{"id":"0ef5aea5-6f38-42e1-b3a9-469250ee4452","url":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/9v/","folio":"9v","book":"9"},"navigation":{"previous":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/9r/","folio":"9r","book":"9"},"next":{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/folio/10r/","folio":"10r","book":"9"},"books":[{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/10/","id":"277dfbfe-14e9-4f94-8c76-31fdbca7930e","bookNumber":10,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["People"],"es":["De la gente"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la historia general: explica los vicios y virtudes, tanto espirituales como corporales, de todo tipo de personas."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/11/","id":"32c2e71c-4923-47f6-a128-e3c0d458cf38","bookNumber":11,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Forest, Garden, Orchard"],"es":["Bosque, jardín, vergel"]},"subtitle":"Sobre las propiedades de los animales, pájaros, peces, árboles, hierbas, flores, metales y piedras, y sobre los colores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/12/","id":"874b2751-4db1-4d46-802a-08b6100a0637","bookNumber":12,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/607973e9-6dfd-49bd-8617-f24e3b6eddc1/","volume":"3","title":{"en":["Conquest of Mexico"],"es":["De la conquista mexicana"]},"subtitle":{"en":["Treats of how the Spaniards conquered Mexico City."],"es":["Sobre la conquista de Nueva españa desde el Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco Punto de vista."]}},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/6/","id":"76674c02-d8d2-4822-b5f2-101c57cb9535","bookNumber":6,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Theology"],"es":["De la retórica, filosofía moral y teología"]},"subtitle":"Sobre oraciones a sus dioses, retórica, filosofía moral y teología en un mismo contexto."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/7/","id":"10216bd1-04c2-46d9-bd65-3fa717d240e7","bookNumber":7,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Astrology and Natural Philosophy"],"es":["De la astrología y filosofía natural"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa del sol, la luna, las estrellas y el año jubilar."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/8/","id":"0ac3a9d5-1adb-442b-9fc6-151a3c8fde0a","bookNumber":8,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Kings and Lords"],"es":["De los reyes y señores"]},"subtitle":"Sobre reyes y señores, y la forma en que celebraron sus elecciones y gobernaron sus reinados."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/9/","id":"f0cf496b-9794-4dd4-b5e3-0ecf7c76b241","bookNumber":9,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","volume":"2","title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/1/","id":"0f2be144-2996-421f-aa4c-59c15c2b2866","bookNumber":1,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Gods"],"es":["De los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Se trata de dioses adorados por los nativos de esta tierra, que es Nueva España."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/2/","id":"d2172ca1-868a-448e-9fff-98786da4ccba","bookNumber":2,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Calendar and Festivals"],"es":["Del calendario y fiestas"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de las fiestas y los sacrificios con los que estos indígenas honraban a sus dioses en tiempos de infidelidad."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/3/","id":"dea94d77-3400-481b-bb11-7dd51c3cf7bd","bookNumber":3,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Origin of the Gods"],"es":["Del principio que tuvieron los dioses"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la creación de los dioses."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/4/","id":"7d7dfaf8-9b53-4441-a1a0-315089cc7a81","bookNumber":4,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Judicial Astrology or Divinatory Arts"],"es":["De la astrología judiciaria o arte adivinatoria"]},"subtitle":"Sobre la astrología del poder judicial indio o los augurios y las artes de la adivinación."