{"id":"5766060a-181c-4735-8af8-b490e15be861","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/51v/","folio":"51v","book":"2"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/51r/","folio":"51r","book":"2"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/52r/","folio":"52r","book":"2"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3c326eeb-86e7-4bc5-a937-14b943dc8d4f/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3c326eeb-86e7-4bc5-a937-14b943dc8d4f/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3c326eeb-86e7-4bc5-a937-14b943dc8d4f/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3c326eeb-86e7-4bc5-a937-14b943dc8d4f/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3c326eeb-86e7-4bc5-a937-14b943dc8d4f/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3c326eeb-86e7-4bc5-a937-14b943dc8d4f/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3c326eeb-86e7-4bc5-a937-14b943dc8d4f/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/1_105v.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3c326eeb-86e7-4bc5-a937-14b943dc8d4f/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_1_2.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/569fb622-60a4-4725-b2e4-8d7dfb1c5dff/","canvas_label":{"en":["51v"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","book_title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"book_subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad.","book_number":"2","total_folios":292,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"1b419996-ecb6-4b9e-be90-f8c8fd29dee2","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"[orde]nados y cantando y bailando de dos en dos hombres, y en medio de cada dos hombres una mujer. Estos que hacían este areito era toda gente escogida, capitanes y otros valientes hombres exercitados en las cosas de la guerra. Estos que llevaban las mujeres entre sí, llevaban asidas de las manos. La otra gente noble, que no eran exercitados en la guerra, no entraban en este areito. Iban las mujeres muy ataviadas, con ricos huipiles y naoas, y labrados de diversas labores, y muy costosos; unas llevaban naoas que llaman _yollo_; otras que llaman _totolitipetlayo_; otras que llaman _cacamoliuhqui_; otras que llaman _ilacatziuhqui_ o _tlatzcállotl_; otras que llaman _pétztic_; todas con sus cortapisas muy labradas. Y los huipiles, unos llevaban los que se llaman _cuappachpipílcac_; otros que llaman _poc-huipilli_; otros que llaman _yapalpipílcac_; otros que llaman _cacallo_; otros que llaman _mimichcho_; otros blancos, sin ningún labor. Las cargantas destos huipiles llevaban unos labores muy anchos, que cubrían todo el pecho, y las flocaduras de los huipiles eran muy anchas.\n\nBailaban estas mujeres en cabello, los cabellos tendidos, y las trenzas con que soelen atar","html":"<p>[orde]nados y cantando y bailando de dos en dos hombres, y en medio de cada dos hombres una mujer. Estos que hacían este areito era toda gente escogida, capitanes y otros valientes hombres exercitados en las cosas de la guerra. Estos que llevaban las mujeres entre sí, llevaban asidas de las manos. La otra gente noble, que no eran exercitados en la guerra, no entraban en este areito. Iban las mujeres muy ataviadas, con ricos huipiles y naoas, y labrados de diversas labores, y muy costosos; unas llevaban naoas que llaman <em>yollo</em>; otras que llaman <em>totolitipetlayo</em>; otras que llaman <em>cacamoliuhqui</em>; otras que llaman <em>ilacatziuhqui</em> o <em>tlatzcállotl</em>; otras que llaman <em>pétztic</em>; todas con sus cortapisas muy labradas. Y los huipiles, unos llevaban los que se llaman <em>cuappachpipílcac</em>; otros que llaman <em>poc-huipilli</em>; otros que llaman <em>yapalpipílcac</em>; otros que llaman <em>cacallo</em>; otros que llaman <em>mimichcho</em>; otros blancos, sin ningún labor. Las cargantas destos huipiles llevaban unos labores muy anchos, que cubrían todo el pecho, y las flocaduras de los huipiles eran muy anchas.</p>\n<p>Bailaban estas mujeres en cabello, los cabellos tendidos, y las trenzas con que soelen atar</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"ebe28cf2-bde6-4a79-9232-fc5820521db7","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"singing and dancing in pairs of men, with one woman in the middle of every pair of men. Those who performed this _areito_ were all chosen people: captains and other brave men experienced in warfare. These men who had the women between them would be holding their hands.