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and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"book_subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad.","book_number":"2","total_folios":292,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"bc60fb36-5d1c-48e3-9a42-79fc092ac3e9","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"Y si los mozos del _calpulco_ vencían a los del _calmécac_, encerrábanlos en _calmécac_ y robaban cuanto hallaban: petates, icpales, cornetas y caracoles, etcétera. Y apartábanse y cesaba la escaramuza a la puesta del Sol.\n\nAl cuarto día llamaban _nexpixolo_. Decían los viejos que los esclavos que habían sido muertos estaban aún todavía por ahí, que no habían ido al Infierno. Y el cuarto día que se llamaba _nexpixolo_, entonce entraban al Infierno. Y aquel mismo día ponían en sus petacas los papeles con que los esclavos y captivos habían muerto. Y aquel mismo día los dueños de los esclavos y captivos, y toda la otra gente, se bañaban y xabonaban, y lavaban las cabezas. Y luego se iban todos para sus casas, porque ya era acabada la fiesta.\n\n#### Capítulo XXXV de la fiesta y cerimonias que se hacían en las calendas del décimo sexto mes, que se llamaba _atemuztli_ \nAl mes décimo sexto llamaban _atemuztli_, que quiere decir \"descendimiento de agua\". Y lla[mábanle]","html":"<p>Y si los mozos del <em>calpulco</em> vencían a los del <em>calmécac</em>, encerrábanlos en <em>calmécac</em> y robaban cuanto hallaban: petates, icpales, cornetas y caracoles, etcétera. Y apartábanse y cesaba la escaramuza a la puesta del Sol.</p>\n<p>Al cuarto día llamaban <em>nexpixolo</em>. Decían los viejos que los esclavos que habían sido muertos estaban aún todavía por ahí, que no habían ido al Infierno. Y el cuarto día que se llamaba <em>nexpixolo</em>, entonce entraban al Infierno. Y aquel mismo día ponían en sus petacas los papeles con que los esclavos y captivos habían muerto. Y aquel mismo día los dueños de los esclavos y captivos, y toda la otra gente, se bañaban y xabonaban, y lavaban las cabezas. Y luego se iban todos para sus casas, porque ya era acabada la fiesta.</p>\n<h4>Capítulo XXXV de la fiesta y cerimonias que se hacían en las calendas del décimo sexto mes, que se llamaba <em>atemuztli</em></h4>\n<p>Al mes décimo sexto llamaban <em>atemuztli</em>, que quiere decir &quot;descendimiento de agua&quot;. Y lla[mábanle]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"f21fc595-66a4-472b-b79b-2426ab1aff7e","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"And if the young men from the _calpulco_ happened to win against the ones from the _calmecac_, they would lock them up in the _calmecac_, and they [the young men from the _calpulco_] would steal whatever they found [there]: _petates_, _icpales_, bugles, and conch shells, et cetera. And they would leave, thus ending the skirmish at sunset.\n\nThey called the fourth day _nexpixolo_. The older men said that the slaves who had been killed were still around, for they had not [yet] gone to hell, and that on the fourth day, which was called _nexpixolo_, they would then enter hell. And on that same day, they would put inside their _petacas_ the papers with which the slaves and captives had died. And on that same day, the owners of the slaves and captives, along with all the rest of the people, would bathe and wash with soap—and they would even wash their heads. And then everybody would go home, because the festival had already ended. \n \n#### Chapter 35: On the festival and ceremonies that were performed during the initial days of the sixteenth month, which was called Atemoztli\n\nThey called the sixteenth month Atemoztli, which means “descent of water.” And they called","html":"<p>And if the young men from the <em>calpulco</em> happened to win against the ones from the <em>calmecac</em>, they would lock them up in the <em>calmecac</em>, and they [the young men from the <em>calpulco</em>] would steal whatever they found [there]: <em>petates</em>, <em>icpales</em>, bugles, and conch shells, et cetera. And they would leave, thus ending the skirmish at sunset.</p>\n<p>They called the fourth day <em>nexpixolo</em>. The older men said that the slaves who had been killed were still around, for they had not [yet] gone to hell, and that on the fourth day, which was called <em>nexpixolo</em>, they would then enter hell. And on that same day, they would put inside their <em>petacas</em> the papers with which the slaves and captives had died. And on that same day, the owners of the slaves and captives, along with all the rest of the people, would bathe and wash with soap—and they would even wash their heads. And then everybody would go home, because the festival had already ended.</p>\n<h4>Chapter 35: On the festival and ceremonies that were performed during the initial days of the sixteenth month, which was called Atemoztli</h4>\n<p>They called the sixteenth month Atemoztli, which means “descent of water.” And they called</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"08245b36-6f4c-4dca-9aa4-b60a3e9a40c2","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"muchi qujqujxtia, muchi qujcuj.