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los mercaderes"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores.","book_number":"9","total_folios":147,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"280ed316-fb34-426b-9542-15481dd6ed72","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"[descen]dían estos que eran los señores de la fiesta. Y llegando abaxo, y aquellos que estaban ajornalados de los señores de la fiesta para que los ayudasen, tomaban los esclavos ya muertos, y llevábanlos a su casa, yéndose con los dichos señores de la fiesta.\n\nY en llegando los mismos, aderezaban el cuerpo que llamaban _tlaaltilli_. Y cocíanle. Primero cocían el maíz que habían de dar juntamente con la carne. Y de la carne daban poca, sobre el maíz puesta. Ningún _chilli_ se mezclaba con la cocina ni con la carne. Solamente sal. Comían esta carne los que hacían el banquete y sus parientes. Desta manera dicha hacían banquete los mercaderes en la fiesta de _panquetzaliztli_. Y estos que hacían este banquete, todos los días que vivían guardaban los atavíos de aquellos esclavos que habían muerto, teniéndolos en una petaca guardados para memoria de aquella hazaña. Los atavíos eran las mantas y los mastles y las cotaras de los hombres, y las noas y huipiles y los demás aderezos de las mujeres. También los cabellos que habían arrancado de la coronilla de la cabeza estaban guardados con lo demás en esta divina petaca. Y cuando moría este que hizo el banquete, quemaban estas petacas con los atavíos que en ellos estaban a sus exequias. \n\n#### Capítulo XV de los oficiales que labran oro","html":"<p>[descen]dían estos que eran los señores de la fiesta. Y llegando abaxo, y aquellos que estaban ajornalados de los señores de la fiesta para que los ayudasen, tomaban los esclavos ya muertos, y llevábanlos a su casa, yéndose con los dichos señores de la fiesta.</p>\n<p>Y en llegando los mismos, aderezaban el cuerpo que llamaban <em>tlaaltilli</em>. Y cocíanle. Primero cocían el maíz que habían de dar juntamente con la carne. Y de la carne daban poca, sobre el maíz puesta. Ningún <em>chilli</em> se mezclaba con la cocina ni con la carne. Solamente sal. Comían esta carne los que hacían el banquete y sus parientes. Desta manera dicha hacían banquete los mercaderes en la fiesta de <em>panquetzaliztli</em>. Y estos que hacían este banquete, todos los días que vivían guardaban los atavíos de aquellos esclavos que habían muerto, teniéndolos en una petaca guardados para memoria de aquella hazaña. Los atavíos eran las mantas y los mastles y las cotaras de los hombres, y las noas y huipiles y los demás aderezos de las mujeres. También los cabellos que habían arrancado de la coronilla de la cabeza estaban guardados con lo demás en esta divina petaca. Y cuando moría este que hizo el banquete, quemaban estas petacas con los atavíos que en ellos estaban a sus exequias.</p>\n<h4>Capítulo XV de los oficiales que labran oro</h4>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"accb5cf6-6a1c-4d8c-83cc-ba54c626a438","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"And upon reaching the bottom, the ones who had been hired to help the lords of the feast would take the slaves [who were] already dead and carry them to their houses,[^96] setting off, along with these lords of the feast.\n\nAnd as soon as they all arrived, they would proceed to season the body that they called _tlaaltili_. And they would cook it. First, they cooked the maize that was to be served along with the meat. And they would only serve a little bit of meat, which was served on top of the maize. No _chilli_ was mixed with the cooked dish or with the meat—only salt. The ones who were holding the banquet and their relatives would eat this meat. In this manner just described, the merchants would hold a banquet during the festival of Panquetzaliztli. And the ones who were holding this banquet would keep the clothes of those slaves they had killed for the rest of their lives, keeping them safe inside a _petaca_,[^97] as a remembrance of that feat. The clothing consisted of the men’s capes, _mastles_, and sandals; and the women’s skirts,[^98] _huipiles_, and other adornments. The hairs that they had pulled off the crown of the [victim’s] head were also kept inside this divine _petaca_, along with the other things. And when the one who held the banquet died, they would burn these _petacas_, along with the clothing inside of them, during his funeral.