Cosa muy sabida es que los astrólogos llamados genethliaci tienen solicitud en saber la hora y punto del nacimiento de cada persona, lo cual sabido adivinan y pronostican las inclinaciones naturales de los hombres por la consideración del signo en que nacen y del estado y aspecto que entonce tenían los planetas entre sí y en respecto del signo. Estos astrólogos o adivinos fundan su adivinanza en la influencia de las constelaciones y planetas, y por esta causa tolérase su adivinanza y permítese en los reportorios que el vulgo usa, con tal condición que nadie piense que la influencia de la constelación hace más que inclinar a la sensualidad, y que ningún poder tiene sobre el libre albedrío. Estos naturales de toda Nueva España tuvieron y tienen gran solicitud en saber el día y hora del nacimiento de cada persona para adivinar las condiciones, vida y muerte de los que nacían. Los que tenían este oficio se llamaban tonalpouhque, a los cuales acudían como a profetas cualquier que le nacía hijo, hija, para informarse de sus condiciones, vida y muerte. Estos adivinos no se regían por los signos ni planetas del cielo, sino por una instrucción que según ellos dicen se la dexó Quetzalcóatl, la cual contiene veinte caracteres multiplicados trece veces, por el modo que en el presente libro se contiene. Esta manera de adivinanza en ninguna manera puede ser lícita, porque ni se funda en la influencia de las estrellas, ni en cosa ninguna natural, ni su círculo es conforme al círculo del año, porque no contiene más de doscientos y sesenta días, los cuales acabados tornan al principio. Este artificio de contar o es arte de nigromanticia o pacto y fábrica del Demonio, lo cual con toda diligencia se debe desarraigar.
\nTienes en el presente volumen, amigo lector, todas las fiestas movibles del año, por su orden, y las cerimonias, sacrificios y regocijos y supersticiones que en ellas se hacían, donde se podrá tomar indicio y aviso para conocer si agora se hacen del todo o en parte, aunque por no saber el tiempo en que se hacen, por ser movibles, será dificultuoso de caer en ellas. Tienes también mucha copia de lenguaje tocante a esta materia, entre ellos bien trillada, y a nosotros bien oculta. Hay ocasión en esta materia de conjecturar la habilidad desta gente, porque se contiene en ella cosas bien delicadas, como en la tabla que está al fin del libro se parece.
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"81128f59-bf7e-4180-bfa6-5ba4ff5b3d23","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"## Prologue\n\nIt is very well known that the astrologers called _genethliaci_ are interested in knowing the hour and moment of each person’s birth, and once they know it, they divine and predict men’s natural inclinations by studying the sign under which they are born and the state and appearance that the planets had, at that point, among themselves and with respect to the sign. These astrologers or fortune-tellers base their divination on the influence of the constellations and planets, and because of this, their divination is tolerated and allowed in the lists that the common people use, under the condition that nobody should think that a constellation’s influence does anything else but incline [one] toward sensuality and that it does not have any power over free will. These natives of all New Spain had and still have great interest in knowing the day and hour of each person’s birth in order to divine the qualities, life, and death of those who were born. Those who had this occupation were called _tonalpouhqueh_, and they [the native people] would approach them [the fortune-tellers] as if prophets any time a son or daughter was born to them, in order to inform themselves about their qualities, life, and death. These fortune-tellers were ruled not by the signs or the planets of the sky but by a teaching that, according to them, Quetzalcoatl left to them, which contains twenty characters multiplied thirteen times, according to the manner contained in this present book. This type of divination cannot in any way be legitimate because it is founded neither on the influence of the stars nor on any natural thing; nor does its cycle conform to the year’s cycle, because it does not contain more than two hundred sixty days, which go back to the beginning as soon as they end. This counting method is either a necromantic art or a pact and ruse of the devil, so it must be uprooted with all due diligence.\n\n## To the sincere reader\n\nIn the present volume, dear reader, you have all the year’s movable feasts, in order, and the ceremonies, sacrifices, festivities, and superstitions that were enacted during their course. From here it will be possible to take clues and warnings so as to find out whether these are still wholly or partly performed, although without knowing the time when they are enacted—since they are movable—it will be difficult to hit upon them. You also have a great deal of the language that pertains to this subject, which is as familiar to them as it is obscure to us. This subject matter presents an opportunity to conjecture about the ability of these people, for quite delicate things are contained here, such as appears in the table that is at the end of the book.","html":"It is very well known that the astrologers called genethliaci are interested in knowing the hour and moment of each person’s birth, and once they know it, they divine and predict men’s natural inclinations by studying the sign under which they are born and the state and appearance that the planets had, at that point, among themselves and with respect to the sign. These astrologers or fortune-tellers base their divination on the influence of the constellations and planets, and because of this, their divination is tolerated and allowed in the lists that the common people use, under the condition that nobody should think that a constellation’s influence does anything else but incline [one] toward sensuality and that it does not have any power over free will. These natives of all New Spain had and still have great interest in knowing the day and hour of each person’s birth in order to divine the qualities, life, and death of those who were born. Those who