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los mercaderes"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores.","book_number":"9","total_folios":147,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"444dcc14-9818-4a83-9f9f-7b97960cc959","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"de los otros mercaderes juzgaban las causas de todos los mercaderes, por sí mismos. \nY si alguno encorría en pena de muerte, ellos le sentenciaban y mataban, o en la cárcel o en su casa, o en otra parte, según que lo tenían de costumbre. Cuando los cónsules se sentaban en el audiencia, aderezábanse con atavíos de gravedad y de autoridad: poníanse barbotes de oro o barbotes largos, de _chalchíhuitl_, que llaman _tencololli_, o otros que llaman _apozonaltenzácatl_, o otros que llaman _apozonaltencololli_, que no son largos, sino corvos, o otros que llamaban _xoxouhqui tencololli_. Y los señores que regían a los pochtecas, cuando juzgaban, componíanse con los aderezos arriba dichos, los cuales eran también insignias de que eran valientes, de que habían entrado en la provincia de Anáhuac entre los enemigos. También se componían","html":"<p>de los otros mercaderes juzgaban las causas de todos los mercaderes, por sí mismos.\nY si alguno encorría en pena de muerte, ellos le sentenciaban y mataban, o en la cárcel o en su casa, o en otra parte, según que lo tenían de costumbre. Cuando los cónsules se sentaban en el audiencia, aderezábanse con atavíos de gravedad y de autoridad: poníanse barbotes de oro o barbotes largos, de <em>chalchíhuitl</em>, que llaman <em>tencololli</em>, o otros que llaman <em>apozonaltenzácatl</em>, o otros que llaman <em>apozonaltencololli</em>, que no son largos, sino corvos, o otros que llamaban <em>xoxouhqui tencololli</em>. Y los señores que regían a los pochtecas, cuando juzgaban, componíanse con los aderezos arriba dichos, los cuales eran también insignias de que eran valientes, de que habían entrado en la provincia de Anáhuac entre los enemigos. También se componían</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"6f97631a-b04b-4c27-8486-519053ce6994","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"of the other merchants would judge the cases of all the merchants by themselves. And if one of them was sentenced to the death penalty, they were the ones who would sentence and kill him, either in jail, in his own house, or somewhere else, according to their particular custom.\n\nWhenever the consuls were sitting in the courtroom, they would dress in garments full of gravitas and authority: they would wear gold lip plugs or long lip plugs made of _chalchihuitl_, which they call _tencolli_; other [lip plugs] that they call _apozonaltencololli_, which are not long but curved; and others that they called _xoxouhqui tencolli_. And whenever the lords who ruled the _pochtecas_ were judging, they would adorn themselves with the ornaments mentioned above, which were also insignias indicating that they were brave men, that they had penetrated the province of Anahuac while surrounded by enemies. They would also adorn themselves","html":"<p>of the other merchants would judge the cases of all the merchants by themselves. And if one of them was sentenced to the death penalty, they were the ones who would sentence and kill him, either in jail, in his own house, or somewhere else, according to their particular custom.</p>\n<p>Whenever the consuls were sitting in the courtroom, they would dress in garments full of gravitas and authority: they would wear gold lip plugs or long lip plugs made of <em>chalchihuitl</em>, which they call <em>tencolli</em>; other [lip plugs] that they call <em>apozonaltencololli</em>, which are not long but curved; and others that they called <em>xoxouhqui tencolli</em>. And whenever the lords who ruled the <em>pochtecas</em> were judging, they would adorn themselves with the ornaments mentioned above, which were also insignias indicating that they were brave men, that they had penetrated the province of Anahuac while surrounded by enemies. They would also adorn themselves</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"ce98026c-93f5-4d78-b3d3-b9710f317853","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[mono]matlatzontequiliaia, motlatzacuiltiaia, momictiaia in puchtecatlatoque, in naoaloztomeca: in vncan in necentlaliaia uel centetl incalietica, no centetl incalietica in quauhtlatoque: nonqua quiquistia in imihiio, in intlatol, in intecuio, in intlatocaio, in intlatzontequiliz. Jn aquin otlatlaco quimictia: quitlatlatia, in oncan quauhcali, ioan in çaço campa: aço uel ichan in ompa conmictiaia, contlatlatiaia.\n\nAuh inic onoque in quauhtlatoque: in vncan quauhcali, cenca in omauizçotitoque, conaquitoque, in teucuitlatentetl, ioan xoxouhqui tēzçatl: ioan chalchiuhtencololli, ioan apoçonaltēzçatl, ioan apoçonaltencololli, ioan xoxouhqui tencololli. Auh in puchtecatlatoque: in conaquitoque teucuitlatentetl, apoçonaltētetl, inic momauizçotitoque in ipã anaoac calaquini iaupan, in naoaloztomeca: çan iio icoac in ilhujtl conaquiaia, ioan in innechichioaliz, in inneuquichitol.