\n\nAuh intla qujntocaticalaqujzque tlamacazque in calmecac, no qujntlanamoielia, qujotlaçaçaqujlia, muchi qujnqujxtilia, in petlatl, in tecciztli, in jcpalli: \n\nauh çan vncã xixitinj, necacaoalo, oc achi tonatiuh ie teutlac. \n\nAuh injc navilhujtl moteneoa, nexpixolo: qujtoaia in vevetque. Ca in tlaaltilti in omjcque: qujl oc nemj navilhujtl, aiamo vi in mjctlan: auh in jquac nexpixolo, qujnjquac temo in mjctlan; \n\nyoã iquac motlatia, mopetlacaltema, in jmamatlatquj in jpã omjcque, yoan iquac neamovilo, neaaltilo, mec viviloa, ic cecēmanoa. \n\nNicã tzõqujça in jlhujtl Panquetzaliztli, ie cuel ic naujlhujtl cõcujlia in Atemuztli. \n\n\n#### Inic cempoalli on caxtolli capitulo: itechpa tlatoa in jlhujtl, yoan in tlamaviztililiztli, in qujchioaia in jpan ic cemjlhujtl ic caxtoltetl occe metztli in moteneoa Atemuztli. \n\nInjc caxtoltetl, oce ilhujtl iehoatl in moteneoa Atemuztli: \ninjc moteneoa Atemuztli, ca i[quac]","html":"<p>muchi qujqujxtia, muchi qujcuj.</p>\n<p>Auh intla qujntocaticalaqujzque tlamacazque in calmecac, no qujntlanamoielia, qujotlaçaçaqujlia, muchi qujnqujxtilia, in petlatl, in tecciztli, in jcpalli:</p>\n<p>auh çan vncã xixitinj, necacaoalo, oc achi tonatiuh ie teutlac.</p>\n<p>Auh injc navilhujtl moteneoa, nexpixolo: qujtoaia in vevetque. Ca in tlaaltilti in omjcque: qujl oc nemj navilhujtl, aiamo vi in mjctlan: auh in jquac nexpixolo, qujnjquac temo in mjctlan;</p>\n<p>yoã iquac motlatia, mopetlacaltema, in jmamatlatquj in jpã omjcque, yoan iquac neamovilo, neaaltilo, mec viviloa, ic cecēmanoa.</p>\n<p>Nicã tzõqujça in jlhujtl Panquetzaliztli, ie cuel ic naujlhujtl cõcujlia in Atemuztli.</p>\n<h4>Inic cempoalli on caxtolli capitulo: itechpa tlatoa in jlhujtl, yoan in tlamaviztililiztli, in qujchioaia in jpan ic cemjlhujtl ic caxtoltetl occe metztli in moteneoa Atemuztli.</h4>\n<p>Injc caxtoltetl, oce ilhujtl iehoatl in moteneoa Atemuztli:\ninjc moteneoa Atemuztli, ca i[quac]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"df61ddcc-b92e-4a35-9009-9be3ca1cfe74","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"they took away all; they took all. \n\nAnd if [the youths] chased the offering priests into the *calmecac*, they also robbed them;[^30] they removed things from them. They took away all the mats, the shell trumpets, the seats with backs. \n\nAnd they just dispersed from there, each one; there was stopping toward evening when there was still a little sun.\n\nAnd the fourth day [of Atemoztli] was called &#8220;Ashes are scattered.&#8221; The old people said: &#8220;Indeed the bathed ones who died, it is said, still walk [on the earth] for four days. Not yet do they depart to the place of the dead. But when ashes are scattered, then they go down to the place of the dead.&#8221; \n\nAnd at that time were burned their paper vestments in which they had died, which had been laid in reed coffers. And at that time there was head-washing with *amolli* soap; there was bathing. Then there was departing on the part of each one; thus there was dispersing, [each to his own house]. \n\nHere ended the feast of Panquetzaliztli; already it had taken four days from [the month of] Atemoztli. \n\n#### Thirty-fifth Chapter, which telleth of the feast day and the honors which they observed during all the days of the sixteenth month, which was called Atemoztli.[^1] \n\nThe sixteenth feast was the one known as Atemoztli. \n\nFor this reason was it called Atemoztli: it was indeed \n\n\n\n\n[^30]: *quintlanamoyalia* in *ibid*. \n\n\n[^1]: &#8220;*Bajada de el agua,*&#8221; according to Torquemada, *Segunda parte*, p. 299, &#8220;*porque este Mes suele llover, y nevar algunos Años.*&#8221; Garibay (&#8220;Relacion breve,&#8221; p. 313) has the same. \n\n\nConcerning the term Atemoztli, Tovar refers to frequent, extraordinary drizzles in the region, attributed to Tlaloc. Kubler and Gibson, *The Tovar Calendar*, p. 33.","html":"<p>they took away all; they took all.</p>\n<p>And if [the youths] chased the offering priests into the <em>calmecac</em>, they also robbed them;<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> they removed things from them. They took away all the mats, the shell trumpets, the seats with backs.</p>\n<p>And they just dispersed from there, each one; there was stopping toward evening when there was still a little sun.</p>\n<p>And the fourth day [of Atemoztli] was called “Ashes are scattered.” The old people said: “Indeed the bathed ones who died, it is said, still walk [on the earth] for four days. Not yet do they depart to the place of the dead. But when ashes are scattered, then they go down to the place of the dead.”</p>\n<p>And at that time were burned their paper vestments in which they had died, which had been laid in reed coffers. And at that time there was head-washing with <em>amolli</em> soap; there was bathing. Then there was departing on the part of each one; thus there was dispersing, [each to his own house].</p>\n<p>Here ended the feast of Panquetzaliztli; already it had taken four days from [the month of] Atemoztli.</p>\n<h4>Thirty-fifth Chapter, which telleth of the feast day and the honors which they observed during all the days of the sixteenth month, which was called Atemoztli.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup></h4>\n<p>The sixteenth feast was the one known as Atemoztli.</p>\n<p>For this reason was it called Atemoztli: it was indeed</p>\n<p>Concerning the term Atemoztli, Tovar refers to frequent, extraordinary drizzles in the region, attributed to Tlaloc. Kubler and Gibson, <em>The Tovar Calendar</em>, p. 33.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>quintlanamoyalia</em> in <em>ibid</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>“<em>Bajada de el agua,</em>” according to Torquemada, <em>Segunda parte</em>, p. 299, “<em>porque este Mes suele llover, y nevar algunos Años.</em>” Garibay (“Relacion breve,” p. 313) has the same.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"90r"}