacer alguna cosa con que nos tengan en algo!&quot;</p>\n<p>Después que habían llevado al cu las mazorcas de maíz, volvíanlas a sus casas. Echábanlas en el hondón de la troxe. Decían que era el corazón de la troxe, y en el tiempo del sembrar sacábanlas para sembrar. El maíz dellas servían de semilla.</p>\n<p>Esta fiesta hacían a honra de la diosa llamada Chicomecóatl, la cual imaginaban como mujer, y decían que ella era la que daba los mantenimientos del cuerpo para conservar la vida humana, porque cualquiera que le faltan los man[tenimientos]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"28f634e9-7b75-4a46-a096-bb8fba9ed98f","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"hit your face and your nose with it until you bleed; and if you should want more, pierce your throat with a charred stick so that you may spit through that [hole]. Please, just be quiet and calm down.” \n\nAlthough they would respond to the woman who scolded someone in this way, they would do this in order to show courage, for the young men were really hurt by the words of the woman who had scolded them. And later on, they would tell each other, “I offer her to the devil, the big hag! Oh, how sharply she scolded us, for she has [truly] hurt our hearts with her words! Friends, we must go and do something that will give us renown!”\n\nAfter they had brought the cobs to the _cu_, they would bring all of them back to their houses. They would throw them in the bottom of the maize bin, for they said that this was the heart of the maize bin. And when it was time for sowing, they would take them out to sow, and their kernels would serve as the seed. \n\nThey would celebrate this festival in honor of the goddess called Chicomecoatl, whom they imagined as a woman. And they said that she was the one who gave sustenance to the body in order to preserve human life, because whoever lacks these nourishments","html":"<p>hit your face and your nose with it until you bleed; and if you should want more, pierce your throat with a charred stick so that you may spit through that [hole]. Please, just be quiet and calm down.”</p>\n<p>Although they would respond to the woman who scolded someone in this way, they would do this in order to show courage, for the young men were really hurt by the words of the woman who had scolded them. And later on, they would tell each other, “I offer her to the devil, the big hag! Oh, how sharply she scolded us, for she has [truly] hurt our hearts with her words! Friends, we must go and do something that will give us renown!”</p>\n<p>After they had brought the cobs to the <em>cu</em>, they would bring all of them back to their houses. They would throw them in the bottom of the maize bin, for they said that this was the heart of the maize bin. And when it was time for sowing, they would take them out to sow, and their kernels would serve as the seed.</p>\n<p>They would celebrate this festival in honor of the goddess called Chicomecoatl, whom they imagined as a woman. And they said that she was the one who gave sustenance to the body in order to preserve human life, because whoever lacks these nourishments</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"f3fcfefc-8c52-4653-8daf-96052d09971b","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[teio]leoa, ic teiollo tzicujnia in cioa, in iaoc. \n\nCa qujttoa, in toqujchti \neço tecoco, yn jntlatol cioa, eço teitic acic in cioatlatolli, ca otiiaque, ça otiqujtoque, yn ahtinemizque: aço itla tomaceoal tocnjuhtze. \n\nAuh in qujmamatiuj in cicinteteuh, yn oqujtquja iteupan chicome coatl, tlaiollotl muchioa: incuezcomaiollo muchioa, cuezcomac contema. \n\nAuh yn iquac totoco, in ie toquizpã iehoatl qujtocaia gujxinachioaia, qujxinachioa. \n\nAuh injn qujlhujtlaltia, qujlhujchiujlia in chicome coatl:\niuhqujn cioatl qujtlaliaia ixiptla. Qujtoaia, ca uel iehoatl in tonacaiutl: iuhq͗nma gujtoznequj, ca nel tonacaio, tonenca, ic tiioltinemj, tooapaoaca: intlacamo iehoatl, ca tapizmiquizque. \n\nCa yn aqujn, atle qujqua tlaxcalli, ca njman çotlaoa, vetzi, meciuhtiuetzi, ynacaz, yicaoaca, tlaioalli ipã momana: \n\nyoan mjtoa, ca in iehoatl chicome coatl, ca qujchioa yn ixqujch tonacaiutl: in iztac tlaolli, in coztic tlaolli, in xiuhtoctli, yiaujtl, yiauhnenel, iauhcacalquj, tlaolpatlachtli, in totolontic, in tlaolpicilli, tlaolpitzaoac: in xochicintli, ynjn iuhqujn ezoaoanquj, ezcujcujltic: njman iee in quappachcin[tli:]","html":"<p>[teio]leoa, ic teiollo tzicujnia in cioa, in iaoc.</p>\n<p>Ca qujttoa, in toqujchti\neço tecoco, yn jntlatol cioa, eço teitic acic in cioatlatolli, ca otiiaque, ça otiqujtoque, yn ahtinemizque: aço itla tomaceoal tocnjuhtze.</p>\n<p>Auh in qujmamatiuj in cicinteteuh, yn oqujtquja iteupan chicome coatl, tlaiollotl muchioa: incuezcomaiollo muchioa, cuezcomac contema.