},{"url":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/codex/codex_folio/book/5/","id":"a6ad625d-4b03-4fc7-a2d9-c63c6868af95","bookNumber":5,"manifest":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/1a300bf7-f3e3-4546-8b8d-5a27032ea8a7/","volume":"1","title":{"en":["Omens and Prognostications"],"es":["De los agüeros y pronósticos"]},"subtitle":"Se ocupa de predecir estos nativos hechos de pájaros, animales e insectos para predecir el futuro."}]},"iiif_urls":{"info_json":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/96041c07-4ed7-4286-8319-82b9b4871dbd/info.json","full":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/96041c07-4ed7-4286-8319-82b9b4871dbd/full/full/0/default.jpg","small":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/96041c07-4ed7-4286-8319-82b9b4871dbd/full/316,/0/default.jpg","medium":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/96041c07-4ed7-4286-8319-82b9b4871dbd/full/486,/0/default.jpg","large":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/96041c07-4ed7-4286-8319-82b9b4871dbd/full/655,/0/default.jpg","text":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/96041c07-4ed7-4286-8319-82b9b4871dbd/full/,246/0/default.jpg","nav":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/96041c07-4ed7-4286-8319-82b9b4871dbd/full/,150/0/default.jpg"},"files":{"folio_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/folio_pdf/2_317v.pdf","folio_jpg":"https://media.getty.edu/iiif/image/96041c07-4ed7-4286-8319-82b9b4871dbd/full/pct:16,/0/default.jpg","folio_audio":null,"volume_pdf":"https://ch-digital-florentine-codex.s3.amazonaws.com/volume_pdf/vol_2_9.pdf"},"canvas_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/canvas/4a1cd125-fd3e-43b1-893f-24bb155782d4/","canvas_label":{"en":["9v"]},"manifest_id":"https://dfc-be.ch.digtest.co.uk/iiif/iiif/manifest/5a0f5ea6-0ab9-43e0-a863-1b296ed2bbe9/","book_title":{"en":["Merchants"],"es":["De los mercaderes"]},"book_subtitle":"Sobre los comerciantes de élite de larga distancia, pochteca, que expandió el comercio, reconoció nuevas áreas por conquistar y agentes provocadores.","book_number":"9","total_folios":147,"texts":{"spanish_col":[{"id":"42e5c21d-794e-40f7-9d2e-1aa0e7c43958","choice":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["spanish transcription"],"es":["transcripción en español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["Spanish"],"es":["Español"]},"language_code":"spa","subtitle":"(López Austin & García Quintana 2000)","markdown":"se partían los mercaderes a tratar llevaban sus báculos, y llevaban sus papeles pintados con _ulli_, que era el atavío o ornarnento del báculo.\n\nDespués de los de arriba dichos, cortaban otros papeles para ofrecer a Ce Cóatl Utli Meláhuac, que es uno de los veinte caracteres o signos de la arte adivinatoria. Era cortado en cuatro tiras; pintaban figuras de culebras en los papeles, con tinta de _ulli_, con sus cabezas, ojos, bocas y lenguas, y sus pescuezos de culebra. Después desto cortaban otros papeles para ofrecer a los dioses llamados Zacatzontli y Tlacotzontli, dioses del camino, y eran cortados a manera de mariposas y goteados con gotas de _ulli_. Después de aparejados todos estos papeles como está dicho, luego a la media noche ofrecíanlos. Los primeros ofrecían al fuego, poniéndolos delante del hogar; y luego salían al medio del patio de la casa, y ponían ordenados los papeles que ofrecían al dios de la tierra, llamado Tlaltecuhtli. Luego ponían ordenados los papeles que eran","html":"<p>se partían los mercaderes a tratar llevaban sus báculos, y llevaban sus papeles pintados con <em>ulli</em>, que era el atavío o ornarnento del báculo.</p>\n<p>Después de los de arriba dichos, cortaban otros papeles para ofrecer a Ce Cóatl Utli Meláhuac, que es uno de los veinte caracteres o signos de la arte adivinatoria. Era cortado en cuatro tiras; pintaban figuras de culebras en los papeles, con tinta de <em>ulli</em>, con sus cabezas, ojos, bocas y lenguas, y sus pescuezos de culebra. Después desto cortaban otros papeles para ofrecer a los dioses llamados Zacatzontli y Tlacotzontli, dioses del camino, y eran cortados a manera de mariposas y goteados con gotas de <em>ulli</em>. Después de aparejados todos estos papeles como está dicho, luego a la media noche ofrecíanlos. Los primeros ofrecían al fuego, poniéndolos delante del hogar; y luego salían al medio del patio de la casa, y ponían ordenados los papeles que