[estre]llas mamalhuaztli, y por este mismo nombre llaman a los palos con que sacan lumbre, porque les parece que tienen alguna semejanza con ellas, y que de allí les vino esta manera de sacar fuego. De aquí tomaron por costumbre de hacer unas quemaduras en la muñeca a los varones, a honra de aquellas estrellas. Decían que el que no fuese señalado de aquellas quemaduras, cuando se muriese que allá en el Infierno habían de sacar el fuego de su muñeca, barrenándola como cuando acá sacan el fuego del palo.
\nA la estrella de Venus la llamaba esta gente citlálpul, huei citlalin. Y decían que cuando sale por el oriente hace cuatro arremetidas, y a las tres luce poco, y vuélvese a esconder, y a la cuarta sale con toda su claridad y procede por su curso. Y dicen de su luz que parece a la de la Luna. En la primera arremetida teníanla de mal agüero, diciendo que traía enfermedad consigo, y por esto cerraban las puertas y ventanas, porque no entrase su luz. Y a las veces
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"91231955-10d5-4ad6-8ecf-7b6c8187ed9c","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"They call these stars Mamalhuaztli, and this is the same name that they give to the wooden sticks that they use to make fire, because they think that there is some sort of similarity between them [the stars and the wooden sticks] and that this method of making fire came down to them from [these stars]. It was from this that they acquired the custom of making some burn marks on males’ wrists in honor of these stars. As for the one who did not have these burn marks at the moment of his death, they said that they would make the fire from his wrist, there in hell, by drilling on it, just like they make fire here from a stick.\n\nThese people called the Venus star Citlalpol [or] Huey Citlalin. And they said that it makes four thrusts when it rises in the east: it shines a little during three of them and then goes back into hiding; and on the fourth one, it rises with its full brightness and proceeds along its path. And they say that its light shines like the moon. They considered the first thrust a bad omen, saying that it would bring illness; and this is why they would shut their doors and windows, to prevent its light from coming in. And sometimes","html":"They call these stars Mamalhuaztli, and this is the same name that they give to the wooden sticks that they use to make fire, because they think that there is some sort of similarity between them [the stars and the wooden sticks] and that this method of making fire came down to them from [these stars]. It was from this that they acquired the custom of making some burn marks on males’ wrists in honor of these stars. As for the one who did not have these burn marks at the moment of his death, they said that they would make the fire from his wrist, there in hell, by drilling on it, just like they make fire here from a stick.
\nThese people called the Venus star Citlalpol [or] Huey Citlalin. And they said that it makes four thrusts when it rises in the east: it shines a little during three of them and then goes back into hiding; and on the fourth one, it rises with its full brightness and proceeds along its path. And they say that its light shines like the moon. They considered the first thrust a bad omen, saying that it would bring illness; and this is why they would shut their doors and windows, to prevent its light from coming in. And sometimes
\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"9c2eb389-b86f-4af6-8732-3122d2d9a89e","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[in]ic momatlatiaia toquichtin, iehoatl quimacacia, mjmacacia imacaxoia, mjtoaia: quilmach in aquin amo nematlatile, imac tlequauhtlaxoz in mjctlan, in icoac omjc. Iehica in toquichtin, muchi tlacatl momatlatiaia, nenecoc inmac quiuiujpanaia, quitetecpanaia in innematlatil: ic quitlaiehecalhuiaia in mamalhoaztli: in iuh vipantoc, tecpantoc, no iuh quiuiuipanaia, quitetecpanaia in immac innematlatil. \n\n\nCitlalpol, vei citlalin mitoa: in icoac iancuican oalcholoa, oalquiça, nappan poliui, popoliuhtiuetzi: auh çatepã uel cueponj, cuepontimotlalia, cuepontica, tlanestitica: iuhquin metztona ic tlanestia. \n\nAuh in icoac, iancuican oalcholoa: cēca mauiztli motecaia, nemauhtiloia: nouiian motzatzacoaia in tlecalli, in puchquiiaoatl: mitoaia, aço cocolizço, itla aqualli quitquitiuitz, in oquiçaco: auh in quenman quicoalittaia. \n\nAuh no micoaia, in icoac oalcholoa, izcaltiloia, quitlacoaliaia: imez[çotica]","html":"[in]ic momatlatiaia toquichtin, iehoatl quimacacia, mjmacacia imacaxoia, mjtoaia: quilmach in aquin amo nematlatile, imac tlequauhtlaxoz in mjctlan, in icoac omjc. Iehica in toquichtin, muchi tlacatl momatlatiaia, nenecoc inmac quiuiujpanaia, quitetecpanaia in innematlatil: ic quitlaiehecalhuiaia in mamalhoaztli: in iuh vipantoc, tecpantoc, no iuh quiuiuipanaia, quitetecpanaia in immac innematlatil.
