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los mercaderes"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores.","book_number":"9","total_folios":147,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"c8112f72-2682-4329-89c8-b55b5f4332d1","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"barbotes de ámbar y las orejeras que se llaman _quetzalcoyolnacochtli_, y nuestros báculos negros que se llaman _xahuactopilli_, y los aventaderos o ojeaderos de moscas, que se llaman _coxolecacehuaztli_, y las mantas que hemos de traer, que se llaman colotlalpilli, y los mastles que se llaman también _colotlalpilli_. Sólo esto serán nuestra paga y la señal de nuestra valentía. Y ninguno otro de los mexicanos y mercaderes usarán destas preseas, los cuales no se hallaron con nosotros en los trabajos desta conquista.\"\n\nY como estos mercaderes estuvieron cuatro años en la conquista destas tierras y en todos ellos nunca se cortaron los cabellos, cuando llegaron a su tierra traían los cabellos hasta la cinta y más baxo.\n\nCuando el señor de México, que se llamaba Ahuitzontzin, oyó la fama de cómo venían estos mercaderes que había ido a Ayotlan y habían hecho esta hazaña, luego mandó que les fuesen a recebir muy solemnemente. Fueron a recebirlos muchos de los sátrapas y otros ministros de los templos; fueron también muchos de los principales de México que se llaman _tetecuhtin_, y otros nobles que se llaman _achcacauhti_. Los sátrapas llevaban","html":"<p>barbotes de ámbar y las orejeras que se llaman <em>quetzalcoyolnacochtli</em>, y nuestros báculos negros que se llaman <em>xahuactopilli</em>, y los aventaderos o ojeaderos de moscas, que se llaman <em>coxolecacehuaztli</em>, y las mantas que hemos de traer, que se llaman colotlalpilli, y los mastles que se llaman también <em>colotlalpilli</em>. Sólo esto serán nuestra paga y la señal de nuestra valentía. Y ninguno otro de los mexicanos y mercaderes usarán destas preseas, los cuales no se hallaron con nosotros en los trabajos desta conquista.&quot;</p>\n<p>Y como estos mercaderes estuvieron cuatro años en la conquista destas tierras y en todos ellos nunca se cortaron los cabellos, cuando llegaron a su tierra traían los cabellos hasta la cinta y más baxo.</p>\n<p>Cuando el señor de México, que se llamaba Ahuitzontzin, oyó la fama de cómo venían estos mercaderes que había ido a Ayotlan y habían hecho esta hazaña, luego mandó que les fuesen a recebir muy solemnemente. Fueron a recebirlos muchos de los sátrapas y otros ministros de los templos; fueron también muchos de los principales de México que se llaman <em>tetecuhtin</em>, y otros nobles que se llaman <em>achcacauhti</em>. Los sátrapas llevaban</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"7bb78858-a5df-4333-a9e7-e4a829695345","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"the amber lip plugs and the ear ornaments called _quetzalcoyolnacochtli_; our black staffs called _xahuactopilli_; the fans or fly whisks called _coxolihehecacehuaztli_; the capes that we will wear, called _colotlalpilli_; and the _mastles_ that are also called _colotlalpilli_. This will be our only payment and the sign of our bravery. And no other Mexican or merchant will use these prizes, for they were not with us during the struggles of this conquest.”\n\nAnd since these merchants spent four years conquering these lands and never cut their hair for that entire time, when they arrived in their homeland, they had hair down to their waists or even lower.