ofrecían al dios de la tierra, llamado Tlaltecuhtli. Luego ponían ordenados los papeles que eran</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_lopez_spanish_transcription","citation":{"en":["Spanish by López Austin & García Quintana 2000"],"es":["Español por López Austin & García Quintana 2000"]}},{"id":"aa464eca-de74-40f9-a9e5-8d78dbced96f","choice":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["spanish translation"],"es":["traducción al español"]},"column":"spanish","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(García Garagarza 2023)","markdown":"the merchants were leaving to engage in their trade, they would carry their staffs, and they would carry their papers painted with _olli_, which was the staff’s attire or ornament.\n\nAfter cutting the [papers] mentioned above, they would cut other papers in order to offer them to Ce Coatl Utli Melahuac, which is one of the twenty characters or signs of their divinatory art. It would be cut into four strips. Using _olli_ ink, they would paint figures of snakes on the papers, with their heads, eyes, mouths, tongues, and their snake necks. After doing this, they would cut other papers as an offering to the gods called Zacatzontli and Tlacotzontli, gods of the road; these were cut in the shape of butterflies and were spattered with drops of _olli_. After having prepared all these papers as described, they would then offer them at midnight. They would offer the first ones to the fire, by placing them in front of the hearth; and then they would go outside to the center of the house’s patio and arrange in order the papers that they would offer to the god of the earth, called Tlalteuctli. They would then arrange in order the papers that were","html":"<p>the merchants were leaving to engage in their trade, they would carry their staffs, and they would carry their papers painted with <em>olli</em>, which was the staff’s attire or ornament.</p>\n<p>After cutting the [papers] mentioned above, they would cut other papers in order to offer them to Ce Coatl Utli Melahuac, which is one of the twenty characters or signs of their divinatory art. It would be cut into four strips. Using <em>olli</em> ink, they would paint figures of snakes on the papers, with their heads, eyes, mouths, tongues, and their snake necks. After doing this, they would cut other papers as an offering to the gods called Zacatzontli and Tlacotzontli, gods of the road; these were cut in the shape of butterflies and were spattered with drops of <em>olli</em>. After having prepared all these papers as described, they would then offer them at midnight. They would offer the first ones to the fire, by placing them in front of the hearth; and then they would go outside to the center of the house’s patio and arrange in order the papers that they would offer to the god of the earth, called Tlalteuctli. They would then arrange in order the papers that were</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_garagarza","citation":{"en":["Spanish-to-English by García Garagarza 2023"],"es":["Español-al-inglés por García Garagarza 2023"]}}],"nahuatl_col":[{"id":"7864ef36-5046-466c-9b8f-9067508c6e93","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"transcription","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl transcription"],"es":["transcripción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["Nahuatl"],"es":["Náhuatl"]},"language_code":"nci","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"in puchteca. Jn oztomeca, in campa uia, in campa calaquia, inic ozoztomecatizque, quitquitiuia in intopil, auh in amatl itech pouia, tlanauhçotectli, oltica tlapeiaoalli.\n\nNiman iehoatl quitequi, in itech pouhqui ce coatl, vtli melaoac: inic quitequi, çan no ie in tlanauhçotectli, inic quicuiloa amatl, oltica quicohoaicuiloa: quitlalia in itzontecon, ioan istelolo, quicamatia, quinenepiltia, quiquechtia.\n\nNiman iehehoatl quitequi, in itech poui in tlacotzontli, in çacatzontli: inic quitequia amatl, çan tempapaloio, auh inic tlacuilolli çan tlaolchipinilli.\n\nAuh in ocõcencauhque, niman ie ic mostlaoa, in iohoalnepantla: achtopa oncan ispan quimanilia, in tletl itech poui. Niman ie ic quiça in itoalnepantla: oncan contecpana in inestlaoal, in itech poui tlalli,","html":"<p>in puchteca. Jn oztomeca, in campa uia, in campa calaquia, inic ozoztomecatizque, quitquitiuia in intopil, auh in amatl itech pouia, tlanauhçotectli, oltica tlapeiaoalli.