</p>\n<p>Auh yn iquac totoco, in ie toquizpã iehoatl qujtocaia gujxinachioaia, qujxinachioa.</p>\n<p>Auh injn qujlhujtlaltia, qujlhujchiujlia in chicome coatl:\niuhqujn cioatl qujtlaliaia ixiptla. Qujtoaia, ca uel iehoatl in tonacaiutl: iuhq͗nma gujtoznequj, ca nel tonacaio, tonenca, ic tiioltinemj, tooapaoaca: intlacamo iehoatl, ca tapizmiquizque.</p>\n<p>Ca yn aqujn, atle qujqua tlaxcalli, ca njman çotlaoa, vetzi, meciuhtiuetzi, ynacaz, yicaoaca, tlaioalli ipã momana:</p>\n<p>yoan mjtoa, ca in iehoatl chicome coatl, ca qujchioa yn ixqujch tonacaiutl: in iztac tlaolli, in coztic tlaolli, in xiuhtoctli, yiaujtl, yiauhnenel, iauhcacalquj, tlaolpatlachtli, in totolontic, in tlaolpicilli, tlaolpitzaoac: in xochicintli, ynjn iuhqujn ezoaoanquj, ezcujcujltic: njman iee in quappachcin[tli:]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"4ae60d82-25c0-4a7e-b829-6164a86be4ec","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"thus they moved them; thus the women could prod them into battle. \n\nIndeed we men said: \n\n&#8220;Bloody, painful are the words of the women; bloody, penetrating are women&#8217;s words. Indeed we have gone; we have said that we shall not live. Perhaps we shall merit something, O our friend.&#8221; \n\nAnd when [the young girls] went carrying upon their backs the maize gods, as they took them to the Temple of Chicome coatl, [the ears of maize] were made hearts. They became their granary hearts. They laid them in the granary.[^19]  \n\nAnd when the seed was sown, when it was the time for planting, this they sowed. They made seed of it; they scattered it as seed. \n\nAnd they established, they celebrated this feast for Chicome coatl. \n\nThey formed her image as a woman. They said: &#8220;Yea, verily, this one is our sustenance&#8221;; that is to say, indeed truly she is our flesh, our livelihood; through her we live; she is our strength. If she were not, we should indeed die of hunger. \n\nFor he who eateth no tortillas indeed then fainteth; he falleth down: he droppeth quickly; there is a twittering as of birds in his ears; darkness descendeth upon him.\n\nAnd, it was said, it was indeed this Chicome coatl who made all our food&#8212;white maize, yellow maize, green maize shoots,[^20] black maize, black and brown mixed, variously hued; large and wide; round and ball-like; slender maize, thin; long maize; speckled red and white maize as if striped with blood, painted with blood&#8212;then the \n\n\n\n\n[^19]: Corresponding Spanish text: &#8220;*echauanlos, en el hondon, de la troxe dezian: que era el coraçon de la troxe.*&#8221; \n\n\n[^20]: For a description of the varieties of maize, beans, amaranth, and chía listed, see Dibble and Anderson, *Book XI*, pp. 279–87.","html":"<p>thus they moved them; thus the women could prod them into battle.</p>\n<p>Indeed we men said:</p>\n<p>“Bloody, painful are the words of the women; bloody, penetrating are women’s words. Indeed we have gone; we have said that we shall not live. Perhaps we shall merit something, O our friend.”</p>\n<p>And when [the young girls] went carrying upon their backs the maize gods, as they took them to the Temple of Chicome coatl, [the ears of maize] were made hearts. They became their granary hearts. They laid them in the granary.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></p>\n<p>And when the seed was sown, when it was the time for planting, this they sowed. They made seed of it; they scattered it as seed.</p>\n<p>And they established, they celebrated this feast for Chicome coatl.</p>\n<p>They formed her image as a woman. They said: “Yea, verily, this one is our sustenance”; that is to say, indeed truly she is our flesh, our livelihood; through her we live; she is our strength. If she were not, we should indeed die of hunger.</p>\n<p>For he who eateth no tortillas indeed then fainteth; he falleth down: he droppeth quickly; there is a twittering as of birds in his ears; darkness descendeth upon him.</p>\n<p>And, it was said, it was indeed this Chicome coatl who made all our food—white maize, yellow maize, green maize shoots,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> black maize, black and brown mixed, variously hued; large and wide; round and ball-like; slender maize, thin; long maize; speckled red and white maize as if striped with blood, painted with blood—then the</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Corresponding Spanish text: “<em>echauanlos, en el hondon, de la troxe dezian: que era el coraçon de la troxe.</em>”<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>For a description of the varieties of maize, beans, amaranth, and chía listed, see Dibble and Anderson, <em>Book XI</em>, pp. 279–87.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"29r"}