{"id":"b08e551e-aa9c-406c-b9b4-546d9f70f368","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/49r/","folio":"49r","book":"9"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/48v/","folio":"48v","book":"9"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/49v/","folio":"49v","book":"9"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de 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los mercaderes"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores.","book_number":"9","total_folios":147,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"bd5ee5cd-ebe5-48dd-b7d5-5e25dd901ede","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"preciosos: el uno dellos era una corona que llamaban _iteuquecholtzon_ o _itlauhquecholtzon_, \"corona hecha muy curiosamente y de plumas preciosas\", y las mismas plumas le servían por cabellera. Poníanle en las narices una media luna de oro, encaxada en la ternilla que divide la una ventana de la nariz de la otra. Poníanle también unas orejeras de oro. Dábanle en la mano derecha un báculo que estaba hueco de dentro, y tenía sonajas, el cual, en moviéndole para andar, luego las sonajas hacían sus son. Poníanle en la mano izquierda una rodela de oro, como las usan los de Anáhuac. Poníanle unas cotaras bermejas, como armagradas. Tenía pintado el cuello de la cotara con plumas de codorniz sembradas por todo él. Llevaba por divisa y plumaje a cuestas, atado a las espaldas, tres banderillas de papel que se movían como las daba el viento, haciendo un sonido de papel. Componíanle también con unas naoas que llamaban _tzapucuéitl_, hechas de pluma rica que se llama _chilchótic_ y _quetzalhuitztli_, que hacían unas bandas por todas las naoas que parecía como enverdugado. Poníanle al cuello un juel ancho, de oro de martillo, que llamaban _ehuacózcatl_. Aparejábanle sentaderos o sillas en que se sentase, que llamaban _tzapoicpalli_. Estando sentado este dios o diosa, o por mejor decir diablo","html":"<p>preciosos: el uno dellos era una corona que llamaban <em>iteuquecholtzon</em> o <em>itlauhquecholtzon</em>, &quot;corona hecha muy curiosamente y de plumas preciosas&quot;, y las mismas plumas le servían por cabellera. Poníanle en las narices una media luna de oro, encaxada en la ternilla que divide la una ventana de la nariz de la otra. Poníanle también unas orejeras de oro. Dábanle en la mano derecha un báculo que estaba hueco de dentro, y tenía sonajas, el cual, en moviéndole para andar, luego las sonajas hacían sus son. Poníanle en la mano izquierda una rodela de oro, como las usan los de Anáhuac. Poníanle unas cotaras bermejas, como armagradas. Tenía pintado el cuello de la cotara con plumas de codorniz sembradas por todo él. Llevaba por divisa y plumaje a cuestas, atado a las espaldas, tres banderillas de papel que se movían como las daba el viento, haciendo un sonido de papel. Componíanle también con unas naoas que llamaban <em>tzapucuéitl</em>, hechas de pluma rica que se llama <em>chilchótic</em> y <em>quetzalhuitztli</em>, que hacían unas bandas por todas las naoas que parecía como enverdugado. Poníanle al cuello un juel ancho, de oro de martillo, que llamaban <em>ehuacózcatl</em>. Aparejábanle sentaderos o sillas en que se sentase, que llamaban <em>tzapoicpalli</em>. Estando sentado este dios o diosa, o por mejor decir diablo</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"ba98bb77-c128-4f2e-a7fa-8c1e0ed43d12","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"one of these was a crown that they called _iteuhquecholtzon_ or _itlauhquecholtzon_, “crown made very artfully with precious feathers,” and the feathers themselves functioned as a wig for him. They would put in his nose a gold half-moon inserted in the cartilage that divides one nostril from the other. They would also put some gold ear ornaments on him. They would give him [to hold] in his right hand a staff that was hollow inside and had rattles, which he would move as he walked in such a way that the rattles would then make their sound. They would place in his left hand a gold shield, like the ones that the people from Anahuac use. They would put on him some sandals that were vermilion red, as if covered in red ocher. The heel of the sandal was painted with quail feathers scattered all over its surface. As his insignia and feather ornament, he would wear on his shoulders and tied to his back three small paper flags that moved as the wind blew them, making a paper-like sound. They would also dress him in some skirts[^99] that they called _tzapocueitl_, which was made with a valuable feather that is called _chilchotic_ and _quetzalhuitztli_. These [feathers] were displayed in rows all over the skirt, making it look as if it were covered in green shoots. Around his neck they would place a broad jewel made of hammered gold, which they called _ehuacozcatl_. They would prepare seats or chairs for him to sit on, which they called _tzapoicpalli_. While this god or goddess (or better to say, this devil or she-devil) was sitting there, \n\n\n[^99]: “Skirts”: _naguas_.","html":"<p>one of these was a crown that they called <em>iteuhquecholtzon</em> or <em>itlauhquecholtzon</em>, “crown made very artfully with precious feathers,” and the feathers themselves functioned as a wig for him. They would put in his nose a gold half-moon inserted in the cartilage that divides one nostril from the other. They would also put some gold ear ornaments on him. They would give him [to hold] in his right hand a staff that was hollow inside and had rattles, which he would move as he walked in such a way that the rattles would then make their sound. They would place in his left hand a gold shield, like the ones that the people from Anahuac use. They would put on him some sandals that were vermilion red, as if covered in red ocher. The heel of the sandal was painted with quail feathers scattered all over its surface. As his insignia and feather ornament, he would wear on his shoulders and tied to his back three small paper flags that moved as the wind blew them, making a paper-like sound. They would also dress him in some skirts<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> that they called <em>tzapocueitl</em>, which was made with a valuable feather that is called <em>chilchotic</em> and <em>quetzalhuitztli</em>. These [feathers] were displayed in rows all over the skirt, making it look as if it were covered in green shoots. Around his neck they would place a broad jewel made of hammered gold, which they called <em>ehuacozcatl</em>. They would prepare seats or chairs for him to sit on, which they called <em>tzapoicpalli</em>. While this god or goddess (or better to say, this devil or she-devil) was sitting there,</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“Skirts”: <em>naguas</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"8ffbc40c-efbb-4094-bb0b-2ad0298ab044","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"[iteucuitla]iacametz, ioan iteucuitlanacoch, ioan ichicaoaz cacalacaia, imaiauhcampa quitzitzquiaia: in icoac tlalpan quitilquetza cacalaca, ioan ichimal ietinēca teucuitlaanahoacaio: auh in icac tlatlauhqui, ioan moçolichiuh çolihuitl in isco quitzetzelo, ioan ei mani in iamapan quimamaia icampa cuecuetlacatiuh: ioan itzapocue, mochi tlaçoihuitl in tlachioalli: ieh in moteneoa chilchotic quetzaluitztli, tlauipantli, i cuecuentitoc inic tlacencaoalli, in izquican icac tlaçoihuitl, ioan iiehoacozqui, teucuitlatl in tlatzotzontli, in tlacanaoallj ioan itzapoicpal.\n\nAuh inic quitlamaniliaia: centlamantli tlascalli in quichichioaia, itoca uilocpalli, amo nestamalli in tlamantli, çan tlaoltestli, iotestli in quichioaia, in quitlascalohoaia, mochi ocholli quimacaia: ioan in isquich achtopa mochioaia suchiqualli, ioan in iancuican cueponi suchitl, mochi achtopa ispan quiçaia inic quimauiztiliaia.\n\nAuh inic tetlattitiaia, mitotiaia, momamamantinemi in ichimal: ioan quitilquetztinemi in ichicaoaz. Çatepan quinecaliltiliaia, cauiltiaia cequintin, ompa concaoaia in itocaiocan Totecco: no ompa ihcaca ixiptla in totec","html":"<p>[iteucuitla]iacametz, ioan iteucuitlanacoch, ioan ichicaoaz cacalacaia, imaiauhcampa quitzitzquiaia: in icoac tlalpan quitilquetza cacalaca, ioan ichimal ietinēca teucuitlaanahoacaio: auh in icac tlatlauhqui, ioan moçolichiuh çolihuitl in isco quitzetzelo, ioan ei mani in iamapan quimamaia icampa cuecuetlacatiuh: ioan itzapocue, mochi tlaçoihuitl in tlachioalli: ieh in moteneoa chilchotic quetzaluitztli, tlauipantli, i cuecuentitoc inic tlacencaoalli, in izquican icac tlaçoihuitl, ioan iiehoacozqui, teucuitlatl in tlatzotzontli, in tlacanaoallj ioan itzapoicpal.</p>\n<p>Auh inic quitlamaniliaia: centlamantli tlascalli in quichichioaia, itoca uilocpalli, amo nestamalli in tlamantli, çan tlaoltestli, iotestli in quichioaia, in quitlascalohoaia, mochi ocholli quimacaia: ioan in isquich achtopa mochioaia suchiqualli, ioan in iancuican cueponi suchitl, mochi achtopa ispan quiçaia inic quimauiztiliaia.