{"id":"3a3e208f-0ba7-4e36-995d-7ae592388bc7","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/59v/","folio":"59v","book":"9"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/59r/","folio":"59r","book":"9"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/60r/","folio":"60r","book":"9"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/770f5436-fce2-4d19-b8d4-c27da031ff70/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/770f5436-fce2-4d19-b8d4-c27da031ff70/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/770f5436-fce2-4d19-b8d4-c27da031ff70/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/770f5436-fce2-4d19-b8d4-c27da031ff70/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/770f5436-fce2-4d19-b8d4-c27da031ff70/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/770f5436-fce2-4d19-b8d4-c27da031ff70/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/770f5436-fce2-4d19-b8d4-c27da031ff70/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/2_367v.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/770f5436-fce2-4d19-b8d4-c27da031ff70/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_2_9.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/4166df0d-33b4-44a8-a1df-1077c7938d85/","canvas_label":{"en":["59v"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","book_title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores.","book_number":"9","total_folios":147,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"cc45eb87-5f9d-4091-a6d1-13679b6f7d0d","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"Cuando se hacía la fiesta, todos los viejos amantecas se juntaban en el barrio de Amantlan. Allí cantaban y hacían velar a todos los que habían de morir a honra de aquellos dioses. Y tenían costumbre, para aquietar el miedo a los que habían de morir, para que no temiesen a la muerte, dábanles a beber un bebraje que llaman _itzpactli_. Este bebraje desatinaba o emborrachaba, para que cuando les cortasen los pechos estuviesen sin sentido. \n\nHabía algunos destos esclavos alocados que ellos mismos, corriendo, se subían a lo alto del cu, deseando que los matasen de presto, deseando de acabar presto la vida.\n\nLa segunda vez cuando hacían fiesta a estos dioses, que se llamaba _tlaxuchimaco_, no mataban a ningún esclavo. Hacían entonce la fiesta a honra de las dos diosas, que la una se llamaba Xiuhtlati y la otra Xilo. También esta honra la enderezaban a honra de los otros cinco dioses. En esta fiesta todas","html":"<p>Cuando se hacía la fiesta, todos los viejos amantecas se juntaban en el barrio de Amantlan. Allí cantaban y hacían velar a todos los que habían de morir a honra de aquellos dioses. Y tenían costumbre, para aquietar el miedo a los que habían de morir, para que no temiesen a la muerte, dábanles a beber un bebraje que llaman <em>itzpactli</em>. Este bebraje desatinaba o emborrachaba, para que cuando les cortasen los pechos estuviesen sin sentido.</p>\n<p>Había algunos destos esclavos alocados que ellos mismos, corriendo, se subían a lo alto del cu, deseando que los matasen de presto, deseando de acabar presto la vida.</p>\n<p>La segunda vez cuando hacían fiesta a estos dioses, que se llamaba <em>tlaxuchimaco</em>, no mataban a ningún esclavo. Hacían entonce la fiesta a honra de las dos diosas, que la una se llamaba Xiuhtlati y la otra Xilo. También esta honra la enderezaban a honra de los otros cinco dioses. En esta fiesta todas</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"74d4e3e4-a360-40ce-8d4c-743b00f61aa7","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"They would dress him in all the garments of that god, as were described above. And if the one who organized the festival happened to be a person of means, he would kill two, three, or more slaves who were called _tlaaltilin_, in honor of those gods. And if he did not happen to be a person of means, then he would kill one [slave] in honor of that god called Coyotl Inahual.\n\nWhen the festival was celebrated, all the older _amantecas_ would get together in the barrio of Amantla. They would be singing there and making all those who were about to die in honor of those gods stay awake [and keep vigil]. And in order to calm the fear of those who were about to die, they had the custom of giving them a concoction that they call _itzpactli_ to drink, so that they would not fear death. This draft made one numb or drunk, so that they would be senseless when they cut open their chests.\n\nSome of these slaves would become so wild that they would run up by themselves to the top of the _cu_, eager to be killed at once, wishing to end their lives quickly.\n\nThe second time that they celebrated a festival for these gods, [during the month] that was called Tlaxochimaco, they would not kill any slaves. At that time, they celebrated a festival in honor of the two goddesses, for one was called Xiuhtlati, and the other one, Xilo. They also dedicated this ceremony to honoring the other five gods.\n\nDuring this festival, all","html":"<p>They would dress him in all the garments of that god, as were described above. And if the one who organized the festival happened to be a person of means, he would kill two, three, or more slaves who were called <em>tlaaltilin</em>, in honor of those gods. And if he did not happen to be a person of means, then he would kill one [slave] in honor of that god called Coyotl Inahual.