[^112] The rest of the [male] nobles, who had no experience in warfare, would not participate in this _areito_. The women would be very well dressed, with rich _huipiles_ and skirts[^113] that were embroidered with many—and very costly—designs: they would wear some skirts that they call _yollo_; others called _totolipetlayo_; others called _cacamoliuhqui_; others called _ilacatziuhqui_ or _tlatzcallotl_; others called _petztic_—all of them with their own richly embroidered brocades. As for the _huipiles_, they would wear some that are called _cuappachpipilcac_; others called _pochuipilli_; others called _yapalpipilcac_; others called _cacalloh_; others called _mimichchoh_; others that are white, without any embroidery. The necks of these _huipiles_ had some very wide patterns that would cover the entire chest; and the fringes of these _huipiles_ were very wide. \n\nThese women would dance with their hair loose and flowing, and they would wear the braids with which they usually bind \n\n\n[^112]: “These men . . . hands: “Estos que llevaban las mujeres entre sí, llevaban asidas de las manos.” The Nahuatl text says that the women would join the dance while holding the hands of these warriors.\n\n[^113]: “Skirts”: _naguas_ (and in following line).","html":"<p>singing and dancing in pairs of men, with one woman in the middle of every pair of men. Those who performed this <em>areito</em> were all chosen people: captains and other brave men experienced in warfare. These men who had the women between them would be holding their hands.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> The rest of the [male] nobles, who had no experience in warfare, would not participate in this <em>areito</em>. The women would be very well dressed, with rich <em>huipiles</em> and skirts<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> that were embroidered with many—and very costly—designs: they would wear some skirts that they call <em>yollo</em>; others called <em>totolipetlayo</em>; others called <em>cacamoliuhqui</em>; others called <em>ilacatziuhqui</em> or <em>tlatzcallotl</em>; others called <em>petztic</em>—all of them with their own richly embroidered brocades. As for the <em>huipiles</em>, they would wear some that are called <em>cuappachpipilcac</em>; others called <em>pochuipilli</em>; others called <em>yapalpipilcac</em>; others called <em>cacalloh</em>; others called <em>mimichchoh</em>; others that are white, without any embroidery. The necks of these <em>huipiles</em> had some very wide patterns that would cover the entire chest; and the fringes of these <em>huipiles</em> were very wide.</p>\n<p>These women would dance with their hair loose and flowing, and they would wear the braids with which they usually bind</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“These men . . . hands: “Estos que llevaban las mujeres entre sí, llevaban asidas de las manos.” The Nahuatl text says that the women would join the dance while holding the hands of these warriors.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>“Skirts”: <em>naguas</em> (and in following line).<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"00ab7f0d-6738-49ba-8e1f-045e39b2e70b","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[tla]viltetl viuipantoca, tetecpantoca, chiquacenpantitoca: auh in cempantli, matlatlatetl, actimanca: auh ynjc totomaoac catca tlaujltetl, hoontlacujtlanaoatectli: auh ynjc quaquauhtic catca, cecen quapantli: \nauh in ie iuhquj, mec oalqujxoa, in cujcacali, cujcatiujtze, mjtotitiujtze, intzatzalan actiujtze in cioa: iehoantin in maaujltia, yn aujenjme: iehoantin in tlatzonanti, in tlapepenti, in tlacenqujxtilti: \n\nauh yn qujnnanamictia, yn inmatitech qujmantiuj, çan iehoantin in mauiztililonj in teachcaoan, yoan in telpochtequjoaque, yoan in quaquachicti, yn otomj, yoan in pipilti: amo tehoan motecpana, çan jllotlama, incãpa onmoquetza tetlan. \n\nAuh in cioa uel mocencaoa, vel moiecchichioa, much qualli in conmaquja, yn jncue, yn jvipil: yn incue cequj iollo, cequj totolitipetlaio, cequj cacamoliuhquj, cequj ilacatziuhquj, anoço tlatzcallotl, cequj çan petztic, muchi tene, muchi tlatenio, muchi cuetenio.","html":"<p>[tla]viltetl viuipantoca, tetecpantoca, chiquacenpantitoca: auh in cempantli, matlatlatetl, actimanca: auh ynjc totomaoac catca tlaujltetl, hoontlacujtlanaoatectli: auh ynjc quaquauhtic catca, cecen quapantli:\nauh in ie iuhquj, mec oalqujxoa, in cujcacali, cujcatiujtze, mjtotitiujtze, intzatzalan actiujtze in cioa: iehoantin in maaujltia, yn aujenjme: iehoantin in tlatzonanti, in tlapepenti, in tlacenqujxtilti:</p>\n<p>auh yn qujnnanamictia, yn inmatitech qujmantiuj, çan iehoantin in mauiztililonj in teachcaoan, yoan in telpochtequjoaque, yoan in quaquachicti, yn otomj, yoan in pipilti: amo tehoan motecpana, çan jllotlama, incãpa onmoquetza tetlan.