\n\nWhen the lord of Mexico, who was called Ahuitzotzin, heard about the fame of these approaching merchants who had gone to Ayotlan and performed this feat, he promptly ordered that they be greeted in a most solemn manner. Many of the satraps and the other ministers of the temples went to greet them. Many of the nobles of Mexico who are called _tetecuhtin_ also went to greet them, along with other nobles who are called _achcacauhtin_. The satraps were carrying","html":"<p>the amber lip plugs and the ear ornaments called <em>quetzalcoyolnacochtli</em>; our black staffs called <em>xahuactopilli</em>; the fans or fly whisks called <em>coxolihehecacehuaztli</em>; the capes that we will wear, called <em>colotlalpilli</em>; and the <em>mastles</em> that are also called <em>colotlalpilli</em>. This will be our only payment and the sign of our bravery. And no other Mexican or merchant will use these prizes, for they were not with us during the struggles of this conquest.”</p>\n<p>And since these merchants spent four years conquering these lands and never cut their hair for that entire time, when they arrived in their homeland, they had hair down to their waists or even lower.</p>\n<p>When the lord of Mexico, who was called Ahuitzotzin, heard about the fame of these approaching merchants who had gone to Ayotlan and performed this feat, he promptly ordered that they be greeted in a most solemn manner. Many of the satraps and the other ministers of the temples went to greet them. Many of the nobles of Mexico who are called <em>tetecuhtin</em> also went to greet them, along with other nobles who are called <em>achcacauhtin</em>. The satraps were carrying</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"1d496c7a-1dbb-400a-80dc-dcd886cabea1","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[a]poçonaltentetl, ioan quetzalcoiolnacochtli: ioan xaoactopilli, ioan coxoliecaceoaztli. Auh izca in totilma, colotlalpilli tilmatli: auh in tomastli colotlalpilmastlatl: o isquich in in tasca, in totlatqui, in toneoquichitol iez: aiac uel quicuiz in isquichtin mexico nemi in puchteca, in oztomeca: in amo oallaque, in amo tohoan otlaihiiouique çan toneiscauil iez.\n\nAuh inic nauhxiuhtique, ompa aiotlan: in intzon uel in cuitlacaxiuhian oaluetztia, inic oaleoaque.\n\nAuh in oquicac, in intenio in auitzotzin: in ie uitze in puchteca, in oztomeca in ouiia Aiotlan: niman otlanaoati inic namicozque, uel isquich tlacatl oia, in tenamiquito: iehoantin oteiacantiaque in tlêtlenamacaque, in tlamacazque: niman iehehoantin in tetecuti, achcacauhti: Jn quitquitiaque tlamacazque, copalli, iiauhtli, tecuciztli in quipitztiaque: ioan intotoxi quimamamatiaque, iehoatl in copalxiqui[pilli:]","html":"<p>[a]poçonaltentetl, ioan quetzalcoiolnacochtli: ioan xaoactopilli, ioan coxoliecaceoaztli. Auh izca in totilma, colotlalpilli tilmatli: auh in tomastli colotlalpilmastlatl: o isquich in in tasca, in totlatqui, in toneoquichitol iez: aiac uel quicuiz in isquichtin mexico nemi in puchteca, in oztomeca: in amo oallaque, in amo tohoan otlaihiiouique çan toneiscauil iez.</p>\n<p>Auh inic nauhxiuhtique, ompa aiotlan: in intzon uel in cuitlacaxiuhian oaluetztia, inic oaleoaque.</p>\n<p>Auh in oquicac, in intenio in auitzotzin: in ie uitze in puchteca, in oztomeca in ouiia Aiotlan: niman otlanaoati inic namicozque, uel isquich tlacatl oia, in tenamiquito: iehoantin oteiacantiaque in tlêtlenamacaque, in tlamacazque: niman iehehoantin in tetecuti, achcacauhti: Jn quitquitiaque tlamacazque, copalli, iiauhtli, tecuciztli in quipitztiaque: ioan intotoxi quimamamatiaque, iehoatl in copalxiqui[pilli:]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"bc488bbf-5654-4954-a65c-64670fa90d8c","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"amber lip plugs, and curved, green, ear pendants with bells, and black staves, and crested guan feather fans.[^4] And behold our netted capes and our netted breech clouts,[^5] all our possessions, our goods, which will be witnesses of our valor. None of all the merchants, the vanguard merchants, who live in Mexico, who did not come, who did not suffer with us, may take them. It will be our exclusive privilege.&#8221;\n\nAnd since they had spent four years there in Ayotlan, their hair fell clear to their loins when they started away.