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los mercaderes"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores.","book_number":"9","total_folios":147,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"621b6850-d940-425f-b78e-56c4dbfc3868","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"o diablesa, ofrecíanle una manera de tortas que llaman _huilocpalli_ de maíz molido, sin cocer, hechas. Ofrecíanle también manojuelas de mazorcas de maíz que apartan para semilla. También le ofrecían las primicias de la fruta y las primeras flores que nacían aquel año. Con estas ofrendas le honraban. Yendo andando iba haciendo meneos de danza, con gran pompa, meneando la rodela y el báculo, haciéndole sonar a propósito del baile que hacía. Después desto hacían un exercicio de guerta con este Tótec.\n\nTodo lo que dice esta letra son las cerimonias que se hacían en esta fiesta, que se llama _tozoztontli_; declaróse en su lugar en el Segundo Libro, que trata de las fiestas que se hacían a los dioses. Allí se podrá ver.","html":"<p>o diablesa, ofrecíanle una manera de tortas que llaman <em>huilocpalli</em> de maíz molido, sin cocer, hechas. Ofrecíanle también manojuelas de mazorcas de maíz que apartan para semilla. También le ofrecían las primicias de la fruta y las primeras flores que nacían aquel año. Con estas ofrendas le honraban. Yendo andando iba haciendo meneos de danza, con gran pompa, meneando la rodela y el báculo, haciéndole sonar a propósito del baile que hacía. Después desto hacían un exercicio de guerta con este Tótec.</p>\n<p>Todo lo que dice esta letra son las cerimonias que se hacían en esta fiesta, que se llama <em>tozoztontli</em>; declaróse en su lugar en el Segundo Libro, que trata de las fiestas que se hacían a los dioses. Allí se podrá ver.</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"b6e02677-5abc-4cc9-90fe-1b51ffbd62bb","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"they would offer him or her a type of pancake that they call _huilocpalli_, made of uncooked ground maize. They would also offer him or her small clusters of the maize cobs that they store separately to use as seeds.[^100] They would also offer him or her the first fruits and the first flowers that bloomed that year. They would honor him or her with these offerings. [Totec] would be performing dance moves with great pomp as he or she advanced and went by, swinging the shield and the staff, making it sound to the beat of the dance that he or she was performing. After this, they would conduct a battle skirmish with this Totec.[^101]\n\nEverything that is stated in the [rest of the Nahuatl] text concerns the ceremonies that were performed during this festival, which was called Tozoztontli. It was explained in its proper place in the second book, which deals with the festivals that were celebrated for the gods. It can be found there.\n\n\n[^100]: “They would also offer . . . seeds”: “Ofrecíanle también manojuelos de mazorcas de maíz que apartan para semilla.” The corresponding Nahuatl text reads, “Anozo ocholli, centlalpilli, ontlalpilli: ixpan quihuallalilia” (Or they came to lay down before him clusters [of maize cobs], one or two of them). Molina (_Arte_, s.v. _ocholli_) defines _ocholli_ as “colgajo de uvas o cosa semejante” (bunch of grapes or of something similar). A woman holding an _ocholli_ can be seen in the manuscript illustration on fol. 49v.\n\n[^101]: “After this . . . Totec”: “Después desto hacían un exercicio de guerra con este Tótec.” Cf. the Nahuatl equivalent: “Çatepan quinecaliltiliaia, cauiltiaia.”","html":"<p>they would offer him or her a type of pancake that they call <em>huilocpalli</em>, made of uncooked ground maize. They would also offer him or her small clusters of the maize cobs that they store separately to use as seeds.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> They would also offer him or her the first fruits and the first flowers that bloomed that year. They would honor him or her with these offerings. [Totec] would be performing dance moves with great pomp as he or she advanced and went by, swinging the shield and the staff, making it sound to the beat of the dance that he or she was performing. After this, they would conduct a battle skirmish with this Totec.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup></p>\n<p>Everything that is stated in the [rest of the Nahuatl] text concerns the ceremonies that were performed during this festival, which was called Tozoztontli. It was explained in its proper place in the second book, which deals with the festivals that were celebrated for the gods. It can be found there.</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>“They would also offer . . . seeds”: “Ofrecíanle también manojuelos de mazorcas de maíz que apartan para semilla.” The corresponding Nahuatl text reads, “Anozo ocholli, centlalpilli, ontlalpilli: ixpan quihuallalilia” (Or they came to lay down before him clusters [of maize cobs], one or two of them). Molina (<em>Arte</em>, s.v. <em>ocholli</em>) defines <em>ocholli</em> as “colgajo de uvas o cosa semejante” (bunch of grapes or of something similar). A woman holding an <em>ocholli</em> can be seen in the manuscript illustration on fol. 49v.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>“After this . . . Totec”: “Después desto hacían un exercicio de guerra con este Tótec.” Cf. the Nahuatl equivalent: “Çatepan quinecaliltiliaia, cauiltiaia.”