{"id":"e62531fa-dbd5-4afe-9de2-e88c92be0137","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/94r/","folio":"94r","book":"2"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/93v/","folio":"93v","book":"2"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/folio/94v/","folio":"94v","book":"2"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3bfa1ef5-9e5f-40e3-81eb-293fdcee62df/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3bfa1ef5-9e5f-40e3-81eb-293fdcee62df/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3bfa1ef5-9e5f-40e3-81eb-293fdcee62df/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3bfa1ef5-9e5f-40e3-81eb-293fdcee62df/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3bfa1ef5-9e5f-40e3-81eb-293fdcee62df/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3bfa1ef5-9e5f-40e3-81eb-293fdcee62df/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3bfa1ef5-9e5f-40e3-81eb-293fdcee62df/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/1_148r.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/3bfa1ef5-9e5f-40e3-81eb-293fdcee62df/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_1_2.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/d8fdc285-2292-4113-8406-a4a290b690f6/","canvas_label":{"en":["94r"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","book_title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"book_subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad.","book_number":"2","total_folios":292,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"71377295-469b-45ab-b1f3-6cbe06249097","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"arriba, matábanla luego y sacábanle el corazón. Luego la cortaban la cabeza y dábanla al que llevaba los ornamentos de aquella diosa, con que iba vestido, el cual iba delante de todos. Y tomábanla por los cabellos con la mano derecha, y llevábanla colgando, y iba bailando con los demás, y levantaba y abaxaba la cabeza de la muerta a propósito del baile, y guiaba a todos los demás dioses o personajes de los dioses.\n\nAsí bailando, andaban alrededor por lo alto del cu. Habiendo dado algunas vueltas tornábanse a descendir por su orden, como en procesión, y llegando abaxo luego todos se esparcían y si iban a sus casas, que eran los calpules donde se guardaban aquellos ornamentos.\n\nCuando bailaba aquel que iba aderezado con los atavíos de la diosa Ilamatecuhtli, hacía continencias, volviendo hacia atrás, como haciendo represa, y alzaba los pies hacia trás. Llevaba en la mano por bordón una caña maciza sobre que istribaba. Esta caña tenía","html":"<p>arriba, matábanla luego y sacábanle el corazón. Luego la cortaban la cabeza y dábanla al que llevaba los ornamentos de aquella diosa, con que iba vestido, el cual iba delante de todos. Y tomábanla por los cabellos con la mano derecha, y llevábanla colgando, y iba bailando con los demás, y levantaba y abaxaba la cabeza de la muerta a propósito del baile, y guiaba a todos los demás dioses o personajes de los dioses.</p>\n<p>Así bailando, andaban alrededor por lo alto del cu. Habiendo dado algunas vueltas tornábanse a descendir por su orden, como en procesión, y llegando abaxo luego todos se esparcían y si iban a sus casas, que eran los calpules donde se guardaban aquellos ornamentos.</p>\n<p>Cuando bailaba aquel que iba aderezado con los atavíos de la diosa Ilamatecuhtli, hacía continencias, volviendo hacia atrás, como haciendo represa, y alzaba los pies hacia trás. Llevaba en la mano por bordón una caña maciza sobre que istribaba. Esta caña tenía</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"61f9daad-19c7-4580-ae7c-ba1df16bc585","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"to the top, they would kill her at once and tear out her heart. Then they would cut off her head and give it to the one who was wearing the ornaments of that goddess—in which he was dressed—and who was marching in front of all the others. And he would grab it by the hair with his right hand and carry it [with the head] hanging down; and he would go dancing with the others and lift the dead woman’s head up and down according to the rhythm of the dance. And he would lead all the other gods or god impersonators [in the dance]. \n\nThey would go dancing like that all around the top of the _cu_. After going around it several times, they would go down [the steps] again in proper order, as if in a procession; and as soon as they reached the bottom, they would all scatter and return to their own houses, which were [actually] the _calpules_ where those ornaments were kept. \n\nWhen the man who was dressed in the garments of the goddess Ilamateuctli was dancing, he would perform graceful moves: taking some steps backward, as if gaining momentum, and then kicking up his heels behind him.[^175] For a staff, he would carry in his hand a solid cane on which he supported himself. This cane [still] had \n\n\n[^175]: “He would perform . . . behind him”: “Hacía continencias, volviendo hacia atrás, como haciendo represa, y alzaba los pies hacia trás.”","html":"<p>to the top, they would kill her at once and tear out her heart. Then they would cut off her head and give it to the one who was wearing the ornaments of that goddess—in which he was dressed—and who was marching in front of all the others. And he would grab it by the hair with his right hand and carry it [with the head] hanging down; and he would go dancing with the others and lift the dead woman’s head up and down according to the rhythm of the dance. And he would lead all the other gods or god impersonators [in the dance].