\n\n#### Chapter fifteen: On the artisans who work gold\n\n\n[^96]: That is, to the houses of the owners of the sacrificed slaves.\n\n[^97]: _petaca_: Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl word _petlacalli_ (reed box).\n\n[^98]: “Skirts”: _naguas_.","html":"<p>And upon reaching the bottom, the ones who had been hired to help the lords of the feast would take the slaves [who were] already dead and carry them to their houses,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> setting off, along with these lords of the feast.</p>\n<p>And as soon as they all arrived, they would proceed to season the body that they called <em>tlaaltili</em>. And they would cook it. First, they cooked the maize that was to be served along with the meat. And they would only serve a little bit of meat, which was served on top of the maize. No <em>chilli</em> was mixed with the cooked dish or with the meat—only salt. The ones who were holding the banquet and their relatives would eat this meat. In this manner just described, the merchants would hold a banquet during the festival of Panquetzaliztli. And the ones who were holding this banquet would keep the clothes of those slaves they had killed for the rest of their lives, keeping them safe inside a <em>petaca</em>,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> as a remembrance of that feat. The clothing consisted of the men’s capes, <em>mastles</em>, and sandals; and the women’s skirts,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup> <em>huipiles</em>, and other adornments. The hairs that they had pulled off the crown of the [victim’s] head were also kept inside this divine <em>petaca</em>, along with the other things. And when the one who held the banquet died, they would burn these <em>petacas</em>, along with the clothing inside of them, during his funeral.</p>\n<h4>Chapter fifteen: On the artisans who work gold</h4>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>That is, to the houses of the owners of the sacrificed slaves.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>petaca</em>: Hispanicized form of the Nahuatl word <em>petlacalli</em> (reed box).<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p>“Skirts”: <em>naguas</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"0e57278f-7b6f-4b86-a5ff-44f028aa5526","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[Vitzi]lobuchtli ça ceppa in quioaliaoaloa, mochi tlacatl quimonitta in tlatzintlan mani:\n\nniman ie ic oaltemo, in oacico tlatzintlan, in ooaltemoc: in iehoantin quipaleuia tealtiani, oquiuiquilique in ichan in inacaio itlaaltil: niman ie ic iauh in ichan.\n\nAuh in ooia: niman hiciuhca quichichiuilia in itlaaltil, quipaoaci: nonqua quipaoaci in tlaolli, in ipan quitemacaia, çan isco quitlatlaliaia achitoton: atle chilli quinamiquia, çan iio iztatl quipoeliaia: uel isquichtin quiquaia in ioaiolque.\n\nO ca ihui, in, in mochioaia in ie uecauh inic tealtiaia in ipan panquetzaliztli.\nIn aquin iuh quichioaia, y, in tealtiaia: in quesquich cauitl tlalticpac oc nemia, isquich cauitl quipiaia in itepetlacal: in uncan quipiaia intlatqui in itlaaltilhoan catca: in inechichioaliz in isquich omito, in tilmatli, in mastlatl, in cactli, in cueitl, in uipilli, in ie mochi: atle mocaoa, mochi uel quimopieltia in ie isquich inpantzon quiteupetlacaltemaia. Auh quinicoac intla omic in tealtiani: ipan quitlatiaia.\n\n\n#### Inic castolli capitulo vncan motenehoa in isquichtin tlachichiuhque in moteneoa tulteca teucuitlahoaque tlatecque.","html":"<p>[Vitzi]lobuchtli ça ceppa in quioaliaoaloa, mochi tlacatl quimonitta in tlatzintlan mani:</p>\n<p>niman ie ic oaltemo, in oacico tlatzintlan, in ooaltemoc: in iehoantin quipaleuia tealtiani, oquiuiquilique in ichan in inacaio itlaaltil: niman ie ic iauh in ichan.</p>\n<p>Auh in ooia: niman hiciuhca quichichiuilia in itlaaltil, quipaoaci: nonqua quipaoaci in tlaolli, in ipan quitemacaia, çan isco quitlatlaliaia achitoton: atle chilli quinamiquia, çan iio iztatl quipoeliaia: uel isquichtin quiquaia in ioaiolque.</p>\n<p>O ca ihui, in, in mochioaia in ie uecauh inic tealtiaia in ipan panquetzaliztli.