<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"0240fd5f-cbe8-4ba7-bda9-fb6b1d7dcb36","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"tetl in tlaxixintli moquetzticaca: ompa moiaoaia in isquichtin cahuiltiaia: in onnecaoaloc cahuiltia totec: niman ie no cuel ie ic tepan cacalaqui, mochi tlatl quinotza in maceoalti: conilhuiaia in cihoa totectzin, ma oc ie nican timouicatz: niman ic quioallalilia in itzapoicpal, nouian quichieltiaia, ioan quioalmacaia, ispan quioalmana in uilocpalli, in ica ochioaloc, anoço ocholli, centlalpilli, ontlalpilli: ispan quioallalilia, ioan in çaço tlein tlaqualli ipan oacic, in oquipantili mochi quimacaia: auh amo quiquaia, çan tequitl ispan onquiça, concuiliaia, conjcoaniliaia in quiuicatinemi in quitlacuexanilhuiaia: inic tepan cacalaquia.\n\nAuh in iuh nenca, y, cenpoalilhuitl, in onactinenca ehoatl: icoac moueuelohoaia, motlatlaliaia, moxixitiniaia, in icoac ehoatlatiloia, inic cempoliuj imehoaio, in isquichtin mamalti in oquixipeuhque, oztoc conmamaiahuia: ipan in mochioaia, y, toçoztontli.\n\nAuh in ompa iteupan totec, in jtocaioca, iopico: ompa onhuiia,","html":"<p>tetl in tlaxixintli moquetzticaca: ompa moiaoaia in isquichtin cahuiltiaia: in onnecaoaloc cahuiltia totec: niman ie no cuel ie ic tepan cacalaqui, mochi tlatl quinotza in maceoalti: conilhuiaia in cihoa totectzin, ma oc ie nican timouicatz: niman ic quioallalilia in itzapoicpal, nouian quichieltiaia, ioan quioalmacaia, ispan quioalmana in uilocpalli, in ica ochioaloc, anoço ocholli, centlalpilli, ontlalpilli: ispan quioallalilia, ioan in çaço tlein tlaqualli ipan oacic, in oquipantili mochi quimacaia: auh amo quiquaia, çan tequitl ispan onquiça, concuiliaia, conjcoaniliaia in quiuicatinemi in quitlacuexanilhuiaia: inic tepan cacalaquia.</p>\n<p>Auh in iuh nenca, y, cenpoalilhuitl, in onactinenca ehoatl: icoac moueuelohoaia, motlatlaliaia, moxixitiniaia, in icoac ehoatlatiloia, inic cempoliuj imehoaio, in isquichtin mamalti in oquixipeuhque, oztoc conmamaiahuia: ipan in mochioaia, y, toçoztontli.</p>\n<p>Auh in ompa iteupan totec, in jtocaioca, iopico: ompa onhuiia,</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"267a5eb3-4398-4b41-bd7a-6f477b8aea53","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"standing carved of stone. There were spread out all who harried him. When the harrying of Totec ceased, then again he went from house to house.[^8] Everyone[^9] of the common folk called out to him; the women said to him: &#8220;Our lord, come here!&#8221; Then they came to place for him his sapote leaf seat. They awaited him everywhere. They gave him, they laid down before him the *uilocpalli*. which had been made for him; perhaps they came to lay down before him clusters of maize ears, one or two bunches, and whatever food had arrived for him, [or] which he had come upon. They gave him all. But he did not eat it; it only came before him. They took it from him; they removed it elsewhere. They went taking it away; they carried it off in the folds of their capes. For thus were alms sought[^10] when he went from house to house.\n\nAnd when he had lived thus for twenty days, going about wearing the [human] skin, then it was removed, disposed of, destroyed. This was the time of the hiding of skins; when the skins of all the captives whom they had flayed vanished completely. They cast them into a cave. This was done in [the month of] Toçoztontli.\n\nAnd there to the Temple of Totec, at the place called Yopico, there went \n\n\n\n\n[^8]: Cf. Anderson and Dibble, *op. cit*., Book I, p. 17; II, p. 49.\n\n\n[^9]: *Tlatl*: *tlacatl* in the *Acad. Hist. MS*.\n\n\n[^10]: In *ibid., ca yc motlatlayehuiaia* precedes *inic tepan cacalaquia*.","html":"<p>standing carved of stone. There were spread out all who harried him. When the harrying of Totec ceased, then again he went from house to house.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> Everyone<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> of the common folk called out to him; the women said to him: “Our lord, come here!” Then they came to place for him his sapote leaf seat. They awaited him everywhere. They gave him, they laid down before him the <em>uilocpalli</em>. which had been made for him; perhaps they came to lay down before him clusters of maize ears, one or two bunches, and whatever food had arrived for him, [or] which he had come upon. They gave him all. But he did not eat it; it only came before him. They took it from him; they removed it elsewhere. They went taking it away; they carried it off in the folds of their capes. For thus were alms sought<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-3\"><a href=\"#fn-3\">3</a></sup> when he went from house to house.</p>\n<p>And when he had lived thus for twenty days, going about wearing the [human] skin, then it was removed, disposed of, destroyed. This was the time of the hiding of skins; when the skins of all the captives whom they had flayed vanished completely. They cast them into a cave. This was done in [the month of] Toçoztontli.</p>\n<p>And there to the Temple of Totec, at the place called Yopico, there went</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p>Cf. Anderson and Dibble, <em>op. cit</em>., Book I, p. 17; II, p. 49.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p><em>Tlatl</em>: <em>tlacatl</em> in the <em>Acad. Hist. MS</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-3\"><p>In <em>ibid., ca yc motlatlayehuiaia</em> precedes <em>inic tepan cacalaquia</em>.<a href=\"#fnref-3\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"49v"}