had this occupation were called tonalpouhqueh, and they [the native people] would approach them [the fortune-tellers] as if prophets any time a son or daughter was born to them, in order to inform themselves about their qualities, life, and death. These fortune-tellers were ruled not by the signs or the planets of the sky but by a teaching that, according to them, Quetzalcoatl left to them, which contains twenty characters multiplied thirteen times, according to the manner contained in this present book. This type of divination cannot in any way be legitimate because it is founded neither on the influence of the stars nor on any natural thing; nor does its cycle conform to the year’s cycle, because it does not contain more than two hundred sixty days, which go back to the beginning as soon as they end. This counting method is either a necromantic art or a pact and ruse of the devil, so it must be uprooted with all due diligence.
\nIn the present volume, dear reader, you have all the year’s movable feasts, in order, and the ceremonies, sacrifices, festivities, and superstitions that were enacted during their course. From here it will be possible to take clues and warnings so as to find out whether these are still wholly or partly performed, although without knowing the time when they are enacted—since they are movable—it will be difficult to hit upon them. You also have a great deal of the language that pertains to this subject, which is as familiar to them as it is obscure to us. This subject matter presents an opportunity to conjecture about the ability of these people, for quite delicate things are contained here, such as appears in the table that is at the end of the book.
\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}},{"id":"79a9d8ad-f9f6-49e6-a28e-de148bd00697","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"## Prologue\n\nIt is well known that the astrologers called genethliacs are careful to know the hour and instant of birth of each person. Such being known, they foretell and prognosticate the natural inclinations of men through a consideration of the sign in which they are born and the position and aspect that the planets then have one with another and with respect to the sign. These astrologers or soothsayers base their prophecies on the influence of the constellations and planets. And for this reason their prophecies are tolerated and permitted in the almanacs which the common people utilize, provided that no one thinks that the influence of the constellations does more than incline one to sensuality and that it has no power over the free will. These natives of all New Spain took and take great care to know the day and hour of birth of every person to foretell the attributes, the life and death of those who were born. Those who held this office were called _tonalpouhque_; to them went, as to prophets, anyone who had given birth to a boy, to a girl, to be informed of their\nattributes, life and death. These soothsayers were not governed by the signs nor the planets of the heavens but by a formula which, as they say, Quetzalcoatl left to them, which contains twenty characters repeated thirteen times in the manner contained in the present Book. This manner of soothsaying can in no way be valid, because it is based neither on the influence of the stars, nor on any natural thing. Neither is its cycle in accordance with the year cycle, as it contains only two hundred and sixty days; which, ended, begin again. This trick of reckoning is either a necromantic craft or a pact and invention of the devil which should be uprooted with all diligence. \n\n## To the sincere reader\n\nYou have in the present volume, friend reader, all the movable feasts of the year in their order and the ceremonies, sacrifices, festivities and superstitions which were observed in them, where it will be possible to detect and to take warning, to know if they are now practiced in their entirety or in part, although, from not knowing the time when they are held, since they are movable, it will be difficult to hit upon them. You also have a great abundance of terms dealing with this subject, very familiar to them and very occult to us. There is an opportunity in this material to judge the capacity of this people, for there are contained in it very refined things, as in the table which appears at the end of the Book.[^1]\n\n\n\n[^1]: See Figs. 102, 103, and 104 in the _Florentine Codex_, Book IV.","html":"It is well known that the astrologers called genethliacs are careful to know the hour and instant of birth of each person. Such being known, they foretell and prognosticate the natural inclinations of men through a consideration of the sign in which they are born and the position and aspect that the planets then have one with another and with respect to the sign. These astrologers or soothsayers base their prophecies on the influence of the constellations and planets. And for this reason their prophecies are tolerated and permitted in the almanacs which the common people utilize, provided that no one thinks that the influence of the constellations does more than incline one to sensuality and that it has no power over the free will. These natives of all New Spain took and take great care to know the day and hour of birth of every person to foretell the attributes, the life and death of those who were born. Those who held this office were called tonalpouhque; to them went, as to prophets, anyone who had given birth to a boy, to a girl, to be informed of their\nattributes, life and death. These soothsayers were not governed by the signs nor the planets of the heavens but by a formula which, as they say, Quetzalcoatl left to them, which contains twenty characters repeated thirteen times in the manner contained in the present Book. This manner of soothsaying can in no way be valid, because it is based neither on the influence of the stars, nor on any natural thing. Neither is its cycle in accordance with the year cycle, as it contains only two hundred and sixty days; which, ended, begin again. This trick of reckoning is either a necromantic craft or a pact and invention of the devil which should be uprooted with all diligence.
