Según que afirman los viejos en cuyo poder estaban las pinturas y memorias de las cosas antiguas, los que primeramente venieron a poblar a esta tierra desta Nueva España venieron de hacia el Norte, en demanda del Paraíso Terrenal. Traían por apellido tamoanchan, y es lo que agora dicen tictemoa tochan, que quiere decir "buscamos nuestra casa natural". Por ventura, inducidos de algún oráculo que alguno de los muy estimados entre ellos había recibido y divulgado, que el Paraíso Terrenal está hacia el Mediodía, como es verdad, según casi todos los que escriben, que está debaxo de la línea equinocial. Y poblaban cerca de los más altos montes que hallaban, por tener relatión que es un monte altísimo, y es ansí verdad.
\nEstos primeros pobladores, según lo manifiestan los antiquísimos edificios que agora están muy manifiestos, fueron gente robustísima, sapientísima y belicosísima. Entre otras cosas muy notables que hicieron, edificaron una ciudad fortísima, en tierra opulentísima, de cuya felicidad y riquezas aún en los edificios destruidos della hay grandes indicios. A esta ciudad llamaron Tullan, que quiere decir "lugar de fertilidad y abundancia", y aún agora se llama ansí, y es lugar muy ameno y fértil. En esta ciudad reinó muchos años un rey llamado Quetzalcóatl, gran nigromántico y inventor de la nigromancia, y la dexó a sus descendientes, y hoy día la usan. Fue estremado en las virtudes morales. Está el negocio deste rey entre estos naturales como el del rey Artús entre los ingleses. Fue esta ciudad destruida y este rey ahuyentado. Dicen que caminó hasta el Oriente, que se fue a la ciudad del Sol, llamada Tlapallan, y fue llamado del Sol. Y dicen que es vivo y que ha de volver a reinar y a reedificar aquella ciudad que le destruyeron, y ansí hoy día le esperan. Y cuando vino don Hernando Cortés, pensaron que era él, y por tal le recibieron y tuvieron, hasta que su conversación y la de los otros que con él venían los desengañó. Los que desta ciudad huyeron edificaron otra muy próspera ciudad, que se llama Cholula, a la cual por su nobleza, edificios y grandeza los españoles, en viéndola, la
\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"ba237f73-1600-4df5-93e8-70b00c74ee96","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"## Prologue\nAs the older men who possessed the paintings and the memories of the ancient matters assert, those who first came to settle this land of New Spain came from the north, seeking earthly paradise. They had as their motto “Tamoanchan,” and this is what they now say, “Tictemoah tochan,” which means, “We are searching for our homeland.” They were induced, perhaps, by some oracle that one of the very respected ones among them had received and divulged, that the earthly paradise lies toward the south. And this is true, according to the majority of those who write, for [this paradise] lies below the equator. And they settled near the highest mountains that they could find, as they were informed that it is a very high mountain, and this is the truth.\n\nThese first settlers—as is clear from the very ancient buildings that are now quite evident—were an exceedingly robust people, extremely wise, and extremely warlike. Among other very notable things that they did, they built a very strong city in a very opulent land; and there are still great signs of its happiness and riches in its destroyed buildings. They called this city Tollan, which means “place of fertility and abundance,” and it is still has this name now, as it is a very pleasant and fertile place. In this city, there ruled for many years a king called Quetzalcoatl, a great necromancer and the inventor of necromancy, which he bequeathed to his descendants; and they still use it today. He was supreme in his moral virtues. Among these natives, the enterprises of this king are like those of King Arthur among the English. This city was destroyed and this king banished. They say that he walked all the way to the east, that he went away to the city of the sun, called Tlapallan, and that he was summoned by the sun. And they say that he is alive and that he will return to reign again and rebuild that city [of his] that they destroyed; and thus they are still waiting for him to this day. And when don Hernando Cortés came, they thought that it was he, and they received and considered him as such until his conduct and that of those who came with him opened their eyes. The ones who fled from this city built another very prosperous city that is called Cholula, which the Spaniards—upon seeing it—","html":"As the older men who possessed the paintings and the memories of the ancient matters assert, those who first came to settle this land of New Spain came from the north, seeking earthly paradise. They had as their motto “Tamoanchan,” and this is what they now say, “Tictemoah tochan,” which means, “We are searching for our homeland.” They were induced, perhaps, by some oracle that one of the very respected ones among them had received and divulged, that the earthly paradise lies toward the south. And this is true, according to the majority of those who write, for [this paradise] lies below the equator. And they settled near the highest mountains that they could find, as they were informed that it is a very high mountain, and this is the truth.
