Los de México o los desta Nueva España, en su infidelidad, solían contar los años por cierta rueda con cuatro señales o figuras, conforme a las cuatro partes del mundo, de manera que cada año se contaba con la figura que era de cada una de las dichas cuatro partes. Los nombres que tuvieron puestos a las cuatro partes del mundo son éstos: huitzlampa, que es el mediodía o austro; tlapcopcopa,1 que es el oriente, mictlampa, que es el septentrión; cihuatlampa, que es el occidente o poniente. Los nombres de las figuras dedicadas a las cuatro partes son éstos: tochtli, que es "conejo" y era dedicado a huitztlampa, que es mediodía o austro; ácatl, que es "caña", era dedicada al oriente; técpatl, que es "pedernal", dedicada a septentrión; calli, que es "casa", dedicada al occidente o poniente.
\nAnsí que el principio de los años era la figura de conejo, desta manera: ce tochtli, "un conejo", y luego ume ácatl, ques "dos cañas", y luego ei técpatl, que es "tres pedernales", y luego nahuicalli, que es "cuatro casas"; y ansí se van multiplicando los números
\nDebe decir tlapcopa.↩
During the time of their faithlessness, the people from Mexico or from this New Spain used to count the years by means of a special wheel with four signs or figures corresponding to the four directions of the world, in such a way that each year was counted by the figure belonging to each one of these four directions. The names that they established for the four directions of the world are the following: Huitztlampa, which is the south, or austro;1 Tlapcopa,2 which is the east; Mictlampa, which is the north; Cihuatlampa, which is the west, or Occident. The names of the figures dedicated to the four directions are these: Tochtli, which means “rabbit,” was dedicated to Huitztlampa, which is the south, or austro. Acatl, which means “reed,” was dedicated to the east. Tecpatl, which means “flint,” was dedicated to the north. Calli, which means “house,” was dedicated to the west, or Occident.
\nThus, the beginning of the year [count] was the figure of the Rabbit, in this manner: Ce Tochtli, “1 Rabbit”; then Ome Acatl, which means “2 Reeds”; then Yei Tecpatl, which means “3 Flints”; and then Nahui Calli, which means “4 Houses.” And this is how the numbers
\n“The south, or austro”: el mediodía o austro. Sahagún again uses synonyms, in this case using both a more vernacular Spanish term (mediodía) and a more Latinate Spanish term (austro), which both mean “south.”↩
Tlapcopa: Tlacopcopa in LAGQ; LAGQ (2:705) points out that the word should read Tlapcopa.↩
moteneoa: uitztlampa xiuhtonalli, xiuhtlapoalli: matlacxiuitl omei tlauica, tlaotlatoctia, tlatqui, tlamama. In muchipa cecexiuhtica, vel tlaiacatia, tlaiacana, quipeoaltia, ipeuhca muchioa, quitzintia in izquitetl xiuhtonalli in acatl, in tecpatl, in calli. In iehoatl acatl, mitoa: tlapcopa tonalli, iuhquinma, q. n. tlauilcopa xiuhtonalli: ipãpa ca umpa oalneci in tlauilli, in tlanestia.
\nAuh inic ei xiuhtonalli, iehoatl in tecpatl: moteneoa mictlampa tonalli, ipampa in mjtoa mictlampa: iuh quitoaia in veuetque, quilmach in icoac micoa: vmpa itztiui, vmpa tlamelaoa, vmpa tlatotoca in mimicque. Iehica, in icoac aquin miquia, in oconchichiuhque, in oconquiquimiloque, in oconiilpique: vmpa quitlachialtiaia, vmpa quitztiltitimotlaliaia.
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"98506b46-6e09-4558-b637-38760cfdf9ff","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"#### the year sign.\n\n##### One Rabbit\n\nIt is said [that this was] the year sign and year counter of the south. For thirteen years it carried, set on its path, took with it, and bore the burden [of the years]. Always, during each [of the thirteen] years, it was the first, the one which led, began, became the start, and introduced as many year signs as there were: Reed, Flint, and House. Of the one [known as] Reed, it was said [that it was] as it were the sign of the east; that is, the year sign of the sun. For from there issued the light which shone forth.\n\nAnd the third year sign, the one [known as] Flint, was called the sign of the north. For [the north] was said to be toward the land of the dead. Thus have the old people spoken: it is said that when one died, to that place set out, went straightway, and proceeded the dead. Therefore, when someone died—when [the sextons] adorned him, when they wrapped him in his mantle and bound him [in wrappings]—they made him look toward and seated him looking to that place.","html":"It is said [that this was] the year sign and year counter of the south. For thirteen years it carried, set on its path, took with it, and bore the burden [of the years]. Always, during each [of the thirteen] years, it was the first, the one which led, began, became the start, and introduced as many year signs as there were: Reed, Flint, and House. Of the one [known as] Reed, it was said [that it was] as it were the sign of the east; that is, the year sign of the sun. For from there issued the light which shone forth.
\nAnd the third year sign, the one [known as] Flint, was called the sign of the north. For [the north] was said to be toward the land of the dead. Thus have the old people spoken: it is said that when one died, to that place set out, went straightway, and proceeded the dead. Therefore, when someone died—when [the sextons] adorned him, when they wrapped him in his mantle and bound him [in wrappings]—they made him look toward and seated him looking to that place.
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"14r"}