</p>\n<p>Auh in cioa uel mocencaoa, vel moiecchichioa, much qualli in conmaquja, yn jncue, yn jvipil: yn incue cequj iollo, cequj totolitipetlaio, cequj cacamoliuhquj, cequj ilacatziuhquj, anoço tlatzcallotl, cequj çan petztic, muchi tene, muchi tlatenio, muchi cuetenio.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"2c8d01c8-ccc7-479a-b51b-c01e4378b429","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"braziers lay in various rows; they lay in various lines; they lay in six rows. And each row was of ten [braziers]. And the braziers were so wide, each one, that two [men] took one in their embrace, and each was as tall as a man.[^9] \n\nAnd when this was done, then there was issuing from the house of song. They came singing, they came dancing. Between each pair [of men] came the women, the courtesans, the pleasure girls, the best ones, the chosen ones, those set apart. \n\nAnd they went joining with,[^10] went taking by the hands[^11] those worthy of honor, the masters of the youths, and the young seasoned warriors, and the shorn ones, the Otomí, and the noblemen. [These last] were not arranged in order with them; they only placed themselves behind them, near them. \n\nAnd the women were indeed adorned; they were indeed carefully bedight. All good were their skirts, their shifts which they had put on. Some of their skirts had [designs of] hearts; some had a mat design like birds&#8217; gizzards; some were ornamented like coverlets; some had designs like spirals or like leaves; some were of plain, fine weave. All had borders,[^12] all had fringes; all [the women] had fringed skirts. \n\n\n\n\n[^9]: Corresponding Spanish text: &#8220;*gran copia de braseros altos, cerca de vn estado, y gruessos, que apenas los podian dos abraçar.*&#8221; Literally, *hoontlacujtlanaoatectli* may be rendered &#8220;two can take [it] in their embrace.&#8221;\n\n\n[^10]: *quĩnanamictiui* in the *Real Palacio MS*. \n\n\n[^11]: *quimaantiui* in *ibid*. \n\n\n[^12]: *tetene* in *ibid*.","html":"<p>braziers lay in various rows; they lay in various lines; they lay in six rows. And each row was of ten [braziers]. And the braziers were so wide, each one, that two [men] took one in their embrace, and each was as tall as a man.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></p>\n<p>And when this was done, then there was issuing from the house of song. They came singing, they came dancing. Between each pair [of men] came the women, the courtesans, the pleasure girls, the best ones, the chosen ones, those set apart.</p>\n<p>And they went joining with,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> went taking by the hands<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup> those worthy of honor, the masters of the youths, and the young seasoned warriors, and the shorn ones, the Otomí, and the noblemen. [These last] were not arranged in order with them; they only placed themselves behind them, near them.</p>\n<p>And the women were indeed adorned; they were indeed carefully bedight. All good were their skirts, their shifts which they had put on. Some of their skirts had [designs of] hearts; some had a mat design like birds’ gizzards; some were ornamented like coverlets; some had designs like spirals or like leaves; some were of plain, fine weave. All had borders,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-4\"><a href=\"#fn-4\">4</a></sup> all had fringes; all [the women] had fringed skirts.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Corresponding Spanish text: “<em>gran copia de braseros altos, cerca de vn estado, y gruessos, que apenas los podian dos abraçar.</em>” Literally, <em>hoontlacujtlanaoatectli</em> may be rendered “two can take [it] in their embrace.”<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>quĩnanamictiui</em> in the <em>Real Palacio MS</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p><em>quimaantiui</em> in <em>ibid</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-4\"><p><em>tetene</em> in <em>ibid</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-4\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"51v"}