{"id":"674305cb-7f4c-4d52-b564-ded61c687b48","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/folio/36r/","folio":"36r","book":"3"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/folio/35v/","folio":"35v","book":"3"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/folio/36v/","folio":"36v","book":"3"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0b3d346f-9c62-4082-be8e-2acf3533b53d/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0b3d346f-9c62-4082-be8e-2acf3533b53d/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0b3d346f-9c62-4082-be8e-2acf3533b53d/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0b3d346f-9c62-4082-be8e-2acf3533b53d/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0b3d346f-9c62-4082-be8e-2acf3533b53d/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0b3d346f-9c62-4082-be8e-2acf3533b53d/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0b3d346f-9c62-4082-be8e-2acf3533b53d/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/1_237r.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/0b3d346f-9c62-4082-be8e-2acf3533b53d/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_1_3.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/87d4e67a-b947-4991-a1e4-e074d2cf2ff6/","canvas_label":{"en":["36r"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","book_title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses.","book_number":"3","total_folios":84,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"f933eab4-291b-4432-ad33-34c4e07aeac7","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"[limpi]ar la casa de nuestro señor. Por tanto, humildemente rogamos que le recibáis y toméis por hijo para entrar y vivir con los otros ministros de nuestros dioses en aquella casa donde hacen todos los exercicios de penitencia, de día y noche, andando de rodillas y de codos, orando, rogando y llorando y sospirando ante nuestro señor.\"\n\nY los sacerdotes y ministros de los ídolos respondían a los padres del muchacho desta manera: \"Aquí oímos vuestra plática, aunque somos indignos de oírla, sobre que deseáis que vuestro amado hijo o vuestra piedra preciosa o pluma rica entre y viva en la casa de _calmécac_. No somos nosotros a quien se hace esta plática; mas hácese al señor Quetzalcóatl, o otro nombre Tlilpotonqui, en cuya persona la oímos. Él es a quien habláis. Él sabe lo que tiene por bien de hacer de vuestra piedra preciosa y pluma rica, y de vosotros sus padres. Nosotros, indignos siervos, con dudosa esperanza esperamos","html":"<p>[limpi]ar la casa de nuestro señor. Por tanto, humildemente rogamos que le recibáis y toméis por hijo para entrar y vivir con los otros ministros de nuestros dioses en aquella casa donde hacen todos los exercicios de penitencia, de día y noche, andando de rodillas y de codos, orando, rogando y llorando y sospirando ante nuestro señor.&quot;</p>\n<p>Y los sacerdotes y ministros de los ídolos respondían a los padres del muchacho desta manera: &quot;Aquí oímos vuestra plática, aunque somos indignos de oírla, sobre que deseáis que vuestro amado hijo o vuestra piedra preciosa o pluma rica entre y viva en la casa de <em>calmécac</em>. No somos nosotros a quien se hace esta plática; mas hácese al señor Quetzalcóatl, o otro nombre Tlilpotonqui, en cuya persona la oímos. Él es a quien habláis. Él sabe lo que tiene por bien de hacer de vuestra piedra preciosa y pluma rica, y de vosotros sus padres. Nosotros, indignos siervos, con dudosa esperanza esperamos</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"3dae3ba1-60fc-4640-9484-2b46596585e3","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"our lord’s house. Therefore, we humbly beseech you to receive and take him as your own son, so that he may enter and dwell with the other ministers of our gods in that house where they perform all the penitential exercises, day and night, crawling around on their knees and elbows, praying, imploring, crying, and sighing before our lord.” \n\nAnd the priests and ministers of the idols would reply to the boy’s parents in this way: “We are here, listening to your speech—even though we are unworthy to hear it—about your wish for your beloved son—or your precious stone or your valuable feather—to enter and live in the _calmecac_ house. It is not for us that this speech of yours is being made, but it is made instead for lord Quetzalcoatl, or Tlilpotonqui, by another name, in whose name we hear it. It is he whom you are addressing. He knows what he considers best to do with your precious stone and valuable feather, and with you, his [your son’s] parents. As for us, unworthy servants, it is with uncertain hope that we wait","html":"<p>our lord’s house. Therefore, we humbly beseech you to receive and take him as your own son, so that he may enter and dwell with the other ministers of our gods in that house where they perform all the penitential exercises, day and night, crawling around on their knees and elbows, praying, imploring, crying, and sighing before our lord.”