\nIn aquin iuh quichioaia, y, in tealtiaia: in quesquich cauitl tlalticpac oc nemia, isquich cauitl quipiaia in itepetlacal: in uncan quipiaia intlatqui in itlaaltilhoan catca: in inechichioaliz in isquich omito, in tilmatli, in mastlatl, in cactli, in cueitl, in uipilli, in ie mochi: atle mocaoa, mochi uel quimopieltia in ie isquich inpantzon quiteupetlacaltemaia. Auh quinicoac intla omic in tealtiani: ipan quitlatiaia.</p>\n<h4>Inic castolli capitulo vncan motenehoa in isquichtin tlachichiuhque in moteneoa tulteca teucuitlahoaque tlatecque.</h4>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"113fa2ef-1ed4-40bd-9ddd-208b5a76d909","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"Uitzilopochtli. Only once they circled [the image]. All those spread out at the [pyramid] base watched them.\n\nThereupon [the slave owner] descended. When he had come to reach the bottom, when he had descended, they who helped the bather of slaves carried home for him the body of his bathed slave. Thereupon [the slave owner] went to his home.\n\nAnd when he had gone [home], then they quickly prepared his bathed one. They cooked him in an *olla*. Separately, in an *olla*, they cooked the grains of maize. They served [his flesh] on it. They placed only a little on top of it. No chili did they add to it; they only sprinkled salt on it. Indeed all [the host&#8217;s] kinsmen ate of it.\n\nThus it is that it was done in days of old when they bathed slaves in [the month of] Panquetzaliztli.\n\nHe who did so, who bathed slaves, for as long as he still lived on earth, always guarded his sacred reed box.[^14] There he kept what had been the array of his bathed slave, all his adornment, all that has been mentioned: the cape, the breech clout, the sandals; the skirt, the shift, everything. Nothing was omitted; verily, all he guarded for himself. Indeed all the hair from the crowns of [the slaves&#8217;] heads he packed into the sacred reed box. And later, if the bather of slaves died, they burned [all this] for him.\n\n\n#### Fifteenth Chapter. Here are mentioned all the makers of fine ornaments called master craftsmen: the goldworkers and lapidaries.[^1]\n\n\n\n\n[^14]: Possibly *iteupetlacal* is meant.\n\n\n[^1]: In Chapters 15, 16, and 17, we are indebted to Mr. Dudley T. Easby, Jr., Secretary, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, for much help in technical points and terminology.","html":"<p>Uitzilopochtli. Only once they circled [the image]. All those spread out at the [pyramid] base watched them.</p>\n<p>Thereupon [the slave owner] descended. When he had come to reach the bottom, when he had descended, they who helped the bather of slaves carried home for him the body of his bathed slave. Thereupon [the slave owner] went to his home.</p>\n<p>And when he had gone [home], then they quickly prepared his bathed one. They cooked him in an <em>olla</em>. Separately, in an <em>olla</em>, they cooked the grains of maize. They served [his flesh] on it. They placed only a little on top of it. No chili did they add to it; they only sprinkled salt on it. Indeed all [the host’s] kinsmen ate of it.</p>\n<p>Thus it is that it was done in days of old when they bathed slaves in [the month of] Panquetzaliztli.</p>\n<p>He who did so, who bathed slaves, for as long as he still lived on earth, always guarded his sacred reed box.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> There he kept what had been the array of his bathed slave, all his adornment, all that has been mentioned: the cape, the breech clout, the sandals; the skirt, the shift, everything. Nothing was omitted; verily, all he guarded for himself. Indeed all the hair from the crowns of [the slaves’] heads he packed into the sacred reed box. And later, if the bather of slaves died, they burned [all this] for him.</p>\n<h4>Fifteenth Chapter. Here are mentioned all the makers of fine ornaments called master craftsmen: the goldworkers and lapidaries.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup></h4>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Possibly <em>iteupetlacal</em> is meant.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>In Chapters 15, 16, and 17, we are indebted to Mr. Dudley T. Easby, Jr., Secretary, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, for much help in technical points and terminology.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"48r"}