\nCitlalpol, vei citlalin mitoa: in icoac iancuican oalcholoa, oalquiça, nappan poliui, popoliuhtiuetzi: auh çatepã uel cueponj, cuepontimotlalia, cuepontica, tlanestitica: iuhquin metztona ic tlanestia.
\nAuh in icoac, iancuican oalcholoa: cēca mauiztli motecaia, nemauhtiloia: nouiian motzatzacoaia in tlecalli, in puchquiiaoatl: mitoaia, aço cocolizço, itla aqualli quitquitiuitz, in oquiçaco: auh in quenman quicoalittaia.
\nAuh no micoaia, in icoac oalcholoa, izcaltiloia, quitlacoaliaia: imez[çotica]
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"d558462b-5454-4d17-ad12-31609284890f","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"for this reason were we men burned on the wrists, to show awe of him. He was feared and dreaded. It was said and considered of any whose wrists were not burned that on his wrists fire would be drilled in the land of the dead, when he died. Therefore we men—every one—were burned on the wrists. On both sides of each wrist they arranged in order, in rows, their wrist burns. Thus they represented the fire drill. In the same manner as [the stars] were arranged in order and in line, so also they placed in order, in rows, their burns on their wrists.\n\n\n##### [The Morning Star or Great Star]\n\nOf the morning star, the great star, it was said that when first it emerged and came forth, four times it vanished and disappeared quickly. And afterwards it burst forth completely, took its place in full light, became brilliant, and shone white. Like the moon’s rays, so did it shine.\n\nAnd when it newly emerged, much fear came over them; all were frightened. Everywhere the outlets and openings[^8] [of houses] were closed up. It was said that perchance [the light] might bring a cause of sickness, something evil, when it came to emerge. But sometimes they regarded it as benevolent.\n\nAnd also [captives] were slain when it emerged, [that] it might be nourished. They sprinkled blood toward it.\n\n\n\n\n[^8]: The corresponding Spanish text translates these as doors and windows. Cf. Arthur J.O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble: *Florentine Codex*, Book III, *The Origin of the Gods* (Santa Fe: School of American Research, Monograph No. 14, Part IV, and University of Utah, 1952), p. 39, n. 3a.","html":"for this reason were we men burned on the wrists, to show awe of him. He was feared and dreaded. It was said and considered of any whose wrists were not burned that on his wrists fire would be drilled in the land of the dead, when he died. Therefore we men—every one—were burned on the wrists. On both sides of each wrist they arranged in order, in rows, their wrist burns. Thus they represented the fire drill. In the same manner as [the stars] were arranged in order and in line, so also they placed in order, in rows, their burns on their wrists.
\nOf the morning star, the great star, it was said that when first it emerged and came forth, four times it vanished and disappeared quickly. And afterwards it burst forth completely, took its place in full light, became brilliant, and shone white. Like the moon’s rays, so did it shine.
\nAnd when it newly emerged, much fear came over them; all were frightened. Everywhere the outlets and openings1 [of houses] were closed up. It was said that perchance [the light] might bring a cause of sickness, something evil, when it came to emerge. But sometimes they regarded it as benevolent.
\nAnd also [captives] were slain when it emerged, [that] it might be nourished. They sprinkled blood toward it.
\nThe corresponding Spanish text translates these as doors and windows. Cf. Arthur J.O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble: Florentine Codex, Book III, The Origin of the Gods (Santa Fe: School of American Research, Monograph No. 14, Part IV, and University of Utah, 1952), p. 39, n. 3a.↩