</p>\n<p>And the priests and ministers of the idols would reply to the boy’s parents in this way: “We are here, listening to your speech—even though we are unworthy to hear it—about your wish for your beloved son—or your precious stone or your valuable feather—to enter and live in the <em>calmecac</em> house. It is not for us that this speech of yours is being made, but it is made instead for lord Quetzalcoatl, or Tlilpotonqui, by another name, in whose name we hear it. It is he whom you are addressing. He knows what he considers best to do with your precious stone and valuable feather, and with you, his [your son’s] parents. As for us, unworthy servants, it is with uncertain hope that we wait</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"160cf972-a7e0-46bd-8f8a-3c7d2b4a4a38","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[jxa]iotica in elciciuiliztica: auh in vncan motetlamamaquilia, in vncan motepepenilia in iehoatzin, ca vmpa toconitoa in ichantzinco, in vncã pitzalo, mamalioa in izcaltilo ī totecujooa, in tepilhoan, in vncan ochpanoaztli, tlacuicuiliztli, chico tlanaoac, tlatequiliztli qujmochivililiz in totecujo: \n\namocuexantzinco, amoteputzinco, amomamalhoaztzinco, tocontlalia, manoço tlacaoa in amoiollotzin, ca tamechtoconemaquilia, ma tlacaoa yn amoiollotzin ma xiqualmanilican, ma quimontoca, ma quimonnelo, in izcaltilo, in oapaoalo, in tlamaceoa in ceioal, cemilhujtl, in jmolicpitzin, in jntetepontzin ic tlacçatimj in qujmonochilia, in qujmotzatzililia in totecujo, in choca, in tlaocuia, in elcicivi; \n\nca ixquijch y, anquimocujlia, anquimocaqujtia tlamacazquehe. \n\nJzcatquj, injc tlananquiliaia, ynjc quicuepaia tlatolli in tlamacazque.","html":"<p>[jxa]iotica in elciciuiliztica: auh in vncan motetlamamaquilia, in vncan motepepenilia in iehoatzin, ca vmpa toconitoa in ichantzinco, in vncã pitzalo, mamalioa in izcaltilo ī totecujooa, in tepilhoan, in vncan ochpanoaztli, tlacuicuiliztli, chico tlanaoac, tlatequiliztli qujmochivililiz in totecujo:</p>\n<p>amocuexantzinco, amoteputzinco, amomamalhoaztzinco, tocontlalia, manoço tlacaoa in amoiollotzin, ca tamechtoconemaquilia, ma tlacaoa yn amoiollotzin ma xiqualmanilican, ma quimontoca, ma quimonnelo, in izcaltilo, in oapaoalo, in tlamaceoa in ceioal, cemilhujtl, in jmolicpitzin, in jntetepontzin ic tlacçatimj in qujmonochilia, in qujmotzatzililia in totecujo, in choca, in tlaocuia, in elcicivi;</p>\n<p>ca ixquijch y, anquimocujlia, anquimocaqujtia tlamacazquehe.</p>\n<p>Jzcatquj, injc tlananquiliaia, ynjc quicuepaia tlatolli in tlamacazque.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"6c894e47-2565-4d28-9847-1d95e01b0113","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"with tears, with sighs. And there he giveth one gifts, there he selecteth one, for there we speak in his house. There are forged, are perforated our lords, the children [of lords], there where our lord will bring about the sweeping, the gathering of rubbish at one side or the other, the arranging of things.[^5]\n\n&#8220;In your laps, on your backs, in the cradle of your arms we place him. May your hearts be inclined, for we give you our child. May your hearts be inclined: grant him gifts. May he follow, may he struggle when he is instructed, when he is educated, when he doth penances all night, all day on elbow, on knee, so that he hasteneth[^6] while he calleth to, while he crieth out to our lord; while he weepeth, sorroweth, sigheth.\n\n&#8220;Enough. You have grasped it, you have heard it, O priests.&#8221;\n\nHere is how the priests answered, how they returned the word.