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los mercaderes"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores.","book_number":"9","total_folios":147,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"779cb6b1-13c9-47e3-a880-3256548c9a85","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"[esta]ba. Íbale hacer saber cómo había llegado sano y vivo. Decíale desta manera: \"Singular varón estéis mucho enhorabuena. Sabed que soy venido con salud y vida.\" Después que había hablado aquél, decíale: \"A la mañana iré a ver a nuestros padres y madres, los mercaderes viejos. Irán a beber un poco de cacao a mi pobre casa, a donde hasta que nuestro señor me llame, viv[a].\" El principal le respondía: \"Seáis muy bienvenido, amigo mío. Y habéis hecho placer a vuestros padres y madres, los mercaderes antiguos. Ellos os hablarán mañana. Idos agora a descansar.\"\n\nHabiendo este mercader hablado a su principal y a los otros mercaderes, y habiéndolos convidado la noche precediente al convite, a la media noche cortaba papeles para ofrecer en agradecimiento que le habían ayudado los dioses para que fuese su viaje próspero. Cortaba los papeles que eran menester para el fuego, y los que eran menester para el Yacatecuhtli, dios de los mercaderes. Habiendo cortado los papeles, ofrecíalos a la media noche a estos dioses, en hacimiento de gracias. Habiendo hecho esto, lue[go]","html":"<p>[esta]ba. Íbale hacer saber cómo había llegado sano y vivo. Decíale desta manera: &quot;Singular varón estéis mucho enhorabuena. Sabed que soy venido con salud y vida.&quot; Después que había hablado aquél, decíale: &quot;A la mañana iré a ver a nuestros padres y madres, los mercaderes viejos. Irán a beber un poco de cacao a mi pobre casa, a donde hasta que nuestro señor me llame, viv[a].&quot; El principal le respondía: &quot;Seáis muy bienvenido, amigo mío. Y habéis hecho placer a vuestros padres y madres, los mercaderes antiguos. Ellos os hablarán mañana. Idos agora a descansar.&quot;</p>\n<p>Habiendo este mercader hablado a su principal y a los otros mercaderes, y habiéndolos convidado la noche precediente al convite, a la media noche cortaba papeles para ofrecer en agradecimiento que le habían ayudado los dioses para que fuese su viaje próspero. Cortaba los papeles que eran menester para el fuego, y los que eran menester para el Yacatecuhtli, dios de los mercaderes. Habiendo cortado los papeles, ofrecíalos a la media noche a estos dioses, en hacimiento de gracias. Habiendo hecho esto, lue[go]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"0c1c59a0-b7f1-4291-8a1f-3080ed6bd509","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"He would go to let him know that he had arrived alive and well; and he would address him in this way: “Extraordinary man, may all be well with you. Know that I have arrived alive and in good health.” Having addressed him, he would add, “In the morning, I will go to see our fathers and mothers, the older merchants. They will come to my humble house to drink a little cacao, and I will live there until our lord calls me.” The leader would respond to him, “Be most welcome, my friend. You have pleased your fathers and mothers, the senior merchants. They will speak to you tomorrow. Go now, and rest.”\n\nAfter this merchant had spoken to his leader and to the other merchants, and after having invited them the previous night to the banquet, he would cut papers at midnight in order to offer them in gratitude, for the gods had helped him to make a prosperous journey. He would cut the papers that he would need for the [god of] fire and the ones that he would need for Yacateuctli, god of merchants. Having cut the papers, he would offer them at midnight as a token of gratitude to these gods. Having done this,","html":"<p>He would go to let him know that he had arrived alive and well; and he would address him in this way: “Extraordinary man, may all be well with you. Know that I have arrived alive and in good health.” Having addressed him, he would add, “In the morning, I will go to see our fathers and mothers, the older merchants. They will come to my humble house to drink a little cacao, and I will live there until our lord calls me.” The leader would respond to him, “Be most welcome, my friend. You have pleased your fathers and mothers, the senior merchants. They will speak to you tomorrow. Go now, and rest.”