</p>\n<p>Auh inic tetlattitiaia, mitotiaia, momamamantinemi in ichimal: ioan quitilquetztinemi in ichicaoaz. Çatepan quinecaliltiliaia, cauiltiaia cequintin, ompa concaoaia in itocaiocan Totecco: no ompa ihcaca ixiptla in totec</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"5340c75c-0616-4043-aa71-8d0dd43483e0","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"his gold nose crescent, and his golden ear plugs. And his rattle stick rattled as he grasped it in his right hand; when he thrust it in the ground it rattled. And he had with him his shield with a golden circle. And his sandals were red and adorned with quail feathers. Thus was the quail adornment:[^4] quail feathers were strewn on the surface. And there were his three paper flags which he carried on his back, which went rustling. And his sapote leaf skirt was made of all precious feathers, those known as pointed quetzal feathers,[^5] the color of green chili, arranged—prepared—in rows; everywhere there were precious feathers. And his [human] skin collar was of gold beaten thin. And he had his sapote leaf seat.\n\nAnd thus did they offer him gifts. They made a kind of *tortilla* by the name of *uilocpalli*.[^6] They made—formed—*tortillas* not of lime-treated maize kernels, [but] only of ground dried maize kernels, of flour. And they gave all manner of maize ear clusters,[^7] and all the first formed fruits and newly opened flowers. All this passed first before him to pay him honor.\n\nAnd thus [the impersonator] exhibited [the devices]: he danced, he went brandishing his shield; and he went thrusting his rattle board into the ground. Later they skirmished with him; some harried him. They left him there at the place called Totecco. There, too, stood the image of Totec, \n\n\n\n\n[^4]: In the *Acad. Hist. MS, yoan* is followed by *moçolichiuh*:* ynic*.\n\n\n[^5]: Sahagún (Garibay ed.), IX, Adiciones xv, 7, h: *&#8221;y su faldellín de (hojas) de zapote, todo de hechura de plumas finas*: *eran las llamadas &#8216;chiles&#8217; y &#8216;espinas de quetzal.&#8217; &#8220;*\n\n\n[^6]: *Uilocpalli*: *&#8221;vna manera de tortas &#8230; de mahiz molido, sin cozer hechas&#8221;* (corresponding Spanish text); see also Anderson and Dibble, *op. cit*., Book II, p. 53, n. 25.\n\n\n[^7]: *Ocholli*: *&#8221;manojuelos de maçorcas de mahiz, que apartan para semjlla&#8221;* (corresponding Spanish text).","html":"<p>his gold nose crescent, and his golden ear plugs. And his rattle stick rattled as he grasped it in his right hand; when he thrust it in the ground it rattled. And he had with him his shield with a golden circle. And his sandals were red and adorned with quail feathers. Thus was the quail adornment:<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> quail feathers were strewn on the surface. And there were his three paper flags which he carried on his back, which went rustling. And his sapote leaf skirt was made of all precious feathers, those known as pointed quetzal feathers,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> the color of green chili, arranged—prepared—in rows; everywhere there were precious feathers. And his [human] skin collar was of gold beaten thin. And he had his sapote leaf seat.</p>\n<p>And thus did they offer him gifts. They made a kind of <em>tortilla</em> by the name of <em>uilocpalli</em>.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup> They made—formed—<em>tortillas</em> not of lime-treated maize kernels, [but] only of ground dried maize kernels, of flour. And they gave all manner of maize ear clusters,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-4\"><a href=\"#fn-4\">4</a></sup> and all the first formed fruits and newly opened flowers. All this passed first before him to pay him honor.</p>\n<p>And thus [the impersonator] exhibited [the devices]: he danced, he went brandishing his shield; and he went thrusting his rattle board into the ground. Later they skirmished with him; some harried him. They left him there at the place called Totecco. There, too, stood the image of Totec,</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>In the <em>Acad. Hist. MS, yoan</em> is followed by <em>moçolichiuh</em>:* ynic*.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>Sahagún (Garibay ed.), IX, Adiciones xv, 7, h: <em>”y su faldellín de (hojas) de zapote, todo de hechura de plumas finas</em>: <em>eran las llamadas ‘chiles’ y ‘espinas de quetzal.’ “</em><a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p><em>Uilocpalli</em>: <em>”vna manera de tortas … de mahiz molido, sin cozer hechas”</em> (corresponding Spanish text); see also Anderson and Dibble, <em>op. cit</em>., Book II, p. 53, n. 25.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-4\"><p><em>Ocholli</em>: <em>”manojuelos de maçorcas de mahiz, que apartan para semjlla”</em> (corresponding Spanish text).<a href=\"#fnref-4\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"49r"}