[por]que no naciese monstro.
\nLos de Xaltoca tenían por dios a la Luna y le hacían particulares ofrendas y sacrificios.
\nHacía esta gente particular reverencia y particulares sacrificios a los Mastelejos del cielo que andan cerca de las Cabrillas, que es el signo del Toro. Hacían estos sacrificios y cerimonias cuando nuevamente parecían por el oriente, después de la fiesta del Sol. Después de haber ofrecídole encienso, decían: "Ya salido Yoaltecuhtli y Yacahuiztli. ¿Qué acontecerá esta noche? o ¿Qué fin habrá la noche, próspero o adverso?" Tres veces ofrecían encienso, y debe ser porque ellas son tres estrellas: la una vez a prima noche, la otra vez a hora de las tres; la tercera cuando comienza a amanecer.
\nLlaman a estas estre[llas]
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"f391e295-7279-42e9-b409-258b96264f33","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"they would not be born a monster.\n\nThe people from Xaltocan considered the moon as their god, and they would make special offerings and sacrifices to it.\n\n#### Third chapter: On the stars called Mastelejos[^21]\n\nThese people had special reverence and would make special sacrifices to the Mastelejos of the sky, which lie near the Cabrillas, which are in the sign of the Bull.[^22] They would perform these sacrifices and ceremonies when [the stars] appeared anew in the east, after the festival of the sun. After offering incense to them, they would say, “Yoaltecuhtli and Yacahuitztli have already come out.[^23] What will happen tonight? Or what fate will the night bring: prosperous or adverse?” They would offer incense three times, and this must happen because there are three stars: the first time at the first hour of the night,[^24] the next time at the third hour, and the third time at daybreak.\n\n\n[^21]: The name Mastelejos (small masts) denotes the two central stars, Castor and Pollux, of the Gemini constellation; however, this nomenclature is unusual. The stars were more often known in early modern Spanish astronomy as Astillejos (little splinters). See Ávalos Guzmán, “La astronomía náhuatl,” 103; also _Diccionario_, 1:438. The Nahuatl name for that constellation was Mamalhuaztli (fire drill). Anderson and Dibble warn that the names that Sahagún used for the constellations may or may not correspond to the names by which they are now known. See A&D, bk. 7, 11n7.\n\n[^22]: Cabrillas (little goats) is the common Spanish name for the seven Pleiades in the constellation of Taurus.\n\n[^23]: Yoaltecuhtli (lord of the night) and Yacahuitztli (he of the pointed nose; that is, vanguard leader) are nighttime aspects of the twin deities Tezcatlipoca and Quetzalcoatl.\n\n[^24]: “The first hour of the night”: _prima noche_; that is, early evening.","html":"they would not be born a monster.
\nThe people from Xaltocan considered the moon as their god, and they would make special offerings and sacrifices to it.
\nThese people had special reverence and would make special sacrifices to the Mastelejos of the sky, which lie near the Cabrillas, which are in the sign of the Bull.2 They would perform these sacrifices and ceremonies when [the stars] appeared anew in the east, after the festival of the sun. After offering incense to them, they would say, “Yoaltecuhtli and Yacahuitztli have already come out.3 What will happen tonight? Or what fate will the night bring: prosperous or adverse?” They would offer incense three times, and this must happen because there are three stars: the first time at the first hour of the night,4 the next time at the third hour, and the third time at daybreak.
\nThe name Mastelejos (small masts) denotes the two central stars, Castor and Pollux, of the Gemini constellation; however, this nomenclature is unusual. The stars were more often known in early modern Spanish astronomy as Astillejos (little splinters). See Ávalos Guzmán, “La astronomía náhuatl,” 103; also Diccionario, 1:438. The Nahuatl name for that constellation was Mamalhuaztli (fire drill). Anderson and Dibble warn that the names that Sahagún used for the constellations may or may not correspond to the names by which they are now known. See A&D, bk. 7, 11n7.↩
Cabrillas (little goats) is the common Spanish name for the seven Pleiades in the constellation of Taurus.↩
Yoaltecuhtli (lord of the night) and Yacahuitztli (he of the pointed nose; that is, vanguard leader) are nighttime aspects of the twin deities Tezcatlipoca and Quetzalcoatl.↩
“The first hour of the night”: prima noche; that is, early evening.↩
[isoacaliuiz]que: in anoço atlacacemele tlacatiz, in amo tlacamelaoac.