</p>\n<p>They would go dancing like that all around the top of the <em>cu</em>. After going around it several times, they would go down [the steps] again in proper order, as if in a procession; and as soon as they reached the bottom, they would all scatter and return to their own houses, which were [actually] the <em>calpules</em> where those ornaments were kept.</p>\n<p>When the man who was dressed in the garments of the goddess Ilamateuctli was dancing, he would perform graceful moves: taking some steps backward, as if gaining momentum, and then kicking up his heels behind him.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> For a staff, he would carry in his hand a solid cane on which he supported himself. This cane [still] had</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“He would perform . . . behind him”: “Hacía continencias, volviendo hacia atrás, como haciendo represa, y alzaba los pies hacia trás.”<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"62b3fe99-543e-4d45-89c0-07f5cdeafd16","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[diablo]me cempantitivi, teiacãtiuh in oc ceppa ixiptla, in vel qujmoteutia tlalticpac, çan tlacatl in qujchichioaia. \n\nAuh in oconaxitique, njmã ic coneltequj: auh in õmomjqujli, njmã ic qujoalquechcotona: auh in jtzontecõ, qujoalmaca in teiacantiuh, itlan conana imaiauhcampa in qujtzitzqujtiuh, mjtotitiuh ic ontlaiiauhtiuh in tzõtecomatl, imjxpan icatiuh, qujniacantiuh in jxqujchtin imjxiptlaoan, in impatillooan Diablome, qujoaliaoaloa in teucalli, njman ic oaltemo, çã no ivi, motecpantivitze, cenpantitivitze: auh in otemoco tlalchi, njmã ie ic vivi, momoiaoa, vmpa vivi in inchachan, in incacalpulco, in vmpa pipielo. \n\nauh in teixiptla, in jxjptla Ilama tecutli: injc mjtotiaia tzitzintlacça, itzintlampa in conjaoa icxi: yoan ic motlatlaquechitiuh itopil, v̄tlatl: \n\nin jiacac, in jquac, excan in maxaltic, iuhqujn mjnacachalli: motocaiotia, yiotlavitzil, auh in juh mjtotiaia y, mjtoa, motzi[neoa]","html":"<p>[diablo]me cempantitivi, teiacãtiuh in oc ceppa ixiptla, in vel qujmoteutia tlalticpac, çan tlacatl in qujchichioaia.</p>\n<p>Auh in oconaxitique, njmã ic coneltequj: auh in õmomjqujli, njmã ic qujoalquechcotona: auh in jtzontecõ, qujoalmaca in teiacantiuh, itlan conana imaiauhcampa in qujtzitzqujtiuh, mjtotitiuh ic ontlaiiauhtiuh in tzõtecomatl, imjxpan icatiuh, qujniacantiuh in jxqujchtin imjxiptlaoan, in impatillooan Diablome, qujoaliaoaloa in teucalli, njman ic oaltemo, çã no ivi, motecpantivitze, cenpantitivitze: auh in otemoco tlalchi, njmã ie ic vivi, momoiaoa, vmpa vivi in inchachan, in incacalpulco, in vmpa pipielo.</p>\n<p>auh in teixiptla, in jxjptla Ilama tecutli: injc mjtotiaia tzitzintlacça, itzintlampa in conjaoa icxi: yoan ic motlatlaquechitiuh itopil, v̄tlatl:</p>\n<p>in jiacac, in jquac, excan in maxaltic, iuhqujn mjnacachalli: motocaiotia, yiotlavitzil, auh in juh mjtotiaia y, mjtoa, motzi[neoa]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"ee09d44f-6634-4d0a-bf87-a0c6a86e6eab","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"devils went laying hold of her, went accompanying her; they went in file. Yet another impersonator of [Ilama tecutli] went leading them, one whom verily they thought a god[dess] on earth; it was only a man whom they [so] adorned. \n\nAnd when they had taken her [to the summit], then they cut open her breast. And when she died, then they severed her head. And her head they gave to him who went leading. He took it with him; in his right hand he went grasping it; he went dancing; with the severed head he went making dance gestures. He went before them; he went leading all the impersonators, the representatives of the devils. They circled the temple; then they descended in the same way [as they had ascended]. They came ranged in a row; they came in line. And when they had come to descend to the ground, thereupon they each went, they dispersed; they went, each, to their homes, to their several *calpulcos*, where [the gods&#8217; raiment] was guarded. \n\nAnd the impersonator, the likeness of Ilama tecutli, thus danced: he kept stepping back; he raised his legs up behind him; and he kept supporting himself upon his staff, a cane.\n\nAt its end, at its head, it was divided into three [points], like a three-pronged harpoon. It was called his thorny staff. And when he thus danced, it was said:","html":"<p>devils went laying hold of her, went accompanying her; they went in file. Yet another impersonator of [Ilama tecutli] went leading them, one whom verily they thought a god[dess] on earth; it was only a man whom they [so] adorned.</p>\n<p>And when they had taken her [to the summit], then they cut open her breast. And when she died, then they severed her head. And her head they gave to him who went leading. He took it with him; in his right hand he went grasping it; he went dancing; with the severed head he went making dance gestures. He went before them; he went leading all the impersonators, the representatives of the devils. They circled the temple; then they descended in the same way [as they had ascended]. They came ranged in a row; they came in line. And when they had come to descend to the ground, thereupon they each went, they dispersed; they went, each, to their homes, to their several <em>calpulcos</em>, where [the gods’ raiment] was guarded.</p>\n<p>And the impersonator, the likeness of Ilama tecutli, thus danced: he kept stepping back; he raised his legs up behind him; and he kept supporting himself upon his staff, a cane.</p>\n<p>At its end, at its head, it was divided into three [points], like a three-pronged harpoon. It was called his thorny staff. And when he thus danced, it was said:</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"94r"}