Y esta cerimonia se hacía de cincuenta en cincuenta y dos años. Es, a saber, después que cada una de las cuatro señales había regido trece veces a los años. Se decía aquella fiesta toximmolpía; quiere decir "átanse nuestros años", y porque era principio de otros cincuenta y dos años. Decían también xiuhtzitzquilo; quiere decir "se toma el año nuevo". Y en señal desto, cada uno tocaba a las yerbas para dar a entender que ya se comenzaba la cuenta de otros cincuenta y dos años, para que se cumplan ciento y cuatro años que hacían un siglo.
\nAnsí que entonces sacaban también nueva lumbre. Y cuando ya se acercaba el día señalado para sacar nueva lumbre, cada vecino de México solía echar o arrojar en el agua o en las acequias o lagunas las piedras o palos que tenía por dioses de su casa, y también las piedras que sirvían en los hogares para cocer comida y conque molían axíes o chiles.
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"424e4267-0d26-4b49-8d45-df590bd4cfc9","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"And this ceremony would be performed every fifty to fifty-two years, that is, after each one of the four signs had ruled the years thirteen times. That festival was called Toximmolpilia, which means, “Our years are tied,” because it marked the beginning of another fifty-two years. They also called it Xiuhtzitzquilo, which means, “The new year is being held.” And as a sign of this, each person would touch herbs[^38] to make it known that the count of the next fifty-two years was already beginning, so that the one hundred four years that made up one century would be completed.[^39]\nTherefore, they would also light a new fire at that time. And as the appointed day to light a new fire drew near, each inhabitant of Mexico used to throw or toss in the water (either in the canals or in the lagoons) the stone or wooden [figures] that this person had been keeping as his or her household gods, as well as the stones that are used on the hearths to cook food and which they use to grind hot peppers or chiles.[^40] \n\n\n[^38]: “Each . . . herbs”: _cada uno tocaba a las yerbas_. The verb in Nahuatl that describes this action is _conquitzquiayah_ (They took hold of them).\n\n[^39]: The original Nahuatl takes for granted that two cycles of fifty-two years had to proceed in order to complete what Sahagún terms “one century,” hence the confusing sentence in the Spanish translation. The complete cycle of one hundred four years is called “one old age” (_cen huehuetiliztli_) in the Nahuatl text.\n\n[^40]: “Hot peppers or chiles”: _axíes o chiles_. Sahagún here uses two Hispanicized forms for the Taino and Nahuatl words for “chile pepper.”","html":"And this ceremony would be performed every fifty to fifty-two years, that is, after each one of the four signs had ruled the years thirteen times. That festival was called Toximmolpilia, which means, “Our years are tied,” because it marked the beginning of another fifty-two years. They also called it Xiuhtzitzquilo, which means, “The new year is being held.” And as a sign of this, each person would touch herbs1 to make it known that the count of the next fifty-two years was already beginning, so that the one hundred four years that made up one century would be completed.2\nTherefore, they would also light a new fire at that time. And as the appointed day to light a new fire drew near, each inhabitant of Mexico used to throw or toss in the water (either in the canals or in the lagoons) the stone or wooden [figures] that this person had been keeping as his or her household gods, as well as the stones that are used on the hearths to cook food and which they use to grind hot peppers or chiles.3
\n“Each . . . herbs”: cada uno tocaba a las yerbas. The verb in Nahuatl that describes this action is conquitzquiayah (They took hold of them).↩
The original Nahuatl takes for granted that two cycles of fifty-two years had to proceed in order to complete what Sahagún terms “one century,” hence the confusing sentence in the Spanish translation. The complete cycle of one hundred four years is called “one old age” (cen huehuetiliztli) in the Nahuatl text.↩
“Hot peppers or chiles”: axíes o chiles. Sahagún here uses two Hispanicized forms for the Taino and Nahuatl words for “chile pepper.”↩
otlaiaoalo nauhcampa matlacxiuitl omeey, in iuh omoteneuh: ic mitoa, vncan molpia, molpilia in toxiuh, oc ceppa iancuican vncan xiuhtzitzquilo: inic monezcaiotiaia, in xiuitl isoatoc, muchi tlacatl cõquitzquiaia, inic oc ceppa ie õpeoa, oc no izqui xiuitl 52 años, inic acitiuh macuilpoalxiuitl ipan nauhxiuitl: mitoa cen ueuetiliztli, in oppa tlaiaoaloa, in oppa monamiqui imolpilican xiuitl.
\nIzcatqui in muchioaia, icoac molpilia xiuitl: in icoac oaxioac, in vncã uetziz tlequauitl, in ie itlapoalpan: achto vel nouiian cêceuia in tletl in cematonaoac, yoan in isquich pieloia techachã, in neteutiloia tequacuilti, in aço quauitl, anoço tetl tlaxintli, muchi atlan onmotepeoaia: No iehoatl in texolotl, in tenamaztli, yoan nouiian tlâtlachpanoia, tlatetzcalolo, tlanaoac tlauico, aoc[tle]
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"d77d2b95-c39b-4fef-90df-9b0868ef4495","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"the thirteen-year [cycles] had four times made a circle,[^15] as hath been made known. Hence was it said that then were tied and bound our years, and that once again the years were newly laid hold of. When it was evident that the years lay ready to burst into life, everyone took hold of them, so that once more would start forth—once again—another [period of] fifty-two years. Then [the two cycles] might proceed to reach one hundred and four years. It was called “One Old Age” when twice they had made the round, when twice the times of binding the years had come together.\n\nBehold what was done when the years were bound—when was reached the time when they were to draw the new fire,[^16] when now its count was accomplished. First they put out fires everywhere in the country round. And the statues, hewn in either wood or stone, kept in each man’s home and regarded as gods, were all cast into the water. Also [were] these [cast away]—the pestles and the [three] hearth stones [upon which the cooking pots rested]; and everywhere there was much sweeping—there was sweeping very clean. Rubbish was thrown out; \n\n\n\n\n[^15]: See Plate 20.\n\n\n[^16]: *uetziz tlequauitl:* literally, “the fire stick will fall.” The obvious meaning and the grammatical structure are not in agreement and we have adopted the obvious meaning in our translations of the phrase.","html":"the thirteen-year [cycles] had four times made a circle,1 as hath been made known. Hence was it said that then were tied and bound our years, and that once again the years were newly laid hold of. When it was evident that the years lay ready to burst into life, everyone took hold of them, so that once more would start forth—once again—another [period of] fifty-two years. Then [the two cycles] might proceed to reach one hundred and four years. It was called “One Old Age” when twice they had made the round, when twice the times of binding the years had come together.
\nBehold what was done when the years were bound—when was reached the time when they were to draw the new fire,2 when now its count was accomplished. First they put out fires everywhere in the country round. And the statues, hewn in either wood or stone, kept in each man’s home and regarded as gods, were all cast into the water. Also [were] these [cast away]—the pestles and the [three] hearth stones [upon which the cooking pots rested]; and everywhere there was much sweeping—there was sweeping very clean. Rubbish was thrown out;
\n