\nInin metztli, iehoan quimoteutiaia in xaltocameca: quitlamaniliaia, quimauiztiliaia.
\nIn icoac oalneci, oalmotema: tlenamacoia, tlatotoniloia: ic mitoaia, ooaluetz in iooaltecutli, in iacauiztli: quen uetziz in iooalli, quen tlathuiz.
\nAuh in hin tlenamacoia, espa in muchioaia: icoac in tlapoiaoa, tlaquauhtlapoiaoa, yoan netetequizpan, tlatlapitzalizpa. Icoac, y, neçoaia, neuitzmanaloia: ic espa tlenamacoia, icoac in tlauizcaleoa, tlauizcalli moquetza: in tlatlalchipaoa, in ie tlathuinaoac.
\nAuh inic mitoa, mamalhoaztli, itech moneneuilia in tlequauitl: iehica, in icoac tlequauhtlaxo, ca momamali in tlequauitl: inic uetzi, inic xotla, inic mopitza tletl.
\nNo yoan, inic nematlatiloia: in[ic]
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"b1c21ec2-d2db-4a72-9bd8-e405055791c4","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"or with shrunken eyes; nor would they be born monstrous or imperfect.\n\nThis moon those of Xaltocan worshipped as a god, and they laid offerings before him and paid him honor.\n\n\n#### Third Chapter, which telleth of the stars.\n\n##### The Fire Drill[^6]\n\nWhen [these] appeared and set forth, incense was offered and burned. Thus was it said when Yoaltecutli [and] Yacauitztli had come forth: “What will the night bring? How will the day break?”\n\nAnd these were offered incense. Three times was it done: when night fell—well into the night; and when it was time to sleep—the time when the flutes were blown.[^7] When this [took place], this was the time for offering their blood and offering maguey spines stained with blood. The third time incense was offered was when it dawned, when the morning broke, when the earth was visible—when morning was near.\n\nAnd hence was it said that they resembled the fire drill: because when fire was drawn with a drill, and the drill bored, thus fell, ignited, and flared the fire.\n\nAnd also for this reason all burned [spots on] their wrists; \n\n\n\n\n[^6]: The names of various constellations and stars may or may not correspond to the names by which they are now known. In the Spanish text and in the *Memoriales con escolios*, however, Sahagún equates them with the terminology current in his times. See also Plates 1–7, 21.\n\n\n[^7]: *Tlatlapitzalizpan:* cf. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble: *Florentine Codex*, Book II, *The Ceremonies* (Santa Fe: School of American Research, Monograph No. 14, Part III, and University of Utah, 1951), p. 192; also Siméon, *op. cit*.; Angel María Garibay K: *Llave del náhuatl* (Otumba:[Imprenta Mayli, S.A.], 1940). p. 252. The ceremony called for use of flutes or trumpets, according to Siméon; of flutes, according to Garibay. Sources vary as to the exact time when these were blown.","html":"or with shrunken eyes; nor would they be born monstrous or imperfect.
\nThis moon those of Xaltocan worshipped as a god, and they laid offerings before him and paid him honor.
\nWhen [these] appeared and set forth, incense was offered and burned. Thus was it said when Yoaltecutli [and] Yacauitztli had come forth: “What will the night bring? How will the day break?”
\nAnd these were offered incense. Three times was it done: when night fell—well into the night; and when it was time to sleep—the time when the flutes were blown.2 When this [took place], this was the time for offering their blood and offering maguey spines stained with blood. The third time incense was offered was when it dawned, when the morning broke, when the earth was visible—when morning was near.
\nAnd hence was it said that they resembled the fire drill: because when fire was drawn with a drill, and the drill bored, thus fell, ignited, and flared the fire.
\nAnd also for this reason all burned [spots on] their wrists;
\nThe names of various constellations and stars may or may not correspond to the names by which they are now known. In the Spanish text and in the Memoriales con escolios, however, Sahagún equates them with the terminology current in his times. See also Plates 1–7, 21.↩
Tlatlapitzalizpan: cf. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble: Florentine Codex, Book II, The Ceremonies (Santa Fe: School of American Research, Monograph No. 14, Part III, and University of Utah, 1951), p. 192; also Siméon, op. cit.; Angel María Garibay K: Llave del náhuatl (Otumba:[Imprenta Mayli, S.A.], 1940). p. 252. The ceremony called for use of flutes or trumpets, according to Siméon; of flutes, according to Garibay. Sources vary as to the exact time when these were blown.↩