\nYou have in the present volume, friend reader, all the movable feasts of the year in their order and the ceremonies, sacrifices, festivities and superstitions which were observed in them, where it will be possible to detect and to take warning, to know if they are now practiced in their entirety or in part, although, from not knowing the time when they are held, since they are movable, it will be difficult to hit upon them. You also have a great abundance of terms dealing with this subject, very familiar to them and very occult to us. There is an opportunity in this material to judge the capacity of this people, for there are contained in it very refined things, as in the table which appears at the end of the Book.1
\nSee Figs. 102, 103, and 104 in the Florentine Codex, Book IV.↩
Cosa muy sabida, es: que los astrologos, llamados Genethliaci: tienen solicitud, en saber la hora, y punto del nacimjento de cada persona: lo qual sabido, adiujnan, y pronostican, las inclinaciones naturales de los hombres: por la consideracion del signo, en que nacen, y del estado, y aspecto: que entonce tenjan las planetas entre si, y en respecto del signo. Estos astrologos, o adiujnos: fundan su adiujnança, en la influencia de las constelaciones y planetas: y por esta causa tolerase su adiujnança, y permjtese en los reportorios, que el vulgo vsa: con tal condicion, que nadie piense, que la influencia de la constelacion, haze mas, que inclinar a la sensualidad, y que njngun poder tiene, sobre el libre aluedrio. Estos naturales, de toda nueua españa: tuujeron, y tienen gran solicitud en saber el dia, y hora, del nacimjento de cada persona: para adiujnar las condiciones, vida, y muerte de los que nacian: los que tenjan este oficio, se llamauan tonalpouhque: a los quales acudian como a prophetas, qualqujer que le nacia hijo, hija: para informarse de sus condiciones, vida, y muerte. Estos adiujnos, no se regian: por los signos, nj planetas del cielo: sino por vna instruccion, que segun ellos dizen: se la dexo quetzalcovatl: la qual contiene veynte caracteres, multiplicados treze vezes: por el modo, que en el presente libro se contiene. Esta manera de adiujnança: en njnguna manera, puede ser licita: porque nj se funda en la influencia de las estrellas, nj en cosa njnguna natural, nj su circulo: es conforme al circulo del año: porque no contiene, mas de dozientos, y sesenta dias: los quales acabados, tornan al principio. Este artificio de contar, o es arte de njgromantica, o pacto, y fabrica del demonjo: lo qual, con toda diligencia, se deue desarraygar.
\nTienes en el presente volumen: amjgo lector, todas las fiestas moujbles, del año, por su orden: y las cerimonjas, sacrificios, y regozijos, y supersticiones: que en ellas se hazian: donde se podra tomar indicio, y aujso: para conocer, si agora se hazen del todo, o en parte: aunque por no saber el tiempo, en que se hazen, por ser moujbles: sera dificultuoso, de caer en ellas. Tienes tambien mucha copia de lenguaje: tocante a esta materia: entre ellos bien trillada, y a nosotros bien occulta. Ay occasion en esta materia, de conjecturar la abilidad desta gente: porq̃ se contiene en ella, cosas bien delicadas: como en la tabla, que esta al fin del libro se parece.
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"iv"}