\n\nAnd when Auitzotzin heard of their renown, when the merchants, the vanguard merchants, who had gone to Ayotlan were already coming, he then commanded that they be met. Indeed, everyone left to go to meet them. Those who took the lead were the fire [and other] priests; then the lords [and] constables.[^6] The priests went carrying[^7] *copal* [and] aromatic herbs, [and] blowing shell trumpets. And they went carrying their small bags upon their backs; these were \n\n\n\n\n[^4]: *Coxoliecaceoaztli. Coxolitl*:* Penelope purpurascens* Wagler. Friedmann *et al., op. cit*., Pt. 1, p. 68.\n\n\n[^5]: Rank insignia of tradesmen (Seler, *op. cit*., Vol. II, Pts. 3–4, p. 50); *geknüpfte Tuch mit den Skorpionen*, according to Eduard Seler: *Einige Kapitel aus dem Geschichtswerk des Fray Bernardino de Sahagun aus dem Aztekischen übersetzt* (Caecilie Seler-Sachs, Walter Lehmann, Walter Krickeberg, eds.; Stuttgart: Strecker and Schröder, 1927), p. 31. *Colotlapilli tilmatli* might also be translated as capes with twisted knots.\n\n\n[^6]: Cf. Anderson and Dibble, *op. cit*., Book VIII, p. 55 and n. 9; Sahagún (Garibay ed.), Vol. IV, p. 320.\n\n\n[^7]: The *Florentine Codex* omits *tlemaitl*, found in the *Real Academia de la Historia MS*, in Bernardino de Sahagún: *Historia general de las cosas de Nueva España* (Francisco del Paso y Troncoso, ed.; Madrid: Hauser y Menet, 1907; hereafter referred to as *Acad. Hist. MS*), fols. 26*r*–50*v*.","html":"<p>amber lip plugs, and curved, green, ear pendants with bells, and black staves, and crested guan feather fans.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> And behold our netted capes and our netted breech clouts,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> all our possessions, our goods, which will be witnesses of our valor. None of all the merchants, the vanguard merchants, who live in Mexico, who did not come, who did not suffer with us, may take them. It will be our exclusive privilege.”</p>\n<p>And since they had spent four years there in Ayotlan, their hair fell clear to their loins when they started away.</p>\n<p>And when Auitzotzin heard of their renown, when the merchants, the vanguard merchants, who had gone to Ayotlan were already coming, he then commanded that they be met. Indeed, everyone left to go to meet them. Those who took the lead were the fire [and other] priests; then the lords [and] constables.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup> The priests went carrying<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-4\"><a href=\"#fn-4\">4</a></sup> <em>copal</em> [and] aromatic herbs, [and] blowing shell trumpets. And they went carrying their small bags upon their backs; these were</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Coxoliecaceoaztli. Coxolitl</em>:* Penelope purpurascens* Wagler. Friedmann <em>et al., op. cit</em>., Pt. 1, p. 68.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>Rank insignia of tradesmen (Seler, <em>op. cit</em>., Vol. II, Pts. 3–4, p. 50); <em>geknüpfte Tuch mit den Skorpionen</em>, according to Eduard Seler: <em>Einige Kapitel aus dem Geschichtswerk des Fray Bernardino de Sahagun aus dem Aztekischen übersetzt</em> (Caecilie Seler-Sachs, Walter Lehmann, Walter Krickeberg, eds.; Stuttgart: Strecker and Schröder, 1927), p. 31. <em>Colotlapilli tilmatli</em> might also be translated as capes with twisted knots.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p>Cf. Anderson and Dibble, <em>op. cit</em>., Book VIII, p. 55 and n. 9; Sahagún (Garibay ed.), Vol. IV, p. 320.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-4\"><p>The <em>Florentine Codex</em> omits <em>tlemaitl</em>, found in the <em>Real Academia de la Historia MS</em>, in Bernardino de Sahagún: <em>Historia general de las cosas de Nueva España</em> (Francisco del Paso y Troncoso, ed.; Madrid: Hauser y Menet, 1907; hereafter referred to as <em>Acad. Hist. MS</em>), fols. 26<em>r</em>–50<em>v</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-4\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"3v"}