</p>\n<p>After this merchant had spoken to his leader and to the other merchants, and after having invited them the previous night to the banquet, he would cut papers at midnight in order to offer them in gratitude, for the gods had helped him to make a prosperous journey. He would cut the papers that he would need for the [god of] fire and the ones that he would need for Yacateuctli, god of merchants. Having cut the papers, he would offer them at midnight as a token of gratitude to these gods. Having done this,</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"2e81e3b8-ac52-4628-81d8-b1483fdc3e12","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[com]mottitia, coniolpachiuitia, in ipampa acan oquipopolo in totecuio,\n\nquilhuia. Ma ximeuiltitie moceloquichtle: ca ie moiollotzin pachiui, ca otlaltitech nonacico, acan onechtlati in totecuio, auh ma oc tlauizcalpan niquinnochielia in tonahoan in totahoan, in puchteca in oztomeca in iiaque: achitzin texamoiaoaltzintli quimititiui, in oncã noxacaltonco, in onca nictlatolchie totecuio.\n\nAuh quioalilhuia, Otiquihiioui, oticciauh, xolotze: otiquimicneli in monanhoan, in motahoan, aticcuiz aticcaquiz, in imihiio in intlatol, ma ximoceui.\n\nAuh in icoac ontetlalhuito: in ontenotzato, niman ie hiciuhca amaxotla, quichioa in inestlaoal: in itech poui in tletl, ioan iiacatecutli, niman ie ic mostlaoa in ioalnepantla: in ômostlauh, niman ie ic ipan tlatoa in isquich monequiz, in tlaqualli, in totolquimilli, in nacatlaoio, in totollaolli: ioan qualli cacaoatl, teunaçazço. Auh","html":"<p>[com]mottitia, coniolpachiuitia, in ipampa acan oquipopolo in totecuio,</p>\n<p>quilhuia. Ma ximeuiltitie moceloquichtle: ca ie moiollotzin pachiui, ca otlaltitech nonacico, acan onechtlati in totecuio, auh ma oc tlauizcalpan niquinnochielia in tonahoan in totahoan, in puchteca in oztomeca in iiaque: achitzin texamoiaoaltzintli quimititiui, in oncã noxacaltonco, in onca nictlatolchie totecuio.</p>\n<p>Auh quioalilhuia, Otiquihiioui, oticciauh, xolotze: otiquimicneli in monanhoan, in motahoan, aticcuiz aticcaquiz, in imihiio in intlatol, ma ximoceui.</p>\n<p>Auh in icoac ontetlalhuito: in ontenotzato, niman ie hiciuhca amaxotla, quichioa in inestlaoal: in itech poui in tletl, ioan iiacatecutli, niman ie ic mostlaoa in ioalnepantla: in ômostlauh, niman ie ic ipan tlatoa in isquich monequiz, in tlaqualli, in totolquimilli, in nacatlaoio, in totollaolli: ioan qualli cacaoatl, teunaçazço. Auh</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"f8bae8f9-ee1e-44cd-80fd-968990150706","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"to present himself to him, to reassure him, because nowhere had our lord destroyed him.\n\nHe said to him: &#8220;May it be well with thee, O thou brave man! Be relieved in thy heart that I have come to reach [this] land; nowhere did our lord slay me. And at dawn I shall await our mothers, our fathers, the merchants, the vanguard merchants, the exploring merchants. They shall go to drink a little whipped chocolate there in my hut, where I shall await the word of our lord.&#8221;\n\nAnd [the other] said to him in return: &#8220;Thou hast suffered, thou hast become fatigued, O servant. Thou hast shown mercy to thy mothers [and] thy fathers; [but] not [now] shalt thou acquire [and] hear their words. Rest.