\nThese first settlers—as is clear from the very ancient buildings that are now quite evident—were an exceedingly robust people, extremely wise, and extremely warlike. Among other very notable things that they did, they built a very strong city in a very opulent land; and there are still great signs of its happiness and riches in its destroyed buildings. They called this city Tollan, which means “place of fertility and abundance,” and it is still has this name now, as it is a very pleasant and fertile place. In this city, there ruled for many years a king called Quetzalcoatl, a great necromancer and the inventor of necromancy, which he bequeathed to his descendants; and they still use it today. He was supreme in his moral virtues. Among these natives, the enterprises of this king are like those of King Arthur among the English. This city was destroyed and this king banished. They say that he walked all the way to the east, that he went away to the city of the sun, called Tlapallan, and that he was summoned by the sun. And they say that he is alive and that he will return to reign again and rebuild that city [of his] that they destroyed; and thus they are still waiting for him to this day. And when don Hernando Cortés came, they thought that it was he, and they received and considered him as such until his conduct and that of those who came with him opened their eyes. The ones who fled from this city built another very prosperous city that is called Cholula, which the Spaniards—upon seeing it—
\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}},{"id":"e828dba3-14e1-4f2f-8e56-f6b6a72308c1","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"## Prologue \n\nAs the old men, in whose possession were the paintings and recollections of ancient things, asserted, those who first came to settle this land of this New Spain came from the north in search of the earthly paradise. They had as [their] watchword _Tamoanchan_. And it is what they now say [as] _tictemoa tochan_, which means, \"We seek our native home.\" Perhaps [they were] influenced by some oracle, which one of the very esteemed among them had received and divulged, that the earthly paradise is to the south, as is true. According to nearly all those who write, it is below the equinoctial line. And they settled near the highest mountains they could find, because of having information that it is a very high mountain; and it is true.\n\nThese first settlers, as the very ancient buildings which are now very visible reveal, were a very robust, very wise, very warlike people. Among the very noteworthy things they did, they built a very impregnable city in very fertile lands. There are still abundant indications of its fortune and wealth in the destroyed buildings. They called this city Tullan, which means \"place of fertility and abundance.\" And even now it is a very pleasant and fertile place. \n\nA king named Quetzalcoatl ruled many years in this city. He was a great necromancer and inventor of necromancy, and he left it to his descendants and to this day they practice it. He was consummate in the moral virtues. \n\nAmong these natives the activities of this king are like those of King Arthur among the English. \n\nThis city was destroyed and this king put to flight. They say he traveled to the east, that he went to the city of the sun called Tlapallan, and that he was summoned by the sun. And they say he is still alive and that he is to reign again and rebuild that city which [his enemies] destroyed. And so to this day they await him.\n\nAnd when Don Hernán Cortés came [the natives] thought it was he. And they received, they took Cortés as such until his behavior and that of those who came with him disabused them.\n\nThose who fled from this city built another very prosperous city which is called Cholula, to which the Spaniards, upon seeing it,","html":"As the old men, in whose possession were the paintings and recollections of ancient things, asserted, those who first came to settle this land of this New Spain came from the north in search of the earthly paradise. They had as [their] watchword Tamoanchan. And it is what they now say [as] tictemoa tochan, which means, "We seek our native home." Perhaps [they were] influenced by some oracle, which one of the very esteemed among them had received and divulged, that the earthly paradise is to the south, as is true. According to nearly all those who write, it is below the equinoctial line. And they settled near the highest mountains they could find, because of having information that it is a very high mountain; and it is true.
\nThese first settlers, as the very ancient buildings which are now very visible reveal, were a very robust, very wise, very warlike people. Among the very noteworthy things they did, they built a very impregnable city in very fertile lands. There are still abundant indications of its fortune and wealth in the destroyed buildings. They called this city Tullan, which means "place of fertility and abundance." And even now it is a very pleasant and fertile place.
\nA king named Quetzalcoatl ruled many years in this city. He was a great necromancer and inventor of necromancy, and he left it to his descendants and to this day they practice it. He was consummate in the moral virtues.
\nAmong these natives the activities of this king are like those of King Arthur among the English.
\nThis city was destroyed and this king put to flight. They say he traveled to the east, that he went to the city of the sun called Tlapallan, and that he was summoned by the sun. And they say he is still alive and that he is to reign again and rebuild that city which [his enemies] destroyed. And so to this day they await him.
\nAnd when Don Hernán Cortés came [the natives] thought it was he. And they received, they took Cortés as such until his behavior and that of those who came with him disabused them.