</p>\n<p>Niman iehoatl quitequi, in itech pouhqui ce coatl, vtli melaoac: inic quitequi, çan no ie in tlanauhçotectli, inic quicuiloa amatl, oltica quicohoaicuiloa: quitlalia in itzontecon, ioan istelolo, quicamatia, quinenepiltia, quiquechtia.</p>\n<p>Niman iehehoatl quitequi, in itech poui in tlacotzontli, in çacatzontli: inic quitequia amatl, çan tempapaloio, auh inic tlacuilolli çan tlaolchipinilli.</p>\n<p>Auh in ocõcencauhque, niman ie ic mostlaoa, in iohoalnepantla: achtopa oncan ispan quimanilia, in tletl itech poui. Niman ie ic quiça in itoalnepantla: oncan contecpana in inestlaoal, in itech poui tlalli,</p>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_transcription","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}},{"id":"ccc2ec62-44ac-4c5e-99cc-3b7eaf8edd6a","choice":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]},"type":"translation","type_label":{"en":["nahuatl translation"],"es":["traducción al náhuatl"]},"column":"nahuatl","language":{"en":["English"],"es":["Inglés"]},"language_code":"eng","subtitle":"(Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982)","markdown":"the merchants worshipped. The vanguard merchants, wherever they went, wherever they penetrated to engage in trade,[^2] went carrying their staves. And the paper which belonged with [the staff] was cut into four strips with liquid rubber spilled on it.\n\nThen they cut the [paper] which pertained to One Serpent, the straight way. Thus did they cut it—in the same way, in four strips. Thus did they paint the paper: with liquid rubber they painted on it a serpent. They placed on it its head, and its eyes; they gave it a mouth, a tongue, a neck.\n\nThen they cut the [paper] which pertained to Tlacotzontli [and] Çacatzontli.[^3] Thus did they cut the paper, only like a butterfly-shaped lip ornament. And in painting it they only spattered it with liquid rubber.\n\nAnd when they had prepared [the papers], thereupon the debt [to the gods] was paid at midnight. First they offered, there before the fire [god], what pertained to him. Thereupon they went forth into the middle of the courtyard. There they placed in order the [paper] offerings which pertained to the earth [god], \n\n\n\n\n[^2]: *Ozoztomecatizque* so appears in the Aztec text.\n\n\n[^3]: Corresponding Spanish text: *&#8221;dioses del camjno.&#8221;*","html":"<p>the merchants worshipped. The vanguard merchants, wherever they went, wherever they penetrated to engage in trade,<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-1\"><a href=\"#fn-1\">1</a></sup> went carrying their staves. And the paper which belonged with [the staff] was cut into four strips with liquid rubber spilled on it.</p>\n<p>Then they cut the [paper] which pertained to One Serpent, the straight way. Thus did they cut it—in the same way, in four strips. Thus did they paint the paper: with liquid rubber they painted on it a serpent. They placed on it its head, and its eyes; they gave it a mouth, a tongue, a neck.</p>\n<p>Then they cut the [paper] which pertained to Tlacotzontli [and] Çacatzontli.<sup class=\"footnote-ref\" id=\"fnref-2\"><a href=\"#fn-2\">2</a></sup> Thus did they cut the paper, only like a butterfly-shaped lip ornament. And in painting it they only spattered it with liquid rubber.</p>\n<p>And when they had prepared [the papers], thereupon the debt [to the gods] was paid at midnight. First they offered, there before the fire [god], what pertained to him. Thereupon they went forth into the middle of the courtyard. There they placed in order the [paper] offerings which pertained to the earth [god],</p>\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn-1\"><p><em>Ozoztomecatizque</em> so appears in the Aztec text.<a href=\"#fnref-1\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n<li id=\"fn-2\"><p>Corresponding Spanish text: <em>”dioses del camjno.”</em><a href=\"#fnref-2\" class=\"footnote\">&#8617;</a></p></li>\n</ol>\n</section>\n","citation_key":"citation_anderson_nahuatl_eng_translation","citation":{"en":["Nahuatl-to-English by Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"],"es":["Náhuatl-al-inglés por Anderson & Dibble 1953–1982"]}}]},"folio":"9v"}