\n\n\n\n\n[^5]: Mention of the protection of the god and the priests, and of expected rewards, is probably a reference to the fact that from the *calmecac* came the priesthood and high military, administrative, and judiciary officials (*ibid*., p. 29). Durán, *Historia*, Vol. II, pp. 124 *sq*., writes: &#8220;*La segunda manera de lebantarse los honbres era por la yglessia allegandose al saçerdoçio de donde despues de hauer seruido en los tenplos con gran exenplo y penitençia y recoximiento ya biejos ancianos los sacauan a dignidades y cargos honrrossos en las republicas que oy en dia turan entre ellos dandoles unos ditados y nombres que hablando en nuestra manera y segun el respeto y reuerencia se les haçia y oy en dia se les haçe es como deçir condes duques o marqueses obispos o arzobispos et. pues con ellos se çelebrauan las cortes y se tomauan los pareceres y conçejos se juntauan a los cauildos y juntas. Los reyes sin el consejo y pareçer destos no ossauan haçer cossa casi al mesmo modo que los consejos que su magestad tiene para descargo de su real conçiençia asi a la mesma manera eran estos puestos en aquellas dignidades despues de largas penitencias y trauajos y bida y exemplo a los quales quando les dauan estas dignidades y renonbres haçian muchas çerimonias cortandoles aquel largo cauello lauandoles la tizne con que sienpre andauan embixados de suerte que podemos dalle el nonbre de dotoramiento pues con aquellas cerimonias cobrauan grandes prebilexios y autoridad de caualleros haciendo gran fiesta y banquete y oy en dia se hace al uso antiguo lo qual puedo afirmar como testigo de bista pues me he hallado en mas de quatro grados destos y para que los que saben y entienden el frasis destos quiero declarar los ditados quales son conbiene a sauer tlacatecutly mexicaltecutly tlacochcalcatltecutly tecpannecatl huitztoncatecutly ahuiztlato eçetera*.&#8221;\n\n\n[^6]: *tlacçatimj*: read *tlacçatinemi*.","html":"<p>with tears, with sighs. And there he giveth one gifts, there he selecteth one, for there we speak in his house. There are forged, are perforated our lords, the children [of lords], there where our lord will bring about the sweeping, the gathering of rubbish at one side or the other, the arranging of things.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup></p>\n<p>“In your laps, on your backs, in the cradle of your arms we place him. May your hearts be inclined, for we give you our child. May your hearts be inclined: grant him gifts. May he follow, may he struggle when he is instructed, when he is educated, when he doth penances all night, all day on elbow, on knee, so that he hasteneth<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> while he calleth to, while he crieth out to our lord; while he weepeth, sorroweth, sigheth.</p>\n<p>“Enough. You have grasped it, you have heard it, O priests.”</p>\n<p>Here is how the priests answered, how they returned the word.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Mention of the protection of the god and the priests, and of expected rewards, is probably a reference to the fact that from the <em>calmecac</em> came the priesthood and high military, administrative, and judiciary officials (<em>ibid</em>., p. 29). Durán, <em>Historia</em>, Vol. II, pp. 124 <em>sq</em>., writes: “<em>La segunda manera de lebantarse los honbres era por la yglessia allegandose al saçerdoçio de donde despues de hauer seruido en los tenplos con gran exenplo y penitençia y recoximiento ya biejos ancianos los sacauan a dignidades y cargos honrrossos en las republicas que oy en dia turan entre ellos dandoles unos ditados y nombres que hablando en nuestra manera y segun el respeto y reuerencia se les haçia y oy en dia se les haçe es como deçir condes duques o marqueses obispos o arzobispos et. pues con ellos se çelebrauan las cortes y se tomauan los pareceres y conçejos se juntauan a los cauildos y juntas. Los reyes sin el consejo y pareçer destos no ossauan haçer cossa casi al mesmo modo que los consejos que su magestad tiene para descargo de su real conçiençia asi a la mesma manera eran estos puestos en aquellas dignidades despues de largas penitencias y trauajos y bida y exemplo a los quales quando les dauan estas dignidades y renonbres haçian muchas çerimonias cortandoles aquel largo cauello lauandoles la tizne con que sienpre andauan embixados de suerte que podemos dalle el nonbre de dotoramiento pues con aquellas cerimonias cobrauan grandes prebilexios y autoridad de caualleros haciendo gran fiesta y banquete y oy en dia se hace al uso antiguo lo qual puedo afirmar como testigo de bista pues me he hallado en mas de quatro grados destos y para que los que saben y entienden el frasis destos quiero declarar los ditados quales son conbiene a sauer tlacatecutly mexicaltecutly tlacochcalcatltecutly tecpannecatl huitztoncatecutly ahuiztlato eçetera</em>.”<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>tlacçatimj</em>: read <em>tlacçatinemi</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"36r"}