\nThose who fled from this city built another very prosperous city which is called Cholula, to which the Spaniards, upon seeing it,
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_spanish_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"ea65b96f-13af-46b7-bea5-61212360ac24","choice":{"en":["Spanish by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"## Prologo. \n\nSegun, que affirman los viejos, en cuyo poder, estauan las pinturas, y memorias de las cosas antiguas: los que primeramente, venjeron a poblar, a esta tierra, desta nueua españa: vinieron de hazia el norte, en demanda del parayso terrenal. Traian por apellido, tamoanchan: y es lo que agora dizen, tictemoa tochan: que quiere dezir, buscamos nr̄a casa natural. Por uentura, induzidos de algun oraculo, que alguno de los mui estimados, entre ellos, auia rescibido y diuulgado: que el paraiso terrenal, esta hazia el media dia: como es uerdad, segun casi todos, los que escriuen; que esta debaxo de la linea equinocial. I poblauan, cerca de los mas altos mpntes, que hallauan: por tener relation, que es vn monte altissimo, y es ansi uerdad.\n\nEstos primeros pobladores, segū lo manifiestan, los antiquissimos edificios, que agora estan muy manifiestos, fueron: gente robustissima, sapientissima, y belicosissima. Entre otras cosas, mui notables, que hizieron: edificaron vna ciudad, fortissima, en tierra opulentissima: de cuya felicidad y riquezas, aun en los edificios destruydos della, ay grandes indicios. A esta ciudad llamaron Tullan, que quiere dezir: lugar de fertilidad, y abundancia, y aun agora se llama ansi: y es lugar muy ameno, y fertil. \n\nEn esta ciudad, reyno muchos años, vn rey, llamado Quetzalcoatl: gran nigromantico, y inuentor de la nigromancia, y la dexo a sus decendientes, y oy dia la vsan: fue estremado, en las virtudes morales. \n\nEsta el negocio deste Rey, entre estos naturales: como el del Rey Artus entre los ingleses.\n\nFue esta ciudad destruida, y este Rey ahuyentado: dizen, que camino, hazia el oriente: que se fue a la ciudad del sol, llamada tlapallā, y fue llamado del sol: y dizen, que es uiuo, y que a de boluer a reinar, y a reedificar aquella ciudad, que le destruyeron: y ansi oy dia le esperan. \n\nI quando vino don hernando Cortes, pensaron: que era el, y por tal le recibieron, tuuieron: hasta que, su conuersacion, y la de los, que con el venian, los desengaño. \n\nLos que desta ciudad huyeron, edificaron otra, muy prospera ciudad, que se llama Cholula: a la qual por su nobleza, edificios, y grandeza: los españoles en viendola, la","html":"Segun, que affirman los viejos, en cuyo poder, estauan las pinturas, y memorias de las cosas antiguas: los que primeramente, venjeron a poblar, a esta tierra, desta nueua españa: vinieron de hazia el norte, en demanda del parayso terrenal. Traian por apellido, tamoanchan: y es lo que agora dizen, tictemoa tochan: que quiere dezir, buscamos nr̄a casa natural. Por uentura, induzidos de algun oraculo, que alguno de los mui estimados, entre ellos, auia rescibido y diuulgado: que el paraiso terrenal, esta hazia el media dia: como es uerdad, segun casi todos, los que escriuen; que esta debaxo de la linea equinocial. I poblauan, cerca de los mas altos mpntes, que hallauan: por tener relation, que es vn monte altissimo, y es ansi uerdad.
\nEstos primeros pobladores, segū lo manifiestan, los antiquissimos edificios, que agora estan muy manifiestos, fueron: gente robustissima, sapientissima, y belicosissima. Entre otras cosas, mui notables, que hizieron: edificaron vna ciudad, fortissima, en tierra opulentissima: de cuya felicidad y riquezas, aun en los edificios destruydos della, ay grandes indicios. A esta ciudad llamaron Tullan, que quiere dezir: lugar de fertilidad, y abundancia, y aun agora se llama ansi: y es lugar muy ameno, y fertil.
\nEn esta ciudad, reyno muchos años, vn rey, llamado Quetzalcoatl: gran nigromantico, y inuentor de la nigromancia, y la dexo a sus decendientes, y oy dia la vsan: fue estremado, en las virtudes morales.
\nEsta el negocio deste Rey, entre estos naturales: como el del Rey Artus entre los ingleses.
\nFue esta ciudad destruida, y este Rey ahuyentado: dizen, que camino, hazia el oriente: que se fue a la ciudad del sol, llamada tlapallā, y fue llamado del sol: y dizen, que es uiuo, y que a de boluer a reinar, y a reedificar aquella ciudad, que le destruyeron: y ansi oy dia le esperan.
\nI quando vino don hernando Cortes, pensaron: que era el, y por tal le recibieron, tuuieron: hasta que, su conuersacion, y la de los, que con el venian, los desengaño.
\nLos que desta ciudad huyeron, edificaron otra, muy prospera ciudad, que se llama Cholula: a la qual por su nobleza, edificios, y grandeza: los españoles en viendola, la
\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Español por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"iv"}