\n\nAuh inic catca","html":"<p>[mono]matlatzontequiliaia, motlatzacuiltiaia, momictiaia in puchtecatlatoque, in naoaloztomeca: in vncan in necentlaliaia uel centetl incalietica, no centetl incalietica in quauhtlatoque: nonqua quiquistia in imihiio, in intlatol, in intecuio, in intlatocaio, in intlatzontequiliz. Jn aquin otlatlaco quimictia: quitlatlatia, in oncan quauhcali, ioan in çaço campa: aço uel ichan in ompa conmictiaia, contlatlatiaia.</p>\n<p>Auh inic onoque in quauhtlatoque: in vncan quauhcali, cenca in omauizçotitoque, conaquitoque, in teucuitlatentetl, ioan xoxouhqui tēzçatl: ioan chalchiuhtencololli, ioan apoçonaltēzçatl, ioan apoçonaltencololli, ioan xoxouhqui tencololli. Auh in puchtecatlatoque: in conaquitoque teucuitlatentetl, apoçonaltētetl, inic momauizçotitoque in ipã anaoac calaquini iaupan, in naoaloztomeca: çan iio icoac in ilhujtl conaquiaia, ioan in innechichioaliz, in inneuquichitol.</p>\n<p>Auh inic catca</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"914af53b-c060-433e-b156-e5cd774f35d5","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"the principal merchants, the disguised merchants, themselves alone pronounced judgment, exacted the punishment, executed the death penalty. There where they congregated was their one house; also one was the house of the governors. Separately they issued their pronouncements, their authority, their rule, their judgments. He who had done wrong they killed, they slew, there at the *quauhcalli*, or anywhere;[^15] perhaps indeed in his home they killed—slew—him.\n\nAnd thus the governors sat [in audience] there at [their] *quauhcalli*; they sat venerated,[^16] wearing their golden lip plugs, and blue labrets,[^17] and curved green stone lip plugs, and amber labrets,[^18] and curved amber lip plugs, and curved blue lip plugs. But the principal merchants sat wearing golden lip plugs [and] amber lip plugs. With these sat venerated those who in Anauac had entered into the enemy&#8217;s land, as disguised merchants. Only on feast days did they wear them, as well as their array and symbols of valor.[^19]\n\nAnd thus was it \n\n\n\n\n[^15]: See Anderson and Dibble, *op. cit*., Book VIII, p. 43.\n\n\n[^16]: Corresponding Spanish text: *&#8221;adereçauanse con ataujos de grauedad, y de autoridad.&#8221;*\n\n\n[^17]: *Tezçacatl* in the *Acad. Hist. MS*; it is somewhat blurred in the *Florentine Codex*.\n\n\n[^18]: *Apoçonaltezçacatl* in the *Acad. Hist. MS*.\n\n\n[^19]: Corresponding Spanish text: *&#8221;eran tambien insignjas de que erã valientes, de que aujã entrado en la proujncia de anaoac entre los enemjgos.&#8221;*","html":"<p>the principal merchants, the disguised merchants, themselves alone pronounced judgment, exacted the punishment, executed the death penalty. There where they congregated was their one house; also one was the house of the governors. Separately they issued their pronouncements, their authority, their rule, their judgments. He who had done wrong they killed, they slew, there at the <em>quauhcalli</em>, or anywhere;<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> perhaps indeed in his home they killed—slew—him.</p>\n<p>And thus the governors sat [in audience] there at [their] <em>quauhcalli</em>; they sat venerated,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> wearing their golden lip plugs, and blue labrets,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup> and curved green stone lip plugs, and amber labrets,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-4\"><a href=\"#fn-4\">4</a></sup> and curved amber lip plugs, and curved blue lip plugs. But the principal merchants sat wearing golden lip plugs [and] amber lip plugs. With these sat venerated those who in Anauac had entered into the enemy’s land, as disguised merchants. Only on feast days did they wear them, as well as their array and symbols of valor.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-5\"><a href=\"#fn-5\">5</a></sup></p>\n<p>And thus was it</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>See Anderson and Dibble, <em>op. cit</em>., Book VIII, p. 43.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>Corresponding Spanish text: <em>”adereçauanse con ataujos de grauedad, y de autoridad.”</em><a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p><em>Tezçacatl</em> in the <em>Acad. Hist. MS</em>; it is somewhat blurred in the <em>Florentine Codex</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-4\"><p><em>Apoçonaltezçacatl</em> in the <em>Acad. Hist. MS</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-4\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-5\"><p>Corresponding Spanish text: <em>”eran tambien insignjas de que erã valientes, de que aujã entrado en la proujncia de anaoac entre los enemjgos.”</em><a href=\"#fnref-5\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"20v"}