&#8221;\n\nAnd when he had gone to speak, to converse, with one, then swiftly he cut paper into strips to make the blood sacrifices which pertained to the [god of] fire and to Yacatecutli. Thereupon the debt was paid at midnight. When the debt was paid, thereupon he undertook to secure all which was necessary of food, turkey pasties, meat stewed with maize, turkey stewed with maize, and good chocolate with &#8220;divine ear&#8221; spice.[^2] And \n\n\n\n\n[^2]: Probably *teonacazço* is meant; see corresponding Spanish text. *Teonacaztli, xochinacaztli*, or *uei nacaztli*:* &#8221; &#8216;Oreja divina.&#8217; *Planta aromática y medicinal*&#8230; . Cymbopetalum penduliflorum,&#8221; in Sahagún, *op. cit*., Vol. IV, p. 356; *&#8221;rosa o especie aromática&#8221;* in Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún: *Historia de las cosas de Nueva España* (Miguel Acosta Saignes, ed.; México: Editorial Nueva España, S. A., 1946), Vol. II, p. 303. See *teonacascle* and *sochinacaste* in Santamaría, *op. cit*., Vol. III, pp. 94–95, 156. According to Maximino Martínez, *Las plantas medicinales de México* (México: Ediciones Botas, 1933), p. 471, *&#8221;las flores son aromáticas y se usan como tónico estomacal.*&#8221; Emmart, *op. cit*., p. 315, notes that for its fragrance and flavor, which suggests nutmeg, it was ground and added to chocolate; medicinally, it was used against asthma and flatulence, as relief for the stomach and heart, for &#8220;fatigue of those holding public office &#8230; and in a charm to safeguard the traveler.&#8221;","html":"<p>to present himself to him, to reassure him, because nowhere had our lord destroyed him.</p>\n<p>He said to him: “May it be well with thee, O thou brave man! Be relieved in thy heart that I have come to reach [this] land; nowhere did our lord slay me. And at dawn I shall await our mothers, our fathers, the merchants, the vanguard merchants, the exploring merchants. They shall go to drink a little whipped chocolate there in my hut, where I shall await the word of our lord.”</p>\n<p>And [the other] said to him in return: “Thou hast suffered, thou hast become fatigued, O servant. Thou hast shown mercy to thy mothers [and] thy fathers; [but] not [now] shalt thou acquire [and] hear their words. Rest.”</p>\n<p>And when he had gone to speak, to converse, with one, then swiftly he cut paper into strips to make the blood sacrifices which pertained to the [god of] fire and to Yacatecutli. Thereupon the debt was paid at midnight. When the debt was paid, thereupon he undertook to secure all which was necessary of food, turkey pasties, meat stewed with maize, turkey stewed with maize, and good chocolate with “divine ear” spice.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> And</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Probably <em>teonacazço</em> is meant; see corresponding Spanish text. <em>Teonacaztli, xochinacaztli</em>, or <em>uei nacaztli</em>:* ” ‘Oreja divina.’ <em>Planta aromática y medicinal</em>… . Cymbopetalum penduliflorum,” in Sahagún, <em>op. cit</em>., Vol. IV, p. 356; <em>”rosa o especie aromática”</em> in Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún: <em>Historia de las cosas de Nueva España</em> (Miguel Acosta Saignes, ed.; México: Editorial Nueva España, S. A., 1946), Vol. II, p. 303. See <em>teonacascle</em> and <em>sochinacaste</em> in Santamaría, <em>op. cit</em>., Vol. III, pp. 94–95, 156. According to Maximino Martínez, <em>Las plantas medicinales de México</em> (México: Ediciones Botas, 1933), p. 471, <em>”las flores son aromáticas y se usan como tónico estomacal.</em>” Emmart, <em>op. cit</em>., p. 315, notes that for its fragrance and flavor, which suggests nutmeg, it was ground and added to chocolate; medicinally, it was used against asthma and flatulence, as relief for the stomach and heart, for “fatigue of those holding public office … and in a charm to safeguard the traveler.”<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"22v"}