</p>\n<p>When the festival was celebrated, all the older <em>amantecas</em> would get together in the barrio of Amantla. They would be singing there and making all those who were about to die in honor of those gods stay awake [and keep vigil]. And in order to calm the fear of those who were about to die, they had the custom of giving them a concoction that they call <em>itzpactli</em> to drink, so that they would not fear death. This draft made one numb or drunk, so that they would be senseless when they cut open their chests.</p>\n<p>Some of these slaves would become so wild that they would run up by themselves to the top of the <em>cu</em>, eager to be killed at once, wishing to end their lives quickly.</p>\n<p>The second time that they celebrated a festival for these gods, [during the month] that was called Tlaxochimaco, they would not kill any slaves. At that time, they celebrated a festival in honor of the two goddesses, for one was called Xiuhtlati, and the other one, Xilo. They also dedicated this ceremony to honoring the other five gods.</p>\n<p>During this festival, all</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"a8eafa84-7188-4e57-981c-717e62d90cd5","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"in ixiptla coiotl inaoal.\n\nAuh in icoac, y, in isquichtin in ueueiohoan, amanteca: mochintin oncan cenquiça in incalpulco, oncan quincuicatia quintozçauiia in quezquinti miquizque, teixiptlaoan, iuh quitoa: inic amo miquizmauhque iezque, inic amo quimacacizque miquiztli, achtopa quimitiaia in quitocaiotiaia itzpactli: quilmach iuhquin ic quiniolpoloaia: ic quiniolmictiaia, inic aocmo momauhtizque: in icoac quimeltetequizque, iuhquinma ic ihuinti: tlapoloa in iniollo. Conitoa, in aca tlaaltilli: iuhquin iollotlaueliloc muchioa, ça monomatlecauia, motlalotitleco in icpac Diablo: coneleuia, conmonectia in macuele ontlacoti ompopoliui.\n\nAuh in icoac ic oppa imilhuiuh quiçaia: icoac in motenehoaia tlasuchimaco, aocac miquia, ça miscauiaia in quinmauiztiliaia vmētin cihoa in xiuhtlati ioan xilo: tel ic quincenmauiztiliaia in in[teuhoan:]","html":"<p>in ixiptla coiotl inaoal.</p>\n<p>Auh in icoac, y, in isquichtin in ueueiohoan, amanteca: mochintin oncan cenquiça in incalpulco, oncan quincuicatia quintozçauiia in quezquinti miquizque, teixiptlaoan, iuh quitoa: inic amo miquizmauhque iezque, inic amo quimacacizque miquiztli, achtopa quimitiaia in quitocaiotiaia itzpactli: quilmach iuhquin ic quiniolpoloaia: ic quiniolmictiaia, inic aocmo momauhtizque: in icoac quimeltetequizque, iuhquinma ic ihuinti: tlapoloa in iniollo. Conitoa, in aca tlaaltilli: iuhquin iollotlaueliloc muchioa, ça monomatlecauia, motlalotitleco in icpac Diablo: coneleuia, conmonectia in macuele ontlacoti ompopoliui.</p>\n<p>Auh in icoac ic oppa imilhuiuh quiçaia: icoac in motenehoaia tlasuchimaco, aocac miquia, ça miscauiaia in quinmauiztiliaia vmētin cihoa in xiuhtlati ioan xilo: tel ic quincenmauiztiliaia in in[teuhoan:]</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"ad6541ac-fc36-458f-a4c6-333f0abaf841","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"the likeness of Coyotl inaual.\n\nAnd when this happened, all the old men of Amantlan, every one, gathered there in their *calpulli* temple; there they provided song, they held vigil for all who were to die as likenesses [of the gods]. They said that in order that they would not fear, that they would not dread death, they first made them drink what they called the obsidian medicine. It is said that apparently by means of it they deprived them of their senses, of their consciousness, so that no longer would they be afraid at the time that they cut open their breasts. It was as if they were besotted; they lost their senses. They say that some of the bathed ones became deranged; quite of their own wills they climbed—ran—up to the top [of the temple] of the devil, longing for—seeking—[death], even though they were to suffer, to perish.\n\nAnd when for the second time their feast day arrived, when it was [the month] called Tlaxochimaco, none died. They concerned themselves only with paying honor to the two women, Xiuhtlati and Xilo, although in doing so they did honor to all","html":"<p>the likeness of Coyotl inaual.</p>\n<p>And when this happened, all the old men of Amantlan, every one, gathered there in their <em>calpulli</em> temple; there they provided song, they held vigil for all who were to die as likenesses [of the gods]. They said that in order that they would not fear, that they would not dread death, they first made them drink what they called the obsidian medicine. It is said that apparently by means of it they deprived them of their senses, of their consciousness, so that no longer would they be afraid at the time that they cut open their breasts. It was as if they were besotted; they lost their senses. They say that some of the bathed ones became deranged; quite of their own wills they climbed—ran—up to the top [of the temple] of the devil, longing for—seeking—[death], even though they were to suffer, to perish.</p>\n<p>And when for the second time their feast day arrived, when it was [the month] called Tlaxochimaco, none died. They concerned themselves only with paying honor to the two women, Xiuhtlati and Xilo, although in doing so they did honor to all</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"59v"}